Comparing the observed properties of the GRBs detected by the Fermi and Swift satellites

We studied the distribution of the GRBs, observed by the Fermi satellite, in the multidimensional parameter space consisting of the duration, Fluence, Peak flux and Peak energy (if it was available). About 10% of the Fermi bursts was observed also by the Swift satellite. We did not find significant differences between the Peak flux and Peak energy of GRBs observed and not observed also by the Swift satellite. In contrast, those GRBs detected also by the Swift satellite had significantly greater Fluence and duration. We did a similar study for the GRBs detected by the Swift satellite. About 30% percent of these bursts was also measured by the Fermi satellite. We found a significant difference in the Fluence, Peak flux and Photon index but none in duration. These differences may be accounted for the different construction and observing strategy of the Fermi and Swift satellites.Comment: 7th Huntsville Gamma-Ray Burst Symposium, GRB 2013: paper 5 in eConf Proceedings C130414

A giant ring-like structure at 0.78<z<0.86 displayed by GRBs

According to the cosmological principle, Universal large-scale structure is homogeneous and isotropic. The observable Universe, however, shows complex structures even on very large scales. The recent discoveries of structures significantly exceeding the transition scale of 370 Mpc pose a challenge to the cosmological principle. We report here the discovery of the largest regular formation in the observable Universe; a ring with a diameter of 1720 Mpc, displayed by 9 gamma ray bursts (GRBs), exceeding by a factor of five the transition scale to the homogeneous and isotropic distribution. The ring has a major diameter of $43^o$ and a minor diameter of $30^o$ at a distance of 2770 Mpc in the 0.78<z<0.86 redshift range, with a probability of $2\times 10^{-6}$ of being the result of a random fluctuation in the GRB count rate. Evidence suggests that this feature is the projection of a shell onto the plane of the sky. Voids and string-like formations are common outcomes of large-scale structure. However, these structures have maximum sizes of 150 Mpc, which are an order of magnitude smaller than the observed GRB ring diameter. Evidence in support of the shell interpretation requires that temporal information of the transient GRBs be included in the analysis. This ring-shaped feature is large enough to contradict the cosmological principle. The physical mechanism responsible for causing it is unknown.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 13 pages, 8 figures and 4 table

Self and Coping Among College Students in Japan

Japanese aspects of identity and coping attitudes, sources, and practices were examined among a sample of 240 college students in Japan. Participants reported that they tended to use family members and friends when coping with personal difficulties; only 4.3% of the sample, however, felt comfortable turning to a professional (i.e., counselor) for help. We also investigated Japanese college students\u27 personal, collective, and social aspects of identity (Cheek & Tropp, 1997 ). We found that collective identity was a significant predictor of seeking help from family members; social identity significantly predicted using substances to cope with problems, and participants with higher personal identity engaged in artistic endeavors as a form of coping with mental health concerns. Implications for counseling college students from Japan are discussed

Enhanced Urinary Angiotensinogen Excretion in Cyp1a1-Ren2 Transgenic Rats With Inducible ANG II-Dependent Malignant Hypertension

