MIGHTEE-\HI: Possible interactions with the galaxy NGC~895

The transformation and evolution of a galaxy is strongly influenced by interactions with its environment. Neutral hydrogen (\HI) is an excellent way to trace these interactions. Here, we present \HI\ observations of the spiral galaxy NGC~895, which was previously thought to be isolated. High-sensitivity \HI\ observations from the MeerKAT large survey project MIGHTEE reveal possible interaction features, such as extended spiral arms, and the two newly discovered \HI\ companions, that drive us to change the narrative that it is an isolated galaxy. We combine these observations with deep optical images from the Hyper Suprime Camera to show an absence of tidal debris between NGC 895 and its companions. We do find an excess of light in the outer parts of the companion galaxy MGTH$\_$J022138.1-052631 which could be an indication of external perturbation and thus possible sign of interactions. Our analysis shows that NGC~895 is an actively star-forming galaxy with a SFR of $\mathrm{1.75 \pm 0.09 [M_{\odot}/yr]}$, a value typical for high stellar mass galaxies on the star forming main sequence. It is reasonable to state that different mechanisms may have contributed to the observed features in NGC~895 and this emphasizes the need to revisit the target with more detailed observations. Our work shows the high potential and synergy of using state-of-the-art data in both \HI\ and optical to reveal a more complete picture of galaxy environments.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRA

MIGHTEE-H i: possible interactions with the galaxy NGC 895

The transformation and evolution of a galaxy is strongly influenced by interactions with its environment. Neutral hydrogen (H i) is an excellent way to trace these interactions. Here, we present H i observations of the spiral galaxy NGC 895, which was previously thought to be isolated. High-sensitivity H i observations from the MeerKAT large survey project MIGHTEE reveal possible interaction features, such as extended spiral arms and the two newly discovered H i companions, that drive us to change the narrative that it is an isolated galaxy. We combine these observations with deep optical images from the Hyper Suprime Camera to show an absence of tidal debris between NGC 895 and its companions. We do find an excess of light in the outer parts of the companion galaxy MGTH_J022138.1-052631, which could be an indication of external perturbation and thus possible sign of interactions. Our analysis shows that NGC 895 is an actively star-forming galaxy with a SFR of 1.75 ± 0.09[M⊙/yr], a value typical for high-stellar mass galaxies on the star-forming main sequence. It is reasonable to state that different mechanisms may have contributed to the observed features in NGC 895, and this emphasizes the need to revisit the target with more detailed observations. Our work shows the high potential and synergy of using state-of-the-art data in both H i and optical to reveal a more complete picture of galaxy environments

GHASP: an Hα\alpha kinematical survey of spiral galaxies - XIII. Distribution of luminous and dark matter in spiral and irregular nearby galaxies using Hα\alpha and HI rotation curves and WISE photometry

International audienceWe present the mass models of 31 spiral and irregular nearby galaxies obtained using hybrid rotation curves (RCs) combining high-resolution GHASP Fabry–Perot H α RCs and extended WHISP H i ones together with 3.4 |$\mu$|m WISE photometry. The aim is to compare the dark matter (DM) halo properties within the optical radius using only H α RCs with the effect of including and excluding the mass contribution of the neutral gas component, and when using H i or hybrid RCs. Pseudo-isothermal (ISO) core and Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) cuspy DM halo profiles are used with various fiducial fitting procedures. Mass models using H α RCs including or excluding the H i gas component provide compatible disc M/L. The correlations between DM halo and baryon parameters do not strongly depend on the RC. Clearly, the differences between the fitting procedures are larger than between the different data sets. Hybrid and H i RCs lead to higher M/L values for both ISO and NFW best-fitting models but lower central densities for ISO haloes and higher concentration for NFW haloes than when using H α RCs only. The agreement with the mass model parameters deduced using hybrid RCs, considered as a reference, is better for H i than for H α RCs. ISO density profiles better fit the RCs than the NFW ones, especially when using H α or hybrid RCs. Halo masses at the optical radius determined using the various data sets are compatible even if they tend to be overestimated with H α RCs. Hybrid RCs are thus ideal to study the mass distribution within the optical radius

Resultats preliminaires de la plastie du ligament croise anterieur par la technique de DIDT a l’endobouton : Preliminary results of the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament by the DIDT technique with the endobutton

