Diagnostic significance of CK19, TG, Ki67 and galectin-3 expression for papillary thyroid carcinoma in the northeastern region of China

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To evaluate the expression and differential diagnostic significance of CK19, TG, Ki67 and galectin-3 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (metastatic and non metastatic), follicular adenoma and nodular goiter in patients from the northeastern part of China.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>441 PTC specimens and 151 other benign thyroid specimens (97 cases of nodular goiter, 54 cases of nonmalignant follicular adenoma) were collected. Immunohistochemistry for CK19, TG, Ki67 and galectin-3 was performed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>CK19, TG, Ki67 and galectin-3 expression was 96.37% (425/441), 82.77% (365/441), and 40.59% (179/441), 96.82% (427/441), respectively, for the PTC group and the expression of these markers in the benign thyroid lesions group was 25.83% (39/151), 79.47% (120/151), and 37.09% (56/151), 50.99% (77/151), respectively. The expression of CK19 and galectin-3 in PTC was much higher than that in the nonmalignant group (p < 0.05). However, the expression of TG, Ki67 did not differ among these two groups (p > 0.05). The diagnostic efficiency of CK19 and galectin-3 for PTC was 96.37% (537/592) and 84.63% (501/592). CK19 and galectin-3 expression rate in PTC was higher than that in benign disease cases.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The diagnostic efficiency of CK19 for PTC was slightly better than galectin-3. The utilization of these markers combined with morphologic evaluation may be helpful in the differential diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma in the northeastern region of China.</p

VEGF-induced neuroprotection, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis after focal cerebral ischemia

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic protein with therapeutic potential in ischemic disorders, including stroke. VEGF confers neuroprotection and promotes neurogenesis and cerebral angiogenesis, but the manner in which these effects may interact in the ischemic brain is poorly understood. We produced focal cerebral ischemia by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 90 minutes in the adult rat brain and measured infarct size, neurological function, BrdU labeling of neuroproliferative zones, and vWF-immunoreactive vascular profiles, without and with intracerebroventricular administration of VEGF on days 1–3 of reperfusion. VEGF reduced infarct size, improved neurological performance, enhanced the delayed survival of newborn neurons in the dentate gyrus and subventricular zone, and stimulated angiogenesis in the striatal ischemic penumbra, but not the dentate gyrus. We conclude that in the ischemic brain VEGF exerts an acute neuroprotective effect, as well as longer latency effects on survival of new neurons and on angiogenesis, and that these effects appear to operate independently. VEGF may, therefore, improve histological and functional outcome from stroke through multiple mechanisms

Controlling interface anisotropy in CoFeB/MgO/HfO2 using dusting layers and magneto-ionic gating

International audienceIn this work, we present the magneto-ionic response to ionic liquid gating in Ta/CoFeB/MgO/HfO2 stacks, where heavy metal dusting layers of Ta, W, and Pt are inserted at the Ta/CoFeB and CoFeB/MgO interfaces. Dusting layers of W inserted at the Ta/CoFeB interface increase perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) by more than 50%, while no significant changes are seen for Pt. In these samples, gating cannot break the PMA seeded at the CoFeB/MgO interface, only relatively small changes in the coercivity can be induced, about 20% for Ta and Pt and 6% for W. At the CoFeB/MgO interface, a significant quenching of the magnetization is seen when W and Ta dusting layers are inserted, which remains unchanged after gating, suggesting a critical deterioration of the CoFeB. In contrast, Pt dusting layers result in an in-plane anisotropy that can be reversibly converted to PMA through magneto-ionic gating while preserving the polycrystalline structure of the MgO layer. This shows that dusting layers can be effectively used not only to engineer magnetic properties in multilayers but also to strongly modify their magneto-ionic performance