Some sequence spaces defined in n - normed spaces

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Bu tez çalışması beş bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde, bazı temel tanım ve teoremler verildi. İkinci bölümde, 2-norm ve n-norm kavramları ile ilgili bazı temel tanım ve teoremler verildi. İkinci bölümün bir kısmı, üçüncü bölüm ve dördüncü bölümler bu tezin orijinal kısmını oluşturmaktadır. Üçüncü bölümde 2-normlu uzaylarla ilgili kısımlar bulunurken üçüncü bölümde n-normlu uzaylarla ilgili çalışmalar yer almaktadır. Üçüncü bölümde, iki alt başlık yer almaktadır. Bu bölümün ilk kısmında, yeni bir genelleştirilmiş fark matrisi tanımlanarak 2-normlu uzayda bazı -fark istatistiksel yakınsak dizi uzayları tanıtıldı ve bazı topolojik özellikleri incelendi. Aynı bölümün ikinci kısmında ise, Riesz ortalama ile türetilen bazı yeni dizi uzayları tanıtıldı. Ayrıca, ağırlıklı hemen hemen istatistiksel yakınsaklık ve -istatistiksel yakınsaklık kavramları tanıtılarak bu kavramlar arasındaki ilişki incelendi. Dördüncü bölümün ilk kısmında, Lacunary dizisi ve Riesz ortalaması tanımları birleştirilerek n-normlu uzayda ağırlıklı hemen hemen lacunary istatistiksel yakınsaklık olarak adlandırılan yeni bir kavram tanıtıldı. Bu yeni kavramla hemen hemen lacunary istatistiksel yakınsaklık ve ağırlıklı hemen hemen istatiksel yakınsaklık arasındaki ilişki incelendi. Dördüncü bölümün ikinci kısmında, bir sonsuz matris, Orlicz fonksiyonu ve genelleştirilmiş B-fark matrisi kullanılarak bazı dizi uzayları tanıtıldı. Son kısmında ise reel lineer n-normlu uzayında Orlicz fonksiyonu yardımıyla, lacunary dizisi içeren bazı dizi uzayları tanıtılarak bu dizi uzaylarının bazı topolojik özellikleri incelendi. Son bölümde ise elde edilen temel sonuçlar özetlendi.This thesis contains five chapters. In the first chapter, some basic definitions and theorems are given. In the second chapter, some fundamental definitions and theorems related to the concepts of 2-normed space and n-normed space, are given. A part of the second chapter, the third and fourth chapters are original parts of this study. The third chapter is related to the concept of 2-normed space while the studies related with n-normed space are located in the fourth chapter. The third chapter consists of two parts. In the first part of this chapter, a new generalized difference matrix is defined and some -difference statistically convergent sequence spaces in 2-normed space are introduced. In the second part of it, some new sequence spaces derived by Riesz mean are introduced. Further, new concepts of statistical convergence which will be called weighted almost statistical convergence, -statistical convergence in 2-normed space, are defined and some relations between them are investigated. There are three parts in the fourth chapter. In the first part of it, we obtain a new concept of statistical convergence which will be called weighted almost lacunary statistical convergence in n-normed space by combining both of the definitions of lacunary sequence and Riesz mean. We examine some connections between this notion with the concept of almost lacunary statistical convergence and weighted almost statistical convergence, where the base space is a real n-normed space. In the second part of this chapter, some new sequence spaces associated with multiplier sequence by using an infinite matrix, an Orlicz function and generalized -difference operator on a real n-normed space are introduced. In the last part of it, some sequence spaces, involving lacunary sequence, in a real linear n-normed space are introduced. In the last section of this thesis, the main results, which were obtained, are summarized

Adhesion and material transfer between aluminum and surfaces coated with diamond-like carbon and other coatings.

