21 research outputs found
Fejezetek a globalizáció és a versenyképesség témaköréből
A globalizáciĂłval foglalkozni már önmagában is kihĂvás, nagyon hálás, de roppant összetett feladat, Ă©s mindezt összekapcsolni a versenykĂ©pessĂ©g fogalmával, jelensĂ©gĂ©vel mĂ©g bonyolultabbá, mĂ©g összetettebbĂ© tette a dolgot. Rengeteg szakirodalom, tanulmány, esszĂ©, Ăşjságcikk, kutatási adat Ă©s vĂ©lemĂ©ny állt a rendelkezĂ©semre a tĂ©mával kapcsolatban, számos hazai Ă©s nemzetközi felmĂ©rĂ©s, statisztika számadatai, Ă©s kiĂ©rtĂ©kelt vĂ©lemĂ©nyezĂ©sei segĂtettĂ©k, ugyanakkor nehezĂtettĂ©k munkámat, hiszen folyamatosan Ăşgy gondoltam, Ă©reztem, hogy nem vagyok elĂ©g tájĂ©kozott Ă©s Ăgy dolgozatom nem lehet soha teljesen kĂ©sz.MSc/MAegĂ©szsĂ©gĂĽgyi szociális munkamagyarlevelezĹ‘V
Role of calcification inhibitors in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease (CKD)
Role of calcification inhibitors in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease (CKD).BackgroundThe majority of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have excessive vascular calcification; however, most studies demonstrate that a subset of CKD patients do not have, nor develop, vascular calcification despite similar exposure to the uremic environment. This suggests protective mechanisms, or naturally occurring inhibitors, of calcification may be important.MethodsIn order to determine the role of three inhibitors, fetuin-A, matrix gla protein (MGP), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the vascular calcification observed in patients with CKD-5, we (1) measured serum levels of these inhibitors and compared the levels to calcification assessed by computed tomography (CT); (2) examined arteries from CKD-5 patients by immunostaining for these inhibitors; and (3) examined the expression and effect of these inhibitors in cultured bovine vascular smooth muscle cells (BVSMCs) incubated in serum pooled from uremic patients compared to healthy controls.ResultsThere was a negative correlation of coronary artery calcification scores with serum fetuin-A levels (r=-0.30, P = 0.034) and a positive association with OPG levels (r = 0.29, P = 0.045). There was increasing immunostaining for both fetuin-A and MGP in arteries with increasing calcification graded semiquantitatively (P < 0.003). In vitro, fetuin-A added to mineralizing BVSMCs inhibited mineralization (P < 0.001). Compared to normal serum, BVSMCs incubated with uremic serum had a progressive increase in MGP expression with mineralization (P < 0.001) and increased expression of OPG in BVSMCs (P < 0.04).ConclusionThese data demonstrate that fetuin-A, OPG, and MGP play an important role in the pathogenesis of uremic vascular calcification