Introduction : La présente étude a été initiée devant l’évolution favorable post opératoire des quelques patients opérés pour une ligamentoplastie du LCA. Son but était de décrire les résultats à court terme de l’utilisation de l’endobouton au cours de la plastie du LCA par la technique du DIDT.Patients et méthodes : Il s’est agi d’une étude transversale à collecte de données prospective qui s’est déroulé du 1er janvier 2018 au 28 février 2020 (26 mois) dans le service d’orthopédie – traumatologie du centre hospitalier intercommunal de Villeneuve Saint – Georges (France).Résultats : vingt-neuf patients ont été colligés. Le recul moyen était de 11,3 mois. A la radiographie du genou de suivi postopératoire, l’indice moyen d’Aglietti était de 36,5% ± 7,3 au niveau tibial et de 63,1% ± 3,3 au fémoral. Le score moyen global de Lysholm était de 89,03 ± 8,9. Le résultat fonctionnel global était satisfaisant. Les résultats étaient bons et excellents dans 72,4% des cas. Les résultats moins bons observés étaient imputables à l’existence initiale des lésions méniscales associées à la rupture du ligament croisé antérieur (Khi2= 0,01).Conclusion : Les résultats thérapeutiques de nos patients sont satisfaisants. Ils témoignent de la pertinence de la technique opératoire. Introduction : The present study was initiated in view of the favorable postoperative evolution of the few patients operated for ACL ligamentoplasty. Its aim was to describe the short-term results of using the endobutton during ACL reconstruction using the DIDT technique.Patients and methods: This was a cross-sectional study with prospective data collection which took place from January 1, 2018 to February 28, 2020 (26 months) in the orthopedic-traumatology department of the Villeneuve intercommunal hospital center Saint-Georges (France).Results: twenty-nine patients were collected. The mean follow-up was 11.3 months. On the postoperative follow-up knee X-ray, the average Aglietti index was 36.5% ± 7.3 at the tibial level and 63.1% ± 3.3 at the femoral level. The overall mean Lysholm score was 89.03 ± 8.9. The overall functional result was satisfactory. The results were good and excellent in 72.4% of cases. The poorer results observed were attributable to the initial existence of meniscal lesions associated with the rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (Khi2= 0.01).Conclusion: The therapeutic results of our patients are satisfactory. They testify to the relevance of the operative technique

Résultats de l’ostéosynthèse par haubanage des fractures de la patella au Centre hospitalier universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo (CHU-YO)

L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer les résultats anatomiques et fonctionnels de l’ostéosynthèse par haubanage des fractures de la patella au CHU-YO. Nous avons mené une étude transversale à visée descriptive sur une période de 7 mois dans le service d’Orthopédie-Traumatologie du CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo. Les patients présentant une fracture de la patella opérée par haubanage ont été inclus dans l’étude. Quatorze (14) patients dont 13 hommes et une femme, ont été opérés. Leur âge moyen était de 33 ans. La technique d’ostéosynthèse par haubanage a été pratiquée chez tous les patients. Les suites opératoires immédiates étaient simples chez tous nos patients. Le délai de consolidation était de 3 mois chez 13 patients. Les principales complications étaient constituées par un retard de consolidation après un déplacement secondaire associée à une raideur du genou. Un patient a consolidé en cal vicieux. Nos résultats fonctionnels étaient très bons chez 11 patients, moyen chez 1 patient et mauvais dans 2 cas. Le haubanage des fractures de la patella est simple, rapide et fiable ; pratiqué avec rigueur, il permet d’obtenir de très bons résultats lorsque la prise en charge de la fracture est précoce.Mots-clés : Patella, fracture, traitement, haubanage, consolidation, résultats

Luxation obturatrice negligee de hanche a propos d’un cas et revue de la litterature

Nous rapportons un cas de luxation obturatrice de hanche ancienne de 15 mois chez unadulte dont la prise en charge a été faite par une arthroplastie totale de hanche. Latechnique opératoire ayant nécessité une section in situ du col fémoral a donnéd’excellents résultats. Les auteurs attirent l’attention sur cette lésion rare dont la formeancienne présente des difficultés thérapeutiques.Mots clés : luxation antérieure de hanche négligée, foramen obturateur, prothèse totalede hanche

‘Grandmother, aren’t you going to sing for us?’ Current childcare practices and caregivers’ perceptions of and receptivity to early childhood development activities in rural Burkina Faso

Introduction Effective stimulation and responsive caregiving during the first 2 years is crucial for children’s development. By age 3–4 years, over 40% of children in sub-Saharan Africa fail to meet basic cognitive or socioemotional milestones, but there are limited data on parenting and childcare practices. This study, conducted to inform the design of a mass media intervention, explored practices, perceptions, motivators and obstacles to childhood development-related practices among parents and caregivers of children aged 0–2 years in rural Burkina Faso. Methods We performed two rounds of six focus groups with 41 informants in two villages, using an adapted version of the Trials of Improved Practices methodology. These first explored beliefs and practices, then introduced participants to the principles and benefits of early childhood development (ECD) and provided illustrative examples of three practices (interactive ways of talking, playing and praising) to try with their children. One week later, further discussions explored participants’ experiences and reactions. Data were analysed inductively using thematic content analysis. Results Existing activities with young children were predominantly instructive with limited responsive interaction and stimulation. Participants were receptive to the practices introduced, noted positive changes in their children when they adopted these practices and found engagement with children personally rewarding. Conclusion Interactive, stimulating activities with young children did not appear to be widespread in the study area, but caregivers were receptive to information about the importance of early stimulation for children’s development. ECD messages should be tailored to the local sociocultural context and consider time limitations.</p