Adhesion and transfer of aluminum to the surfaces of tool coatings that are potential candidates for dry machining of Al-Si alloys were investigated. First, 319 Al alloy pins were tested against various industrial coatings (CrN, TiB2, TiAlN, TiN, and TiCN) using a pin-on-disc tribometer. The analyzed Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of the wear tracks were used to rank the coatings according to the amount of Al transferred on their surfaces. In general, the TiB2 and TiCN coatings exhibited the least amount of Al transfer on their surfaces compared to the other coatings. Second, the tribological behaviour of the diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings against Al was investigated since aluminum has much lower tendency to adhere to DLC in ambient air compared to other hard coatings tested. Magnetron sputtered non hydrogenated DLC coatings were tested against 319 Al, tungsten carbide (WC) and sapphire (Al20O3) at 120, 300 and 400°C and under various test atmospheres including air (0-85% RH), vacuum, inert gases (Ar, He and N2) and 40% H2-60% He. Although much softer than WC and Al2O3, 319 Al alloy inflicted the most severe wear of non-hydrogenated DLC especially at elevated temperatures. Non-hydrogenated DLC coatings showed high coefficient of friction, (COF), (0.45-0.75) and high wear rates in inert gases and vacuum compared to ambient air (COF= 0.09-0.16). Very low COF values (0.01-0.02) were observed in 40% H2-60% He mixture. The low COF values in ambient air and in 40% H2-60% He mixture were associated with formation of carbonaceous transfer layers on counterfaces. Formation of easy-to-shear transfer layer together with adsorption and dissociation of the atmospheric water on the sliding surfaces were suggested as the possible mechanisms that minimize COF in ambient air. To elucidate the effect of material properties on adhesion, 1100 Al, Cu, and Ti were tested against CrN, non-hydrogenated DLC, and TiB2 coatings in ambient air and argon. Cu exhibited the least amount of transfer to all three coatings. Chemical affinity towards the counterface, yield strength, and thermal conductivity were found as the most critical properties that determine adhesion and transfer between a given material pair during dry sliding contact.Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis2005 .K66. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-11, Section: B, page: 6214. Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 2005

Law and Nonlegal Norms in Government Lawyers\u27 Ethics: Discretion Meets Legitimacy

This Essay is about the role of unwritten norms in the ethical decisionmaking of government lawyers. Because the ethical obligations of lawyers, including government lawyers, are closely tied to the legal rights and obligations of clients, this analysis necessarily depends on understanding the relationship between written law and unwritten norms. As we all know, however, written law leaves gaps, ambiguities, and zones of unregulated discretion. Prosecutors in the United States, for example, have virtually unreviewable discretion to decide who to investigate and charge, what charges to bring, and whether to offer immunity in exchange for cooperation. No one has a legal entitlement not to be prosecuted, nor does anyone else—official or private citizen—have the power to compel a prosecutor to bring charges. The president possesses nearly unconstrained discretion to grant clemency to people convicted of criminal offenses. The impeachment power of Congress is constrained only by the Constitution’s requirement that the president be charged with certain enumerated offenses, including the open-ended phrase “high Crimes and Misdemeanors.” In other areas, a government official may possess the legal authority to do something but may nevertheless be criticized for exercising that authority contrary to standards that are not reducible to positive law. The question is, what standards, norms, or ethical values, if any, constrain the actions of lawyers advising government officials who exercise their power within discretionary unwritten areas of the law? In other words, is there a type of official discretion that is distinguishable from the exercise of raw power or whimsical decision-making, despite being unconstrained by positive law? If so, what is its relationship to positive law and its claim to legitimate authority

ANALYSIS OF STUDENT SELECTION FOR SPORT SCIENCES FACULTIES: THE CASE OF SIVAS REPUBLIC UNIVERSITY, TURKEY

The interest in Physical Education and Sports Departments in Turkey is increasing every year and the number of faculties and colleges providing education in this field is increasing day by day. Special aptitude exams are held for student recruitment and the physical abilities of the candidates are tested in these exams. In Sivas Cumhuriyet University, the School of Physical Education and Sports was transformed into the Faculty of Sports Sciences. There are Physical Education and Sports Teaching, Coaching Education, and Sports Management departments within the faculty. Student admission is done by special aptitude exam every year. In recent years, there has not been a unity in the examinations of Physical Education and Sports Schools throughout Turkey, so there is a need for a scientific evaluation of the examination systems. In this study, the accuracy of different exam systems in our country is investigated and the effect of exam parameters on passing the exam is examined.  Article visualizations

Biliary Complications of Hepatic Hydatid Cyst Surgery and Prevention Methods

Cystic echinococcosis is still one of the main reasons for liver surgery especially in endemic areas. The most common complication of liver hydatid cyst is cystobiliary communication (CBC). Preoperative or intraoperative diagnosis of CBC is essential for the treatment, since it leads to postoperative bile leakage and fistula formation eventually without intervention. Predictive factors such as cyst size, history of jaundice, and degenerated cysts are described for preoperative evaluation. Further preoperative study can be performed for diagnosis in their presence. At the intraoperative phase, every effort should be performed for diagnosis. There are several methods for the investigation of CBC. When a CBC is found, it is also essential to evaluate the biliary system as well. By this way, postoperative complication rates can be lowered. Biliary leakage and fistula formation are the most common postoperative complication of liver hydatid surgery and they are the main reasons of morbidity and mortality. Their rates can be lowered by knowing how to interfere for the treatment. As a result, every effort should be made to detect and prevent these complications during the evaluation and management of cystic echinococcosis

