The Way of Sami Duodji: From Nomadic Necessity to Trademarked Lifestyle

The Sami people of Northwestern Eurasia in Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia share historical vicissitudes brought upon them with most other First Peoples. Their languages were suppressed, their religion and culture obliterated, and their way of life ultimately condemned to marginality. In a painful process that was first given wider attention in texts of the seventeenth century, the Sami were given few options for survival but to acquiesce and adapt to the dictates issued, largely losing their cultural identity in the process. Today, thanks to extensive advocacy of Sami activists starting in the 1960s, a reawakened Sami identity is fostered through schools, native-language publications, and higher-education programs teaching traditional and contemporary crafts. What once were objects of basic needs for a nomadic reindeer herder society have therefore become exquisite expressions of duodji craft items and works of art, the trademark-protected brand for Sami collectibles that include woven and braided bands, dress and footwear made of furs and hides. Beyond the duodji brand, many Sami artists find markets for their cultural expressions in galleries and other art market venues. This paper will briefly examine Sami history in a contextual and historical sketch, describing the nature and challenges of the Eurasian Subarctic region. It will focus on the work of contemporary duodji textile and clothing makers who regard their heritage either as an obligation to continue traditions in an unbroken form, or as opportunities to express personal visions and innovative departures

Diffusion and phase change characterization by mass spectrometry

The high temperature diffusion of trace elements in metals and alloys was investigated. Measurements were made by high sensitivity mass spectrometry in which individual atoms were detected, and quantitative data was obtained for zircaloy-2, 304 stainless steel, and tantalum. Additionally, a mass spectrometer was also an analytical tool for determining an allotropic phase change for stainless steel at 955 C, and a phase transition region between 772 C and 1072 C existing for zircaloy-2. Diffusion rates were measured in thin (0.001" (0.0025 cm) and 0.0005" (0.0013 cm)) ribbons which were designed as high temperature thermal ion sources, with the alkali metals as naturally occurring impurities. In the temperature and pressure regime where diffusion measurements were made, the solute atoms evaporated from the ribbon filaments when the impurities diffused to the surface, with a fraction of these impurity atoms ionized according to the Langmuir-Saha relation. The techniques developed can be applied to many other alloys important to space vehicles and supersonic transports; and, with appropriate modifications, to the diffusion of impurities in composites

Validation of an Inertial Sensor System for Quantifying Knee Function

Gait analysis has become a useful tool for clinicians in evaluating the progression of pathologies through functional analysis. The high cost and dedicated laboratories associated with the traditional camera-based motion analysis systems present the need for an alternative system. Direct measurement of kinetic parameters using inertial sensors (gyroscopes and accelerometers), in place of indirect calculations from position data obtained using cameras, has been shown effective in resolving important gait parameters. In order to directly compare gait parameters obtained using inertial sensors and a camera system, data was simultaneously collected from both systems for seven test subjects during normal gait. Three uni-axial gyroscopes and one tri-axial accelerometer were mounted on each subject\u27s right leg, as well as the reflective markers needed for the camera-based system. Knee flexion angle, angular velocities, and linear and angular accelerations were compared between the two systems. The similarities between the two methods validate the accuracy of the inertial sensor system with respect to the currently accepted camera-based method for some parameters. The errors found when comparing the two systems can be minimized by altering the number of sensitive axes of the sensors, as well as improving the accuracy of their placement. Such an inertial sensor system may provide an alternative that is suitable for use in a clinical setting

Effects of a Peer-Tutoring System Utilizing Students With Emotional Behavioral Disorders as Tutors and Students With Intellectual Disabilities as Tutees

High school students with intellectual disabilities often find appropriate ways and times to socialize with their peers. In self-contained settings, students are often limited to interacting with only those within the classroom. In addition, students with emotional behavioral disorders often have deficits in social domains and in self-esteem. Improving socializations of students with disabilities has always been a concern of both parents and teachers. Peer-mediated learning has been a proven effective way to instruct students with disabilities. Placing a student with an emotional behavioral disorder in the position of a peer tutor allows them to feel more secure in their own skills. A multiple baseline across subject design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of a peer-tutoring program in which students with emotional behavioral disorders tutored students with moderate intellectual disabilities with the aim of increasing social initiations in students with moderate intellectual disabilities

Betwixt and Between: A Treatise on Madness in Literature, Film, and Art

Alternative Theories on Madnes

A feasibility study of ion implantation techniques for mass spectrometer calibration

An experimental study was undertaken to examine the feasibility of using ion-implanted filaments doped with either an alkali metal or noble gas for in situ recalibration of onboard mass spectrometers during extended space missions. Implants of rubidium and krypton in rhenium ribbon filaments were subsequently tested in a bakeable 60 deg sector mass spectrometer operating in the static mode. Surface ionization and electron impact ion sources were both used, each yielding satisfactory results. The metallic implant with subsequent ionization provided a means of mass scale calibration and determination of system operating parameters, whereas the noble gas thermally desorbed into the system was more suited for partial pressure and sensitivity determinations

MANIFEST INSIGNIFICANCE - THE CONSECRATED VEIL OF MEDIEVAL RELIGIOUS WOMEN

(I regret that the visual material used when reading this paper cannot be included in these Proceedings, as many of the collections from which they come have severe restrictions in regard to reproduction. I have also excluded shelfmark references for individual manuscripts as some of them are previously unpublished.) The theme of this paper is part of my dissertation in medieval art history entitled The Dress of Monastic and Religious Women as Seen in Art from the Early Middle Ages to the Reformation . I would like to introduce some basic concepts relating to female monasticism before I focus on the nun\u27s black veil and the white one of other religious women and how they are represented in the visual arts. This humble textile, solemnly blessed at the nun\u27s consecration, functions in several ways: as textile object, social signifier and symbol. My richest primary sources are in the medieval illuminations of liturgical and secular manuscripts, in texts such as the Rules of the various Orders, the records from bishops\u27 visits to female convents, and in monastic documents such as wills and administrative records. In the later period, panel painting also offers valuable information. Other medieval art media, including textiles, funeral brasses, stone and wood sculpture and stained glass also contain details for interpretation. Until recently, and with exception for the important contributions by Lina Eckenstein (1895) and Eileen Power (1922),1 the secondary literature on women\u27s monasticism has been scant. But from the 1970\u27s with the emergence of Women\u27s Studies as an academic discipline, a number of works on medieval women religious have been published by scholars in various disciplines although none has focused on their textiles, dress and visual representations

Understanding the lived experiences of immigrants in the United States

When it comes to diversity research, immigrants have a long history of falling into an invisible group of people. This paper serves as an important first step into the vast amount of research that has yet to be done in regard to the lived experiences of immigrants that are legally living and working in the United States. Research for this project included open-ended, semi-structured individual interviews that took place with five immigrants. The participants immigrated to the U.S. on different visas, work in different industries, and are from different countries - thus allowing the interviews to reveal patterns of lived experiences of immigrants that are not based upon another minority trait, such as race or sex. Findings from this study include countless barriers, hoops, and complications that immigrants face and are forced to overcome in their everyday lives, that the everyday American Citizen would never even think about. This paper is a first step into the depth of information we as researchers have yet to uncover when it comes to this “invisible” group of people