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that the urinary excretion of angiotensinogen is significantly increased in ANG II-infused hypertensive rats, which is associated with an augmentation of intrarenal ANG II levels. These findings suggest that urinary angiotensinogen excretion rates provide an index of intrarenal ANG II levels in ANG II-dependent hypertensive states. However, little information is available regarding the urinary excretion of angiotensinogen in ANG II-dependent malignant hypertension. METHODS: The present study was performed to determine if urinary angiotensinogen excretion is increased in Cyp1a1-Ren2 transgenic rats [strain name: TGR(Cyp1aRen2)] with inducible ANG II-dependent malignant hypertension. Adult male Cyp1a1-Ren2 rats (n=6) were fed a normal diet containing 0.3% indole-3-carbinol (I3C) for 10 days to induce ANG II-dependent malignant hypertension. RESULTS: Rats induced with I3C exhibited pronounced increases in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (208±7 vs. 127±3 mmHg, P<0.001), marked proteinuria (29.4±3.6 vs. 5.9±0.3 mg/day, P<0.001), and augmented urinary angiotensinogen excretion (996±186 vs. 241±31 ng/day, P<0.01). Chronic administration of the AT(1) receptor antagonist, candesartan (25 mg/L in drinking water, n=6), prevented the I3C-induced increases in SBP (125±5, P<0.001), proteinuria (7.3±1.0 mg/day, p<0.001) and urinary angiotensinogen excretion (488±51 ng/day, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that the urinary excretion of angiotensinogen is markedly augmented in ANG II-dependent malignant hypertension. Such increased urinary angiotensinogen excretion may contribute to augmented intrarenal ANG II levels and, thereby, to the increased blood pressure in Cyp1a1-Ren2 transgenic rats with inducible ANG II-dependent malignant hypertension

Virulência de fungos entomopatogênicos a ninfas de Bemisia tabaci biótipo B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).

Neste trabalho, avaliou-se a virulência de 14 isolados dos fungos Beauveria bassiana senso latu, Isaria fumosorosea e Lecanicillium spp. sobre ninfas de segundo ínstar de Bemisia tabaci biótipo B em folhas de feijoeiro (cv. Pérola) sob condições de laboratório (26°C, UR>80%, 14 h luz) e, em seguida, determinou-se a capacidade desses isolados em produzir inóculo sobre cadáveres do inseto

Complex Regulation of the Pericellular Proteolytic Microenvironment during Tumor Progression and Wound Repair: Functional Interactions between the Serine Protease and Matrix Metalloproteinase Cascades

Spatial and temporal regulation of the pericellular proteolytic environment by local growth factors, such as EGF and TGF-β, initiates a wide repertoire of cellular responses coupled to a plasmin/matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) dependent stromal-remodeling axis. Cell motility and invasion, tumor metastasis, wound healing, and organ fibrosis, for example, represent diverse events controlled by expression of a subset of genes that encode various classes of tissue remodeling proteins. These include members of the serine protease and MMP families that functionally constitute a complex system of interacting protease cascades and titrated by their respective inhibitors. Several structural components of the extracellular matrix are upregulated by TGF-β as are matrix-active proteases (e.g., urokinase (uPA), plasmin, MMP-1, -3, -9, -10, -11, -13, -14). Stringent controls on serine protease/MMP expression and their topographic activity are essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Targeting individual elements in this highly interactive network may lead to novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cancer, fibrotic diseases, and chronic wounds

Physicochemical Characterization And Antioxidant Capacity Of Pitanga Fruits (eugenia Uniflora L.) [caracterização Fisico-química E Capacidade Antioxidante De Pitangas (eugenia Uniflora L.)]

