A diversidade de comportamento político das zonas coloniais alemãs no sul do Brasil: indícios sob uma perspectiva histórica

This article intends to show the diversity of political behaviour of german colonies in Southern Brazil from an historical perspective and consider how ethnic identity relates to the construction of other identities. The heterogeneity of german immigrants adds new elements to the discussion about incorporation of multiple identities of individuals pertaining to the same ethnic group. This research contributes to show the fragility of the reducionist conceptions of ethnic identities.Procura-se apontar a diversidade do comportamento político das zonas coloniais alemãs no sul do Brasil sob uma perspectiva histórica, além de fazer uma reflexão sobre identidade étnica e como esta se relaciona e se situa em outras esferas da construção de identidades. A heterogeneidade do grupo em questão incrementa o debate das identidades múltiplas incorporadas pelos diversos sujeitos integrantes de um mesmo grupo étnico. Esse estudo contribui para mostrar a fragilidade de concepções identitárias reducionistas

The Break-in parties in Latin America: success or failure?

En esta nota de pesquisa se da cuenta del desarrollo teórico y el diseño metodológico del proyecto de investigación “Los Break-in parties en América Latina: ¿éxito o fracaso?”. La propuesta general del proyecto es: analizar las características de estos partidos capaces de “irrumpir” en el sistema de partidos; revelar cómo las condiciones estructurales del momento de la génesis inciden en el desarrollo del partido “hacia adentro” y “hacia afuera”; y establecer una explicación que vincule estos tipos de partidos, su origen y desarrollo, con su éxito o su fracaso posterior. Con base en estos objetivos, en esta nota de pesquisa se llevará a cabo: primero, una revisión bibliográfica sobre el surgimiento de nuevos partidos; segundo, una problematización sobre qué es lo “novedoso” de estas organizaciones; y tercero, una exposición de las principales decisiones teórico y metodológicas para analizar los Break-in parties.This research note outlines the theoretical development and methodological design of the research project “Break-in parties in Latin America: Success or Failure?”. The aim of the project is to analyze the characteristics of parties that manage to break into the party system – to clarify how structural conditions at the moment of genesis affect the “inward” and “outward” development of these parties and to explain how its origin and development are linked to their subsequent success or failure. To expose these objectives, in this research-note we procede as follows: first, we offer a literature review on the emergence of new parties; second, we discuss what is “new” in these kinds of organizations; and third, we explain our theoretical and methodological approach to analyze the break-in parties in Latin America.Fil: Kestler, Thomas. Universitat Wurzburg; AlemaniaFil: Krause, Silvana. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Lucca, Juan Bautista. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Economia, politica e religiao em santa cruz do sul na republica velha

Resumo não disponíve

Lift Me Up by Looking Down: Social Comparison Effects of Narratives

Stories are a powerful means to change recipients’ views on themselves by being transported into the story world and by identifying with story characters. Previous studies showed that recipients temporarily change in line with a story and its characters (assimilation). Conversely, assimilation might be less likely when recipients are less identified with story protagonists or less transported into a story by comparing themselves with a story character. This may lead to changes, which are opposite to a story and its characters (contrast). In two experiments, we manipulated transportation and experience taking via two written reviews (Experiment 1; N = 164) and by varying the perspective of the story’s narrator (Experiment 2; N = 79) of a short story about a negligent student. Recipients’ self-ratings in comparison to others, motives, and problem-solving behavior served as dependent variables. However, neither the review nor the perspective manipulation affected transportation or experience taking while reading the story. Against our expectations, highly transported recipients (in Study 1) and recipients with high experience taking (in Study 2) showed more persistency working on an anagram-solving task, even when controlling for trait conscientiousness. Our findings are critically discussed in light of previous research

Los Break-in parties en América Latina: éxito o fracaso?

This research note outlines the theoretical development and methodological design of the research project “Break-in parties in Latin America: Success or Failure?”. The aim of the project is to analyze the characteristics of parties that manage to break into the party system – to clarify how structural conditions at the moment of genesis affect the “inward” and “outward” development of these parties and to explain how its origin and development are linked to their subsequent success or failure. To expose these objectives, in this research-note we procede as follows: first, we offer a literature review on the emergence of new parties; second, we discuss what is “new” in these kinds of organizations; and third, we explain our theoretical and methodological approach to analyze the break-in parties in Latin America.En esta nota de pesquisa se da cuenta del desarrollo teórico y el diseño metodológico del proyecto de investigación “Los Break-in parties en América Latina: ¿éxito o fracaso?”. La propuesta general del proyecto es: analizar las características de estos partidos capaces de “irrumpir” en el sistema de partidos; revelar cómo las condiciones estructurales del momento de la génesis inciden en el desarrollo del partido “hacia adentro” y “hacia afuera”; y establecer una explicación que vincule estos tipos de partidos, su origen y desarrollo, con su éxito o su fracaso posterior. Con base en estos objetivos, en esta nota de pesquisa se llevará a cabo: primero, una revisión bibliográfica sobre el surgimiento de nuevos partidos; segundo, una problematización sobre qué es lo “novedoso” de estas organizaciones; y tercero, una exposición de las principales decisiones teórico y metodológicas para analizar los Break-in parties

Dinâmicas de surgimento de novos partidos na América do Sul (1979-2015)

