A robust ex vivo method to evaluate the diffusion properties of agents in biological tissues

A robust method is presented for evaluating the diffusion properties of chemicals in ex vivo biological tissues. Using this method that relies only on thickness and collimated transmittance measurements, the diffusion properties of glycerol, fructose, polypropylene glycol and water in muscle tissues were evaluated. Amongst other results, the diffusion coefficient of glycerol in colorectal muscle was estimated with a value of 3.3 × 10−7 cm2/s. Due to the robustness and simplicity of the method, it can be used in other fields of biomedical engineering, namely in organ cryoprotection and food industry

Sensory Elements and Devices Operational Diagnostic Blood Glucose

The problem of monitoring diabetes is caused as a significant prevalence of the disease, and development on this basis of complex related complications, early disability and mortality. [1] So important is operational and continuous monitoring of blood glucose (MBG), which will increase rates treatment of diabetes. Currently developed compact diagnostic system CMG for both the clinic and personal use. These systems are the most invasive, requiring immediate blood sampling. At the same time, become of diagnostic devices which are based on non-invasive method that the accuracy inferior invasive, but is more promising, because they have more functionality in terms of ease of measurement, storage and processing results. These systems include a measuring device and sensor elements. This paper will review methods and analysis of the basic principles of measurement devices MBG to develop circuit solutions for the creation of sensor and microsystem elements for noninvasive monitoring MBG. Keywords: diabetes, sensors, invasive and noninvasive methods, blood glucose levels.</p

Features Multilevel Metallization Forming a Submicron Structures of Large Integrated Circuits

This paper analyzesaluminum alloys that are used to form multilevel metallization in the submicron LSI/VLSI and magnetic alloys that are used for the production of magnetic disks of external storage devices with a large amount of memory. In addition characteristics of magnetron sputtering devices that can be used to form thinmetallization are given: magnetron sputtering device with a magnetic block rotated by cooling deionized water, which can significantly increase the effectiveness of sputtering; high-frequency magnetron device UMV 2,5 with magnetic system that formed on electromagnets with scanning magnetic field; magnetron sputtering device UVN MDE.P-1250-012 which can be used to form double-sided metallization; magnetron sputtering device based on URM.3.279.05 which can be used to form multilayer contact metallization;Keywords: Metallization, magnetron sputtering, thin film.</p

The Structure of Submandibular and Sublingual Salivary Glands Parenchyma and Their Acini Morphometric Characteristics Using Factor Models

Relevance. Perspective area of investigating salivary glands (SG) is the study of the structure of their acini and excretory ducts in pathological processes models. The obtained results are compared with the results of studying intact animals. Literature data concerning structural organization of the intact rats’ SG differ in ways of morphometry performing, quantitative indicators and are often contradictory in their results. Objective. To study the structure of submandibular (SMDG) and sublingual (SLG) salivary glands parenchyma in intact mature rats and determine the significance of various morphometric parameters of acini. Materials and methods. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and semifine ones with methylene blue. Electronic and microscopic study was performed by the generally accepted method. The morphometric analysis was performed at the light and optical level. We determined the area of profile fields, the elongation coefficient and forms of acini and their nuclei.To compare the results we used Mann-Whitney test. The exploratory factor analysis was performed. Results. We have learned characteristic  features of  SMDG and SLG  acini structure and the significance of various morphometric parameters. It was ascertained, that the  system of excretory ducts of glands particles is represented by intercalated,  striated and intralobular ducts. We have also found granular ducts in SMDG. The obtained factor models characterize salivary glands functioning in intact animals and are determined by two latent factors. Conclusions. 1) structural features of acini and their morphometric characteristics are specific for 12-months old intact male rats; 2) received factor models determine a large part of the total dispersion parameters of both SG and are adequate; 3) the similarity of factor structures of SG confirms the principle of intasystem organization of the cells of their final secretory departments; 4) Factor 1 is a factor of morphofunctional state of nuclei and Factor 2 is a factor of morphofunctional state of the cellular composition of acini