Senior medical students’ awareness of radiation risks from common diagnostic imaging examinations

Background: Senior medical students represent future physicians who commonly refer patients for diagnostic imaging studies that may involve ionizing radiation. The radiology curriculum at the University of British Columbia provides students with broad-based knowledge about common imaging examinations. The purpose of this study was to investigate students’ awareness of radiation exposures and risks.Methods: An anonymous multiple-choice cross-sectional questionnaire was distributed to final year medical students to assess knowledge of radiation from common diagnostic examinations and radiation-related risks following completion of the longitudinal radiology curriculum, carried out over the four years of medical training.Results: Sixty-three of 192 eligible students participated (33% response rate). The majority felt that knowledge of radiation doses of common imaging examinations is somewhat or very important; however, only 12% (N = 8) routinely discuss radiation-related risks with patients. While all respondents recognized children as most sensitive to the effects of radiation, only 24% (N = 15) correctly identified gonads as the most radiation-sensitive tissue. Almost all respondents recognized ultrasound and MRI as radiation free modalities. Respondents who correctly identified the relative dose of common imaging examinations in chest x-ray equivalents varied from 3-77% (N = 2 – 49); the remaining responses were largely underestimates. Finally, 44% (N = 28) correctly identified the excess risk of a fatal cancer from an abdominal CT in an adult, while the remainder underestimated this risk.Conclusion: Medical students acknowledge the importance of radiation-related issues to patient care. While almost all students are familiar with radiation-free modalities, many are not familiar with, and commonly underestimate, the relative doses and risks of common imaging studies. This may expose patients to increasing imaging investigations and exposure to radiation hazards

Методы и приборы неразрушающего контроля нефтегазового оборудования и инструмента

В роботі йдеться про створені засоби неруйнівного контролю бурового інструмента для нафтогазової промисловості.In work state the creation devices for the nondestructive control of the oil anf gaz systems and insrtuments.В работе рассмотрены созданных средствах неразрушающего контроля инструмента для нефтегазовой промышленности

Information coding in vasopressin neurons-The role of asynchronous bistable burst firing

AbstractThe task of the vasopressin system is homeostasis, a type of process which is fundamental to the brain's regulation of the body, exists in many different systems, and is vital to health and survival. Many illnesses are related to the dysfunction of homeostatic systems, including high blood pressure, obesity and diabetes. Beyond the vasopressin system's own importance, in regulating osmotic pressure, it presents an accessible model where we can learn how the features of homeostatic systems generally relate to their function, and potentially develop treatments. The vasopressin system is an important model system in neuroscience because it presents an accessible system in which to investigate the function and importance of, for example, dendritic release and burst firing, both of which are found in many systems of the brain. We have only recently begun to understand the contribution of dendritic release to neuronal function and information processing. Burst firing has most commonly been associated with rhythm generation; in this system it clearly plays a different role, still to be understood fully

Страхування інвестиційної діяльності комерційних банків України

Problems which brake investment activity of commercial banks are reflected in the article. As exactly the noted problems prove on makro- and micro levels. The investment risks of banks are analyzed. Their classification is offered. The considered approaches are in relation to the management of banks investment risks. The special attention is accented on insurance of investment risks as a basic method of management by them. Practice of investment insurance is systematized. The offered types of insurance services are in insurance of investment risks. It is separately spared attention insurance of enterprise risks. Lighted up order of conclusion and accompaniment of insurance contract, factors which influence on the size of insurance tariffs at insurance of investment risks. Indicated lacks of insurance of investment risks of banks and directions of decline of them are grounded negative influence. The done conclusions are in relation to perfection of the system of risk management in relation to a financial, credit and investment policy.Отражены проблемы, тормозящие инвестиционную деятельность коммерческих банков. Как именно эти проблемы проявляют себя на макро- и на микроуровне. Проанализированы инвестиционные риски банков. Предложена их классификация. Рассмотрены подходы к управлению инвестиционными рисками банков. Особое внимание акцентировано на страховании инвестиционных рисков как основного метода управления ими. Систематизирована практика инвестиционного страхования. Предложены виды страховых услуг в страховании инвестиционных рисков. Отдельно уделено внимание страхованию предпринимательских рисков. Освещен порядок заключения и сопровождения договоров страхования; факторы, влияющие на размер страховых тарифов при страховании инвестиционных рисков. Указаны недостатки страхования инвестиционных рисков банков и обоснованы направления снижения их негативного влияния. Сделаны выводы по совершенствованию системы риск-менеджмента в отношении финансово-кредитной и инвестиционной политики.Висвітлено проблеми, які гальмують інвестиційну діяльність комерційних банків. Як саме зазначені проблеми виявляються на макро- і мікрорівні. Проаналізовано інвестиційні ризики банків. Запропоновано їх класифікацію. Розглянуто підходи щодо управління інвестиційними ризиками банків. Особливу увагу акцентовано на страхуванні інвестиційних ризиків як основного методу управління ними. Систематизовано практику інвестиційного страхування. Запропоновано види страхових послуг у страхуванні інвестиційних ризиків. Окремо приділено увагу страхуванню підприємницьких ризиків. Висвітлено порядок укладення і супроводу страхового договору, чинники, які впливають на розмір страхових тарифів при страхуванні інвестиційних ризиків. Вказано недоліки страхування інвестиційних ризиків банків та обґрунтовано напрями зниження їхнього негативного впливу. Зроблено висновки щодо вдосконалення системи ризик-менеджменту стосовно фінансово-кредитної та інвестиційної політики

Genetic inactivation of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier in astrocytes and in dopaminergic neurons: effects in murine models of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases

In recent years, the neuroprotective effects of MPC inhibition have been intensively studied using various models of neurodegenerative diseases. It turned out that a new generation of insulin sensitizers inhibits MPC, and their application for the treatment of AD and PD in multiple cell and animal models showed a decrease in neurodegeneration. In our studies, we wanted to find out whether genetic inhibition of MPC selectively in astrocytes and dopaminergic neurons can have neuroprotective function in the mouse AD and PD models, respectively. Our results of the behavioral assessment showed a significant increase in anxiety in 3xTgAD mice without MPC1, suggesting that metabolic changes caused by inhibition of MPC may contribute to the progression of AD. Selective depletion of MPC1 in DA neurons significantly impacted the behavior of animals at the Pole test, and also affected the number of TH+ cells in VTA. These results can contribute to the knowledge of the energy metabolism of astrocytes in pathological conditions, as well as can provide new insights for the development of treatment for PD

Galanin modulates neurotransmission in electrophysiologically identified supraoptic oxytocin and vasopressin neurons

Bibliography: p. 92-111