O início da década de 1980 caracteriza-se pelo esgotamento dos regimes autoritários na América do Sul. O longo processo de transição que passaram alguns países, ou a abrupta ruptura institucional de outros, marcou o retorno dos partidos à arena de disputa política. Como diversos autores pontuaram, desde então, tem-se assistido a emergência de novos atores políticos ou transformações de partidos anteriormente consolidados. Neste trabalho, investigamos as dinâmicas do surgimento de novos partidos no subcontinente. Os mesmos são tratados enquanto organizações que se apresentam pela primeira vez em pleito nacional. Consideramos todas as eleições (91) realizadas no período de 1979 até 2015, no sentido de observar as variações do número de novos partidos que surgiram em cada pleito, a partir de fontes secundárias (outros trabalhos) e primárias (bancos de dados dos respectivos tribunais eleitorais). A literatura que trata do surgimento de novos partidos, em democracias consolidadas ou emergentes, aponta distintas variáveis que impactam nos incentivos à gênese de novas organizações. Crises políticas ou sociais, atores políticos e/ou incentivos institucionais. Em nosso caso, a partir da análise estatística multivariada, buscamos perceber quais são as variáveis que têm mais efeito sobre o surgimento de novos partidos. Os resultados apontam que existem diferenças significativas entre os países, sendo os Andinos muito mais propensos à emergência de novos partidos, devido a alterações Constitucionais específicas. Causas sociais, como alto desemprego e baixo crescimento econômico, também foram significantes para explicar por que em alguns contextos surgiram mais novos partidos do que em outros

O perfil do financiamento dos partidos brasileiros (2006-2012): o que as tipologias dizem?

Resumo Na análise sobre partidos políticos há um debate clássico sobre tipologias partidárias. Modelos tipológicos são construídos especialmente a partir de indicadores. O financiamento partidário é uma dimensão central, que oferece parâmetros para a identificação das tipologias. Neste artigo, propomos contrapor os distintos modelos partidários destacados na literatura com os perfis de financiamento encontrados nas organizações partidárias brasileiras. Através de dados do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE), identificamos a origem dos recursos que financiam as legendas. Concluímos que há um nítido afastamento do caso brasileiro com partidos de quadros e de massa e uma aproximação com um tipo catch-all ou cartel. No entanto, o fundo partidário não tem apresentado elementos que fortalecem a tese de um processo de cartelização. Ao contrário, ele tem contribuído para garantir menor concentração na competição política, bem como manter no mercado maior oferta partidária. Palavras-chave: Partidos políticos, financiamento partidário, fundo partidário, partido cartel, Brasil.   Abstract  In analysis about political parties, there is a classical debate about types of parties. Typological models are based specially on indicators. Party funding is a central dimension that provides parameters to identify types. In this paper, we propose contrasting different party models highlighted in literature with the profile of funding found in Brazilian party organizations. Through data provided by the Electoral Supreme Court (TSE), we identify the origin of resources that fund parties. We conclude that there is, in case of Brazil, a clear departure from cadre-based parties of and mass parties and an approximation to a catch-all or cartel party. However, the Party Fund has not shown evidence to support the thesis of a process of cartelization. Instead, it has helped to guarantee smaller concentration in political competition and also to keep a larger supply in the party market. Keywords: Political parties, party funding, Party Fund, cartel party, Brazil

Chromatographic Methods Applied to the Characterization of Bio-Oil from the Pyrolysis of Agro-Industrial Biomasses

Biomass conversion into solid, liquid and gaseous products by pyrolytic technology is one of the most promising alternative to convert the biomass into useful products and energy. The total characterization of the products from the pyrolysis of biomass is one of the great challenges in this field, mainly due to their molecular complexity. Pyrolysis is a process that causes degradation of biomass in a non‐oxidative atmosphere, at relatively high temperatures, producing a solid residue rich in carbon and mineral matter, gases and bio‐oil. The yield and properties of the products depend on the nature of the biomass and the type of the pyrolysis process (type of reactor, temperature, gas flow, catalyst). Due to the high molecular complexity of bio‐oil, many different technical had been developed to their complete characterization. This chapter describes the principles of the techniques and main application of chromatographic methods (GC, LC, GC × GC, LC × LC, Nano‐LC) in the analysis of bio‐oils derived from thermo‐degradation of biomasses. Especial attention is carried out to two‐dimensional techniques that represent the state of the art in terms of separation, sensibility, selectivity and velocity of data acquisition for characterization of complex organic mixtures. For proper use of bio‐oil in the chemical industry, it is essential the identification and unambiguous determination of its major constituents. Only then, it is possible to propose a recovery route of some of these components for the development of an industry dedicated to a bio‐refinery. For this, chromatographic methods, especially GC × GC/MS, are fundamental because they allow analysis with high sensitivity and accuracy in identifying each constituent of the bio‐oil

Concern with COVID-19 Pandemic Threat and Attitudes Towards Immigrants:The Mediating Effect of the Desire for Tightness

Tightening social norms is thought to be adaptive for dealing with collective threat yet it may have negative consequences for increasing prejudice. The present research investigated the role of desire for cultural tightness, triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, in increasing negative attitudes towards immigrants. We used participant-level data from 41 countries (N = 55,015) collected as part of the PsyCorona project, a cross-national longitudinal study on responses to COVID-19. Our predictions were tested through multilevel and SEM models, treating participants as nested within countries. Results showed that people's concern with COVID-19 threat was related to greater desire for tightness which, in turn, was linked to more negative attitudes towards immigrants. These findings were followed up with a longitudinal model (N = 2,349) which also showed that people's heightened concern with COVID-19 in an earlier stage of the pandemic was associated with an increase in their desire for tightness and negative attitudes towards immigrants later in time. Our findings offer insight into the trade-offs that tightening social norms under collective threat has for human groups