Oxidative dehydrogenation of 2,3,5-trimethyl-1,4-hydroquinone in the presence of titanium dioxide hydrogel

Liquid-phase oxidative dehydrogenation of 2,3,5-trimethyl-1,4-hydroquinone in the presence of titanium dioxide hydrogel was studied by a kinetic method. Associative interactions between the substrate, oxidant, and gel were detected by voltammetry and ESR and IR spectroscopy.Russian Foundation for Basic Researc

Structure of the lexico-semantic field of emotive vocabulary in psychologicaly deprived junior schoolchildren

Social orphanhood has a negative impact on the entire process of psychological development of children. Children without parental care are less prepared to organize and establish social relationships, have a low status in the system of interpersonal relations, and demonstrate aggression and inability to take socially competent decisions in acute situations. Social orphanhood should be considered as an object of interdisciplinary research, one of the important aspects of which is the psycho-pedagogical aspect allowing pedagogues to consider its consequences for speech development and social adaptation.В статье рассматривается проблема речевого развития детей младшего школьного возраста с психической депривацией

Anomalous oxygen isotope effect on the in-plane FIR conductivity of detwinned YBa2Cu316,18^{16,18}O6.9_{6.9}

We observe an anomalous oxygen isotope effect on the a-axis component of the far-infrared electronic response of detwinned YBa2Cu3$^{16,18}$O$_{6.9}$. For $^{18}$O a pronounced low-energy electronic mode (LEM) appears around 240 cm$^{-1}$. This a-axis LEM exhibits a clear aging effect, after one year it is shifted to 190 cm$^{-1}$. For $^{16}$O we cannot resolve a corresponding a-axis LEM above 120 cm$^{-1}$. We interpret the LEM in terms of a collective electronic mode that is pinned by `isotopic defects', i.e. by the residual $^{16}$O in the matrix of $^{18}$O.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure

TiOCl, an orbital-ordered system?

We present first principles density functional calculations and downfolding studies of the electronic and magnetic properties of the layered quantum spin system TiOCl. We discuss explicitely the nature of the exchange pathes and attempt to clarify the concept of orbital ordering in this material. An analysis of the electronic structure of slightly distorted structures according to the phononic modes allowed in this material suggests that this system is subject to large orbital fluctuations driven by the electron-phonon coupling. Based on these results, we propose a microscopic explanation of the behavior of TiOCl near the phase transition to a spin-gapped system.Comment: Some figures are compressed, for higher quality please contact the author

Charge ordering and magneto-polarons in Na0.82_{0.82}CoO2_2

Using spectral ellipsometry, we have measured the dielectric function of a Na$_{0.82(2)}$CoO$_2$ crystal that exhibits bulk antiferromagnetism with T$_{N}$=19.8 K. We identify two prominent transitions as a function of temperature. The first one at 280 K involves marked changes of the electronic and the lattice response that are indicative of charge ordering in the CoO$_{2}$ layers. The second transition coincides with T$_{N}$=19.8 K and reveals a sizeable spin-charge coupling. The data are discussed in terms of charge ordering and formation of magneto-polarons due to a charge-induced spin-state transition of adjacent Co$^{3+}$ ions

Future image spatio-temporal component features in students with different locus of control

Approaches to the locus of control problem, future image in terms of life plans aggregate formation, their realization ways and methods determination studying are analysing in the article. The spatio-temporal component includes future development in space, that can be considered in terms of space range for life plans realization; organization, that is, life plans provision with means for their realization; extension of the future in tim

