Role of spatial coherence in polarization tomography

We analyze an experimental setup in which a quasi-monochromatic spatially coherent beam of light is used to probe a paraxial optical scatterer. We discuss the effect of the spatial coherence of the probe beam on the Mueller matrix representing the scatterer. We show that according to the degree of spatial coherence of the beam, the \emph{same} scattering system can be represented by \emph{different} Mueller matrices. This result should serve as a warning for experimentalists.Comment: 3 pages, 1 figur

Disinfection of water in swimming pools by combined action of UV-light and ozone

Disinfection of water in swimming pools by combined action of UV-light and ozone / 258st American Chemical Society National Meeting and Exposition «Division of Environmental Chemistry», august 25-29, 2019, San Diego, CA. ENVR 394.P.5

Research of Influence Modification of Natural Concentrate on Quality Metal

Questions of increase of mechanical, technological and service properties of metal at minimum cost to produce it are relevant for the metallurgical enterprises. Modification of complex steel alloys containing reactive elements is one of the effective ways to improve the quality of steel. At the same time the direct costs for the use of modifiers are 0.2-0.3%, which little effect on the cost of production. The paper presents the results of the application of natural concentrates as a modifier steel. The effects on the metal quality changes due to the impact of the modification concentrates demonstrate the effectiveness of their application. As a result of modification decreased the content of nonmetallic inclusions and grain size. Reduction of impurity modified metal of was the cause more high plastic properties, especially, impact strength at ordinary and low temperatures of tests. Based on the experimental data evaluated hardening mechanisms that lead to a significant improvement of physic-mechanical properties of the metal workpiece after administration modifier

Development of Nuclear Microsatellites for the Arcto-Tertiary Tree Zelkova carpinifolia (Ulmaceae) Using 454 Pyrosequencing

Premise of the study: The current study aimed at developing nuclear microsatellite markers for the relict tree species Zelkova carpinifolia, which is threatened in its natural range in the South Caucasus. Methods and Results: Pyrosequencing of an enriched microsatellite library on the Roche FLX platform using the 454 Titanium kit produced 86,058 sequence reads, most of which contained short tandem repeats. Eighty microsatellite loci identified using the software package QDD version 1 were selected and tested for proper PCR amplification. Of these, 13 allowed proper amplification and were shown to be polymorphic among a sample of 25 Z. carpinifolia specimens from various geographic origins. Conclusions: The set of microsatellite markers will be suitable for the assessment of genetic diversity in Z. carpinifolia. They will allow for an examination of phylogeographic patterns as well as of population structure and gene flow within this species

Complex radiation-thermal history of Kaidun meteorite on data of track study of silicate minerals

The results of track study of approximately 80 individual silicate mineral crystals (ol, px, plag) picked out from Kaidun meteorite are presented. A wide range of observed rho(sub VH) value distributions indicate the complex irradiation history of Kaidun minerals. In one anortite crystal having two track groups with different parameters the pre-accretion irradiation traces were observed in all probability

Imperfection of the system of the etalons attestation system

Рассмотрены основные проблемы, возникающие на пути к утверждению эталоновExamined of main problems arising on the way to confirmation of etalon

Organization of learning process and development of programmes for special education needs students in inclusive education in Russia

© 2016 Biktagirova & Korotkova.The article deals with the timeliness and importance of the organization of the basic conditions for the organization of the learning process and the development of the special education needs of inclusive education programs in higher education in Russia. The article discusses the role of inclusive education, revealed the components of the educational environment for visually impaired students: special aspects of architectural mechanisms of environmental protection, the technical organization of the learning process for students with visual impairments. Disclosed the problem of adaptation of the educational program for students with disabilities, psychological support and psychological pedagogical support of students in difficulty learning and life situations. The article substantiates the need for the development of different forms of educational programs and adaptive educational modules (subjects) including higher education requires changes in the conditions of educational institutions and focus on the needs of each student

