Influence of temperature on accuracy of height connection measurement

The purpose of depth measurement is to bring the altitude from the surface to the connected horizon (level) by means of a vertical mine. Points, for which the height is determined in this way, are part of the fundamental mining vertical control, and their height should therefore be determined as accurately as possible. There are several ways of this measurement and the temperature has influence on accuracy of each of them. The paper is dedicated to evaluation of influence of temperature, applying results of height connection measurement carried out at Karvina mine. Two measurements were performed in ČSA 2 shaft and the other in shaft Mir 5 of Darkov mine in Ostrava-Karvina Coal District, CZE. Height connection measurement by a vertical mining work was done in two ways: using the depth tape and using the electro-optical distance meter

Multipath and its manifestations in the real environment of geodetic practice

The paper is concerned with the negative manifestation of the multipath factor in application of the GNSS technology. It points to manifestations of the multipath effect in a specific situation of surveying practice. The evaluation is based on a model situation under intentionally deteriorated observational conditions by the presence of a building

Post-collisional Tertiary–Quaternary mafic alkalic magmatism in the Carpathian–Pannonian region: a review

Mafic alkalic volcanism was widespread in the Carpathian–Pannonian region (CPR) between 11 and 0.2 Ma. It followed the Miocene continental collision of the Alcapa and Tisia blocks with the European plate, as subduction-related calc-alkaline magmatism was waning. Several groups of mafic alkalic rocks from different regions within the CPR have been distinguished on the basis of ages and/or trace-element compositions. Their trace element and Sr–Nd–Pb isotope systematics are consistent with derivation from complex mantle-source regions, which included both depleted asthenosphere and metasomatized lithosphere. The mixing of DMM-HIMU-EMII mantle components within asthenosphere-derived magmas indicates variable contamination of the shallow asthenosphere and/or thermal boundary layer of the lithosphere by a HIMU-like component prior to and following the introduction of subduction components. Various mantle sources have been identified: Lower lithospheric mantle modified by several ancient asthenospheric enrichments (source A); Young asthenospheric plumes with OIB-like trace element signatures that are either isotopically enriched (source B) or variably depleted (source C); Old upper asthenosphere heterogeneously contaminated by DM-HIMU-EMII-EMI components and slightly influenced by Miocene subduction-related enrichment (source D); Old upper asthenosphere heterogeneously contaminated by DM-HIMU-EMII components and significantly influenced by Miocene subduction-related enrichment (source E). Melt generation was initiated either by: (i) finger-like young asthenospheric plumes rising to and heating up the base of the lithosphere (below the Alcapa block), or (ii) decompressional melting of old asthenosphere upwelling to replace any lower lithosphere or heating and melting former subducted slabs (the Tisia block)

Didactic Use of Information and Communication Technology in English Language Teaching in the 1st and 2nd Triad