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO EVALUATING BEER AND NON-ALCOHOLIC PRODUCTS SHELF LIFE

The article discusses the relevance of developing methodological approaches to the beer and soft drinks accelerated aging method in the market. The controlled indicators selection principles, mainly affecting the quality of the finished product, and the basic equation describing the dependence of changes in indicators on the main temperature factor are given. Studies of the influence of various physical factors (temperatures in the range of 50–60 °C, UV-radiation), both individually and jointly, on the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of packaged water for various experimental versions did not show statistically significant changes in the normalized parameters of the basic salt and microelement composition investigated water during storage. The optimal mode of accelerated «aging» of packaged water at an elevated temperature (up to 60 °C) and UV-radiation was established. In the case of soft drinks, thermostating was used when changing the temperature regimes (heat 50 ± 2 °C / cold 6 ± 2 °C) at an exposure time of 30 days, which made it possible to observe a decrease in taste and aroma compared with the control, as well as a decrease in sweetness and the appearance of a slight plastic taste for non-carbonated drink. The influence a temperature regime change on brewing products, which cannot be estimated using the existing method due to the high turbidity, is shown.The article discusses the relevance of developing methodological approaches to the beer and soft drinks accelerated aging method in the market. The controlled indicators selection principles, mainly affecting the quality of the finished product, and the basic equation describing the dependence of changes in indicators on the main temperature factor are given. Studies of the influence of various physical factors (temperatures in the range of 50–60 °C, UV-radiation), both individually and jointly, on the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of packaged water for various experimental versions did not show statistically significant changes in the normalized parameters of the basic salt and microelement composition investigated water during storage. The optimal mode of accelerated «aging» of packaged water at an elevated temperature (up to 60 °C) and UV-radiation was established. In the case of soft drinks, thermostating was used when changing the temperature regimes (heat 50 ± 2 °C / cold 6 ± 2 °C) at an exposure time of 30 days, which made it possible to observe a decrease in taste and aroma compared with the control, as well as a decrease in sweetness and the appearance of a slight plastic taste for non-carbonated drink. The influence a temperature regime change on brewing products, which cannot be estimated using the existing method due to the high turbidity, is shown

Biological features of high altitude rare medicinal plant species Hedysarum theinum Krasnob. in Western Siberia cultivation

The paper summarizes the results of a long-term introduction study of a rare alpine plant Hedysarum theinum Krasnob., which is widely used in medicine. We found that the species demonstrates sufficiently high seed productivity with adequate agrotechnical care under introduction conditions. Nevertheless, there were cases of a single lack of fruiting, which cannot be considered a reaction to different ecological conditions since these phenomena can also be observed in natural habitats; most likely, this is a feature of the reproductive biology of the species. The phenological characteristics, seed productivity, and seed germination of the species are given, and the range of variation in signs of the vegetative and generative spheres is established. The introduction assessment indicates high plasticity and a high degree of the species adaptation

Dipole-active optical phonons in YTiO_3: ellipsometry study and lattice-dynamics calculations

The anisotropic complex dielectric response was accurately extracted from spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements at phonon frequencies for the three principal crystallographic directions of an orthorhombic (Pbnm) YTiO_3 single crystal. We identify all twenty five infrared-active phonon modes allowed by symmetry, 7B_1u, 9B_2u, and 9B_3u, polarized along the c-, b-, and a-axis, respectively. From a classical dispersion analysis of the complex dielectric functions \tilde\epsilon(\omega) and their inverses -1/\tilde\epsilon(\omega) we define the resonant frequencies, widths, and oscillator strengths of the transverse (TO) and longitudinal (LO) phonon modes. We calculate eigenfrequencies and eigenvectors of B_1u, B_2u, and B_3u normal modes and suggest assignments of the TO phonon modes observed in our ellipsometry spectra by comparing their frequencies and oscillator strengths with those resulting from the present lattice-dynamics study. Based on these assignments, we estimate dynamical effective charges of the atoms in the YTiO_3 lattice. We find that, in general, the dynamical effective charges in YTiO_3 lattice are typical for a family of perovskite oxides. By contrast to a ferroelectric BaTiO_3, the dynamical effective charge of oxygen related to a displacement along the c-axis does not show the anomalously large value. At the same time, the dynamical effective charges of Y and ab-plane oxygen exhibit anisotropy, indicating strong hybridization along the a-axis.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure

A method for production of phytomineralsorbent, physical and chemical properties of it, effect on the living systems and the quality of the livestock industry products

Numerous experimental studies have shown that the sorption-active substances can clarify the reservoir, soils, drinking municipal water from unwanted impurities with a sufficient degree of effectiveness; eliminate the potentially toxic for health chemicals of different chemical nature from human body. This is ensuring their using in the animal production practice, veterinary medicine and medicine. The main purpose and focus of this study are associated with the solution of problems of the maintaining physiological and biochemical status of live-stock animals. It provides their productivity and biological value of obtained product