Экологически безопасный сорбент из золошлаковых отходов теплоэнергетики

Objectives. To determine the physical and chemical properties (bulk density, ash content, total pore volume, abrasion, humidity, sorption capacity) of sorbent based on ash-and-slag waste from heat power engineering, calcined and modified with a Tiprom K organosilicon water repellent.Methods. The physicochemical properties of the modified sorbent were determined using an experimental method according to the methods of regulatory documents on equipment verified and certified in the prescribed manner.Results. Ash and slag taken from the ash dump of the Novocherkasskaya GRES power station were dried, then calcined at a temperature of 600 °C for 30 min and modified with a Silor hydrophobizing silicon-containing liquid (HSL). The modifier/ash ratios (by weight) were 1:20, 1:10, 1:5, 1:3, and 1:2. The optimal ratio was 1:5 at a sorption capacity with respect to hexane of 0.86 g/g. The modification temperature was optimized in the temperature range of 110–200 °C. The optimal approach it to dry samples at 160 °C to constant weight. At a temperature of 200 °C, sintering of the material was observed. The analysis of HSL modifiers was carried out in terms of the price/sorption properties ratio. The following were considered as HSL: Silor, HSL-11BSP, HSL 136-157M, PROFILUX, Tiprom K, Tiprom U. The optimal modifier Tiprom K was selected. The physicochemical properties of the modified sorbent obtained at a ratio of 1:5 (by weight) and dried at 160 °C were experimentally determined. The sorption properties were studied on the water surface with respect to various oil products: fuel oil, kerosene, AI-92 gasoline, nefras, oil sludge, and n-hexane. The smallest sorption capacity was obtained with respect to n-hexane, amounting to 0.86 g/g. During the experiment, it was found that half of the sorption capacity was filled with oil in the first minutes of contact. Complete sorption time was 30–40 min for relatively light hydrocarbons (n-hexane, AI-92 gasoline, kerosene, nefras), 40–60 min for oil sludge, and more than 60 min for fuel oil. Experiments established that the sorption process does not depend on the matrix (salinity) of water. A visual assessment of the color intensity of the residual spot of oil sludge allowed a conclusion to be made about a significant content of oil products in the case of sorption of oil sludge by quartz sand based on the residual yellow layer of oil sludge. In the case of sorption of oil sludge by calcined and modified sorbents, the residual oil products were insignificant. A comparative analysis of data on the effectiveness of the developed sorbent and currently available analogues based on sludge and slag is presented.Conclusions. The next physicochemical properties of the sorbent modified with HSL Tiprom K were determined: bulk density was 0.621 g/mL, ash content was 97.1%, total pore volume by water was less than 0.05 mL/g, attrition was 8.8%, humidity was less than 0.5%; sorption capacity, in g/g: for n-hexane, 0.86; for AI-92 gasoline, 0.89; for nefras, 0.93; for kerosene, 0.99; for oil sludge, 1.18; for fuel oil, 1.46. The efficiency of cleaning a solid surface from oil sludge with a calcined sorbent was 97%, and with a modified sorbent 95%. The modified sorbent has high buoyancy when saturated with oil products and the ability to retain them for a long time.Цели. Определение физико-химических свойств (насыпной плотности, зольности, суммарного объема пор, истираемости, влажности, сорбционной емкости) сорбента на основе золошлаковых отходов теплоэнергетики, прокаленного и модифицированного кремнийорганическим гидрофобизатором Типром К.Методы. Физико-химические свойства модифицированного сорбента определены экспериментальным методом по методикам нормативных документов на оборудовании, поверенном и аттестованном в установленном порядке.Результаты. Золошлак, отобранный на золоотвале Новочеркасской ГРЭС, высушен, прокален при температуре 600 °С в течение 30 мин и модифицирован гидрофобизирующей кремнийсодержащей жидкостью (ГКЖ) марки Силор. Исследованы соотношения модификант/зола (по массе) 1:20, 1:10, 1:5, 1:3, 1:2. Оптимальным принято соотношение 1:5 при сорбционной емкости по отношению к н-гексану 0.86 г/г. Проведена оптимизация температуры модификации в интервале температур 110–200 °С. Наиболее оптимальным является высушивание образцов при 160 °С до постоянной массы. При температуре 200 °С наблюдалось спекание материала. Выполнен анализ модификаторов ГКЖ по соотношению цена/сорбционные свойства. В качестве ГКЖ рассмотрены марки: Силор, ГКЖ-11БСП, ГКЖ 136-157М, PROFILUX, Типром К, Типром У. Выбран оптимальный модификатор марки Типром К. Экспериментально определены физико-химические свойства модифицированного сорбента, полученного при соотношении 1:5 (по массе) и высушенного при 160 °С. Изучены его сорбционные свойства на водной поверхности по отношению к различным нефтепродуктам: мазуту, керосину, бензину марки АИ-92, нефрасу, нефтешламу и н-гексану. Наименьшая сорбционная емкость получена по отношению к н-гексану, которая составила 0.86 г/г. В ходе эксперимента установлено, что половина величины сорбционной емкости заполнена нефтепродуктом в первые минуты контакта. Время полной сорбции составило 30–40 мин для относительно легких углеводородов (н-гексан, бензин АИ-92, керосин, нефрас), 40–60 мин для нефтешлама и более 60 мин для мазута. Экспериментально выявлено, что процесс сорбции не зависит от матрицы (солености) воды. При визуальной оценке по интенсивности окраски остаточного пятна нефтешлама сделан вывод о значительном содержании нефтепродуктов в случае сорбции нефтешлама кварцевым песком на основе остаточного желтого слоя нефтешлама. В случае сорбции нефтешлама прокаленным и модифицированным сорбентами остаточные нефтепродукты незначительны. Приведен сравнительный анализ данных по эффективности разработанного сорбента и имеющихся в настоящее время аналогов на основе шламов и шлаков.Выводы. Определены физико-химические свойства сорбента, модифицированного ГКЖ Типром К: насыпная плотность 0.621 г/см3, зольность 97.1%, суммарный объем пор по воде менее 0.05 см3/г, истираемость 8.8%, влажность менее 0.5%; сорбционная емкость, в г/г: по н-гексану 0.86, по бензину АИ-92 0.89, по нефрасу 0.93, по керосину 0.99, по нефтешламу 1.18, по мазуту 1.46. Эффективность очистки твердой поверхности от нефтешлама прокаленным сорбентом составила 97%, а модифицированным – 95%. Модифицированный сорбент обладает высокой плавучестью при насыщении нефтепродуктами и способностью их длительного удержания

Fluorescence Analysis of E. coli Bacteria in Water

The fluorescence analysis of Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria was done. It has been established that a luminescent signal from the one of metabolites (reduction form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH) can be adopted as a vitality indicator of the bacteria. This signal was chosen as an analytical signal. It was determined that the nature of this signal is fluorescence. In order to eliminate influence of the light scattering on this fluorescence signal optimal conditions were chosen