Scarification traditionnelle, tumeurs royales surinfectees et chirurgie, dans Ia maladie de Von Recklinghausen : A propos de deux cas a Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

L'exerese chirurgicale est indiquee dans la tumeur royale, surtout dans certains cas selectionnes ou les complications des lesions cutanees, muqueuses et viscerales entravent le pronostic fonctionnel et meme vital des patients. Elle est rare mais de pratique ancienne et n' accroit pas le risque de degenerescence maligne. 11 s'agissait d'une etude retrospective incluant les cas de tumeurs royales  surinfectees par des scarifications traditionnelles et admis dans le service de chirurgie generale et digestive entre 2012 et 2014. Pour chaque cas, nous nous sommes inreresses aux aspects cliniques et aux modalires therapeutiques. Les auteurs rapportent deux cas de tumeur royale necrotique chez deux femmes ayant consulte au CHU Yalagado Ouedraogo. Elles etaient agees de 60 et 62 ans. La scarification et I' application de produit traditionnel ont ete le point de depart des surinfections. La tumeur siegeait au niveau de la region hypogastrique pour la 1"' et au niveau de la region crurale droite pour la 2e. Elle etait surinfectee, nauseabonde et handicapante chez ces deux patientes qui presentaient en outre, chacune des nodules dissemines a tout le corps, evoluant depuis plusieurs annees. Une exerese chirurgicale de la masse a ete realisee en urgence et a permis d'ameliorer la qualire de vie et le pronostic fonctionnel des deux patientes. Meme si elle n'est que palliative, le benefice de la chirurgie est reel sur le pl an fonctionnel, psychologique et esthetique surtout devant des tumeurs royales infectees. Elle permet d' ameliorer la qualite de la vie et de restaurer 1' autonomie des malades. La sensibilisation contre la scarification eviterait la surinfection.Mots-cles : tumeur royale, Recklinghausen, scarification, chirurgie.Traditional scarification, superinfected royal tumors and surgery in the Von Recklinghausen disease: two cases report in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)Surgical resection is indicated in cases of royal tumor; especially in selected cases where complications from skin, mucous membranes and visceral lesions hinder the functional and vital prognosis of patients. It is rare and an ancient practice; surgical resection does not increase the risk of malignant degeneration. We report two cases of royal necrotic tumor from women seen at the Yalagado Ouedraogo University  Hospital. They were aged 60 and 62 years. Scarification and application of  traditional products were the starting point of the infections. The tumor was located in the hypogastric region for the first patient and at the right leg for the second. The tumors were superinfected, nauseating and debilitating. These two patients had also nodules scattered throughout the body, which lasted for several years. Surgical resection of the mass was performed in emergency and improved the quality of life and functional outcomes of the two patients. Although it is only palliative, the benefits of the surgery are appreciated at the functional, psychological and  aestheticallevel, especially in the case of royal infected tumors. It improves the quality of life and restores the patients' autonomy. Awareness campaign against scarification would avoid superinfections. Keywords: Royal tumor, superinfection, Recklinghausen, scarification, surgery

The Phantom Dark Matter Halos of the Local Volume in the Context of Modified Newtonian Dynamics

International audienceWe explore the predictions of Milgromian gravity (MOND) in the local universe by considering the distribution of the “phantom” dark matter (PDM) that would source the MOND gravitational field in Newtonian gravity, allowing an easy comparison with the dark matter framework. For this, we specifically deal with the quasi-linear version of MOND (QUMOND). We compute the “stellar-to-(phantom)halo mass relation” (SHMR), a monotonically increasing power law resembling the SHMR observationally deduced from spiral galaxy rotation curves in the Newtonian context. We show that the gas-to-(phantom)halo mass relation is flat. We generate a map of the Local Volume in QUMOND, highlighting the important influence of distant galaxy clusters, in particular Virgo. This allows us to explore the scatter of the SHMR and the average density of PDM around galaxies in the Local Volume, Ω$_{PDM}$ ≈ 0.1, below the average cold dark matter density in a ΛCDM universe. We provide a model of the Milky Way in its external field in the MOND context, which we compare to an observational estimate of the escape velocity curve. Finally, we highlight the peculiar features related to the external field effect in the form of negative PDM density zones in the outskirts of each galaxy, and test a new analytic formula for computing galaxy rotation curves in the presence of an external field in QUMOND. While we show that the negative PDM density zones would be difficult to detect dynamically, we quantify the weak-lensing signal they could produce for lenses at z ∼ 0.3