Tehnologija je vedno bolj prisotna v naših življenjih, njena uporaba pa se v zadnjem času hitro pomika tudi v izobraževalne institucije. Uporaba IKT je za učence zanimiva, visoko motivacijska, dostopna in učenje tujega jezika prenese izven učilnice v njihov vsakdan. Tudi učiteljem uporaba tehnologije lahko olajša poučevanje, saj omogoča dostop do številnih gradiv in aktivnosti, večjo izpostavljenost angleščini in vpeljavo inovativnih učnih pristopov za uspešno poučevanje tujega jezika. Za uspešno vključevanje IKT in njeno uporabo pri pouku morajo učitelji imeti dobro razvite digitalne kompetence, zato je pomembno, da kot učitelji stremimo k dobrim primerom praks uporabe IKT, praktičnim izobraževanjem in se samoiniciativno učimo o novih pedagoških pristopih. V magistrskem delu smo zato raziskovali, kako razširjena je uporaba IKT pri poučevanju angleščine v prvem in drugem vzgojno-izobraževalnem obdobju. Želeli smo ugotoviti, kako pogosto učitelji v pouk vključujejo IKT, na kakšen način jo vključujejo, v katerem delu učnega procesa jo uporabljajo, katere medije, orodja in gradiva najpogosteje uporabljajo, s katerim namenom vključujejo IKT, kako usposobljene se čutijo za poučevanje z IKT, katere kriterije upoštevajo ob izbiri oblik IKT in katere jezikovne zmožnosti najpogosteje razvijajo s pomočjo IKT. Mnenja in stališča učiteljev smo raziskovali s kvantitativno raziskavo. Ugotovili smo, da učitelji IKT uporabljajo pogosto, in sicer najpogosteje v etapi obravnave nove učne snovi, prav tako pri predstavitvi in obravnavi učne snovi. Najpogosteje pri svojem delu uporabljajo računalnik in LCD-projektor, spletne strani, orodja za izdelavo in urejanje prosojnic, zvočna gradiva, videoposnetke in e-učbenike oziroma e-delovne zvezke. Kot glavne razloge za uporabo IKT učitelji naštevajo boljšo izpostavljenost raznolikosti angleščine, višjo motiviranost učencev za delo in lažji dostop do raznolikih aktivnosti in dejavnosti. Ugotovili smo, da se učitelji za delo z IKT čutijo kompetentne oziroma srednje kompetentne ter da si za delo z IKT želijo več podpore. Najpogostejše težave, s katerimi se srečujejo, so večja poraba časa za pripravo na uro, neprilagojenost digitalnih gradiv in pomanjkanje naprav. Učitelji kot glavne kriterije za izbiro IKT naštevajo brezplačen dostop, lastno usposobljenost za delo z izbrano tehnologijo in lahko uporabo medija, orodja oziroma gradiva. Ugotovili smo tudi, da učitelji z IKT najpogosteje razvijajo poslušanje in slušno razumevanje. Z magistrskim delom želimo učitelje in bodoče učitelje angleščine spodbuditi k aktivni rabi IKT pri poučevanju tujega jezika. Rezultati raziskave bodo pripomogli k nadaljnjemu razvoju didaktike angleščine oziroma prilagoditvi izobraževanj za učitelje na razredni stopnji na področju vključevanja in uporabe IKT.Technology is becoming increasingly present in our lives and its use is rapidly emerging in educational institutions as well. The use of ICT is interesting, highly motivating, accessible to students and it extends language learning beyond the classroom into their everyday lives. The use of technology is also beneficial for teachers – it can assist their instructions, provide access to numerous materials and activities, increase exposure to English language, and introduce innovative teaching approaches for successful language teaching and learning. However, to successfully integrate ICT in the classroom, the teachers need to have well-developed digital competences. Therefore, it is important for the teachers to strive for good examples of ICT use, engage in practical trainings and proactively learn about new pedagogical approaches. In this master\u27s thesis we investigated the extent of ICT use in English teaching and learning in the first and second cycle of primary school. We aimed to determine how often teachers include ICT in their lessons, the methods they use to include it, the stages of the educational process where it is incorporated, the most used media, tools and materials, and the main purposes of integrating ICT. We were also interested in the teachers\u27 digital competences level, the criteria they consider when selecting suitable ICT, and the language skills they most frequently develop using ICT. The teachers\u27 opinions and perspectives were conducted by a quantitative research study. We found that teachers frequently use ICT, most commonly during the stage of introducing new learning content and during presentation of the content. The most used devices, tools and materials in their work are computers and LCD-projectors, websites, tools for creating and editing slides, audio materials, videos, e-textbooks, and e-workbooks. The main reasons for using ICT are higher exposure to the diversity of English, higher motivation, and easier access to a variety of activities, according to the teachers. We also discovered that teachers feel competent or moderately competent in working with ICT and desire more support. The most common challenges they face are spending more time preparing for lessons, lack of adapted digital materials, and a shortage of devices. Teachers list free access, their own proficiency and ease of use as the main criteria for choosing ICT. We also found that teachers most frequently develop listening comprehension skills using ICT. With this master\u27s thesis we aim to encourage English teachers and future English teachers to actively use ICT in their language teaching. The research results will contribute to the further development of English didactics and the adaptation of teacher education at the primary level regarding the integration and use of ICT

The Complexity of Reachability Problems for Flat Counter Machines with Periodic Loops

International audienceThis paper proves the NP-completeness of the reachability problem for the class of flat counter machines with difference bounds and, more generally, octagonal relations, labeling the transitions on the loops. The proof is based on the fact that the sequence of powers {R n } ∞ n=0 of such relations can be encoded as a periodic sequence of matrices, and that both the prefix and the period of this sequence are simply exponential in the size of the binary representation of a relation R. This result allows to characterize the complexity of the reachability problem for one of the most studied class of counter machines [6, 10], and has a potential impact on other problems in program verification

Deciding Conditional Termination

International audienceThis paper addresses the problem of conditional termination, which is that of defining the set of initial configurations from which a given program terminates. First we define the dual set, of initial configurations, from which a non-terminating execution exists, as the greatest fixpoint of the pre-image of the transition relation. This definition enables the representation of this set, whenever the closed form of the relation of the loop is definable in a logic that has quanti-fier elimination. This entails the decidability of the termination problem for such loops. Second, we present effective ways to compute the weakest precondition for non-termination for difference bounds and octagonal (non-deterministic) relations , by avoiding complex quantifier eliminations. We also investigate the existence of linear ranking functions for such loops. Finally, we study the class of linear affine relations and give a method of under-approximating the termination precondition for a non-trivial subclass of affine relations. We have performed preliminary experiments on transition systems modeling real-life systems, and have obtained encouraging results

Age constraints on the Pre-Variscan and Variscan thermal events in the Kamieniec Ząbkowicki Metamorphic belt (the Fore-Sudetic Block, SW Poland)

The Kamieniec Ząbkowicki Metamorphic Belt (KZMB) is a narrow zone of mainly mica schists, subordinate acid metavolcanics and scarce eclogites, sandwiched between Brunovistulia and the northern tip of the Teplá-Barrandia microplates. Locally occurring high-pressure relics indicate subduction of the metasedimentary succession of the KZMB, the origin and provenance of which remain unclear. Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) investigations of detrital zircons show that the metapelites represent an Ediacaran-Cambrian sedimentary basin, with a maximum depositional age of 561±9 Ma. This basin was filled with detritus from a source or sources, composed of rocks containing zircons that are mainly Cryogenian-Ediacaran and Palaeoproterozoic in age. No younger component was found in the zircon population studied. The isotopic U-Pb LA-ICP-MS and chemical U-Th-total Pb electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) monazite geochronology data indicate an important regional tectono-metamorphic event at ca. 330 Ma. Though these data do not permit determination of the peak pressure from the peak temperature stages, the event was part of a complex collision of the Saxothuringian plate with Brunovistulia