Effects Of Large Predators On The Field Culture Of The Hard Clam, Mercenaria mercenaria

Individuals in the clam industry h ave used fences to keep the cownose ray, Rhirioptera bonasus, out of planted areas (Lewis 2 ; Burton3 ). Tiller et al. ( 1952) indicated losses due to skates in planted holding areas and stated that One man reported the loss of 600 bushels of small clams in two nights during 1948 .... Merriner and Smith4 stated that cownose ray predation is a serious problem on oyster and clam grounds in Chesapeake Bay. From these observations it is clear that such large predators could be a significant deterrent to the culture of clams from Delaware Bay southward along the Atlantic coast. The present study continues a program designed tv evaluate methods of protecting areas seeded with young Mercenaria mercenari

The Effects Of Seed Size, Shell Bags, Crab Traps, And Netting On The Survival Of The Northern Hard Clam Mercenaria Mercenaria (Linne)

Seed size at planting is the dominant factor affecting hard clam survival to marketable size when field grow-out techniques are used. The use of plastic mesh nets, crab traps, and wire mesh bags (filled with oyster shells) alone or in combination can be used to increase survival of hard clams of ~ 6 to 8-mm shell height. These techniques do not provide sufficient protection for 2-mm seed. The combination of net + crab trap + shell bag was nearly twice as effective as the net alone when 10 to 14-mm seed was used and over five times as effective as the net alone when 6 to 8-mm seed were planted. Survival in excess of 50% slows the growth rate and yields higher percentages of submarketable, \u3c 25-mm thick (New York legal limit) clams. Local markets and dealers would accept all clams \u3e22 mm

F14RS SGR No. 31 (Graduate ORF Committee)

A RESOLUTION to establish a committee to reevaluate and oversee the allocation of the Graduate Organizational Relief Fund (ORF

Mercenaria Culture Using Stone Aggregate For Predator Protection

A low technology method utilizing hatchery-raised seed clams and field grow-out techniques is presented.This technique appears to be economically feasible and can be carried out by non-technical personnel with a minimum of training. The hatchery uses the Wells-Glancy (centrifuged, incubated seawater) method for raising food for the larval clams. The larvae set in 8 - 10 days and the seed are supplied with flowing seawater until they grow to 2 mm. The 2 mm seed were placed in nursery plots and protected from predation by a layer of gravel or crushed stone aggregate. Movement of the small clams was prevented by a system of baffles which enclosed and dissected the nursery areas. Field survival of a 1975 test group of 600,000 clams approached 75 % . Costs of raising the clams for the first year are included

Prototype microprocessor controller

A microcomputer controller for STDN antennas was developed. The microcomputer technology reduces the system's physical size by the implementation in firmware of functions. The reduction in the number of components increases system reliability and similar benefit is derived when a graphic video display is substituted for several control and indicator panels. A substantial reduction in the number of cables, connectors, and mechanical switches is achieved. The microcomputer based system is programmed to perform calibration and diagnostics, to update the satellite orbital vector, and to communicate with other network systems. The design is applicable to antennas and lasers

Age, growth rate, sexual dimorphism and fecundity of knobbed whelk Busycon carica (Gmelin, 1791) in a western mid-Atlantic lagoon system, Virginia

Growth, onset of sexual maturity, and sexual reversal in laboratory-reared Busycon carica have been examined. Animals first matured at 9 years of age. The first sign of maturity in all animals we reared was the presence of the penis. At 12.4 years of age, one of the animals laid an egg case that did not contain embryos. This animal, and all others, still retained a penis. At 13.5 years, three egg cases were laid and over half the animals had undergone sex reversal (loss of the penis). Field studies have shown that egg strings are laid in the fall on tidal and intertidal flats and over winter to hatch in the spring. Organisms that require a relatively long time to mature, that lay few eggs per spawning season, and that are vulnerable for a long time are difficult to manage for a sustained yield fishery

S14RS SGFB No. 12 (Security on Smart Phones)

A FINANCE BILL To allocate a maximum of thirty-six thousand five hundred dollars and zero cents ($36,500.00) from the Student Government Initiatives Account to fund a customized LSU Emergency application for smart phones through the LSU Police Department (LSU PD)