Generalized difference sequence spaces associated with a multiplier sequence on a real n-normed space

The purpose of this paper is to introduce new sequence spaces associated with a multiplier sequence by using an infinite matrix, an Orlicz function and a generalized B-difference operator on a real n-normed space. Some topological properties of these spaces are examined. We also define a new concept, which will be called (B-Lambda(mu))(n)-statistical A-convergence, and establish some inclusion connections between the sequence space W(A, B-Lambda(mu), p, parallel to., ... , .parallel to) and the set of all (B-Lambda(mu))(n)-statistically A-convergent sequences

The effects of complex decongestive therapy on pain and functionality in individuals with breast cancer who developed adhesive capsulitis due to lymphedema: an evaluation by an isokinetic computerized system

Background: This study aimed to determine the impact of complex decongestive therapy applications on upper extremity function in breast cancer patients who developed adhesive capsulitis after lymphedema. Methods: Thirty patients who developed adhesive capsulitis due to lymphedema were divided into two groups as study (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. Both groups received 20 minutes of exercise five days a week for three weeks using a Biodex isokinetic dynamometer, as well as a hot pack and TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) treatment to the shoulder joint. The study group received 45 minutes of intensive decongestive therapy along with the adhesive capsulitis treatment. The visual analogue scale was used to assess pain, circumference, and volumetric measurements were used to assess edema, and the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Problems Questionnaire (DASH: Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand) was used to assess upper extremity functionality. The shoulder range of motion was evaluated. Results: Both groups had improvements in pain (P < 0.001), shoulder joint range of motion (P < 0.001), and upper extremity functionality (P < 0.001) after the treatment. There was a significant decrease in circumference and volumetric measurements in the study group (P < 0.001). However, no differences were seen in measurements in the control group. Conclusions: The results showed that complex decongestive therapy was beneficial in reducing lymphedema in breast cancer patients who acquired adhesive capsulitis due to lymphedema. Consequently, the authors believe that supplementing conventional physiotherapy with complex decongestive therapy will benefit patients

Ratlarda oral veya topikal olarak uygulanan borun yara iyileşmesi ve oksidatif stres üzerine etkilerinin karşılaştırılması

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of boron on wound healing and further evaluate some antioxidant and oxidant characteristics. A total of 32 adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups; control group, local boron (LB) group, oral boron (OB) group, and oral+local boron (OLB) group. Under general anesthesia, a circular full-thickness skin defect with a diameter of 1.5 cm was created on the dorsal region of the rats. Boron (10 mg/kg) was administered per oral in OB group and 3% boric acid was administered topically in LB group, and 10 mg/kg boron was administered per oral and 3% boric acid was applied topically in OLB group. Control group did not receive any medication. In histopathological examination, re-epithelialization, granulation tissue formation, collagen formation, inflammatory cell formation, and neovascularization were found to be more superior in LB and OLB groups as compared to the control and OB groups. Blood and wound tissue MDA levels in OB and OLB groups were lower with respect to the control and LB groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, oral administration of boron in addition to topical treatment contributes the wound healing due to the antioxidant property of boron in wound healing process.Bu çalışmanın amacı, borun yara iyileşmesi ve bazı antioksidan ve oksidan parametreler üzerine olan etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada, toplam 32 adet erişkin erkek Wistar ratı, kontrol grubu, lokal bor (LB) grubu, oral bor (OB) grubu ve oral+lokal bor (OLB) grubu olmak üzere ratgele dört gruba ayrıldı. Genel anestezi altında, ratların sırt bölgesinde 1,5 cm çapında dairesel tam kat bir deri defekti oluşturuldu. OB grubunda bulunan ratlara oral olarak 10 mg/kg bor, LB grubunda bulunan ratlara topikal % 3’lük borik asit, OLB grubunda bulunan ratlara oral 10 mg/kg bor ile birlikte topikal olarak % 3’lük borik asit uygulandı. Kontrol grubuna ise herhangi bir ilaç uygulanmadı. Histopatalojik inceleme için yara dokusu örnekleri alındı. Histopatolojik olarak; repitelizasyon, granulasyon dokusu oluşumu, kollagen formasyonu, yangısal hücre oluşumu ve neovaskülarizasyonun LB ve OLB gruplarında kontrol ve OB grubuna göre daha iyi olduğu belirlendi. OB ve OLB gruplarında kan ve yara dokusu MDA düzeylerinin kontrol ve LB grubuna göre düşük olduğu belirlendi (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak; yara sağaltımında, lokal olarak borik asit kullanıma ek olarak antioksidan özelliklerinden dolayı oral bor kullanımının yara iyileşmesine katkı sağladığı söylenebilir