This study was carried out to obtain more information about the physicochemical properties, composition, and antioxidant activity of pitanga fruits (Eugenia uniflora L.), particularly fruits from the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Pitanga with different flesh colors (purple, red, and orange) from tree selections cultivated at Embrapa Clima Temperado (RS-Brazil) were analyzed. Only slight differences were observed in the quality parameters and in the proximate and fatty acid compositions among the fruits studied. The extracts from purple-fleshed pitanga had the highest total phenolic and anthocyanin contents along with the highest antioxidant capacity. The antioxidant capacity (DPPH and FRAP assays) of methanolic pitanga extracts was highly correlated with the total phenolic content, but in ethanolic extracts, the anthocyanin content was correlated only with the FRAP antioxidant capacity. Orange fleshed pitanga had higher β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene levels than those of the red fruit, which had higher lycopene content. The results indicate that the purple-fleshed pitanga, cultivated in Rio Grande do Sul, is a rich source of phenolic compounds and has high antioxidant capacity. The red and orange-fleshed pitanga, on the other hand, are rich sources of carotenoids.311147154Abidille, M.D.H., Antioxidant activity of the extracts from Dillenia indica fruits (2005) Food Chemistry, 90 (4), pp. 891-896Adebajo, A.C., Oloki, K.J., Aladesanmi, A., Antimicrobial activity of the leaf extract of Eugenia uniflora (1989) Journal of Phytotherapy Resource, 3 (6), pp. 258-259Aherne, S.A., O'Brien, N.M., Dietary flavonols: Chemistry, food content, and metabolism (2002) Nutrition, 18 (1), pp. 75-81(1995) Official methods of analysis of the Association of the Official Analytical Chemists, , ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS-AOAC, 16th ed. Arlington, Virginia: AOACAzevedo-Meleiro, C.H., Rodriguez-Amaya, D.B., Confirmation of the identity of the carotenoids of tropical fruits by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS (2004) Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 17 (3-4), pp. 385-396Bagetti, M., Antioxidant capacity and composition of pitanga seeds (2009) Ciência Rural, 39 (8), pp. 204-2510Beekwilder, J., Antioxidant in raspberry: On-line analysis links antioxidant activity to a diversity of individual metabolites (2005) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53 (9), pp. 3313-3320Benzie, F.F.I., Strain, J.J., The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of "antioxidant power": The FRAP assay (1996) Analytical Biochemistry, 239 (1), pp. 70-76Bligh, E.G., Dyer, W.J., A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification (1959) Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology, 37 (8), pp. 911-917Block, G., Patterson, B., Subar, A., Fruits, vegetables and cancer prevention: A review of the epidemiological evidence (1992) Nutrition and Cancer, 18 (1), pp. 1-29Bors, W., Flavonoids as antioxidants: Determination of radical scavenging efficiencies (1990) Methods in Enzymology, 186, pp. 343-355Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M.E., Berset, C., Use of a free radical method to evaluated antioxidant activity (1995) Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie, 28 (1), pp. 25-30Regulamento técnico geral para fixação dos padrões de identidade e qualidade para polpa de fruta (2000) Diário Oficial da República Federativa do Brasil, p. 54. , http://extranet.agricultura.gov.br/sislegisconsulta/consultarLegislacao. do?operacao=visualizar&id=7777, BRASIL. Instrução Normativa, no 1, de 7 de janeiro de 2000, Brasília, DF, 10 jan, Seção 1, Disponível em:, Acesso em: 18 dez. 2008Cavalcante, M.L., Rodriguez-Amaya, D.B., Carotenoid composition of the tropical fruits Eugenia uniflora and Malpighia glabra (1992) Food Science and Human Nutrition, pp. 643-650. , In: CHARALAMBOUS, G. (Ed.), Amsterdam: Elsevier Science PublishersClinton, S.K., Lycopene: Chemistry, biology, and implications for human health and disease (1998) Nutrition Reviews, 56 (2), pp. 35-51Consolini, A.E., Sarubbio, M., Pharmacological effects of Eugenia uniflora L. (Myrtaceae) aqueous extract on rat's heart (2002) Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 81 (1), pp. 57-63di Mascio, P., Kaiser, S., Sies, H., Lycopene as the most efficient biological carotenoid singlet oxygen quencher (1989) Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 274 (2), pp. 532-538Dillard, C.J., German, J.B., Phytochemicals: Neutraceuticals and human health (2000) Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 80 (12), pp. 1744-1756Diplock, A.T., Functional food sciences and defense against reactive oxidative species (1998) British Journal of Nutrition, 80 (1), pp. 77-112Escarpa, A., Gonzalez, M.C., Approach to the content of total extractable phenolic compounds from different food samples by comparison of chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods (2001) Analytica Chimica Acta, 427 (1), pp. 119-127Gemtchüjnicov, I.D., (1976) Manual de taxonomia vegetal: Plantas de interesse econômico, agrícola, ornamentais e medicinais, p. 368. , São Paulo: CeresGenovese, M.I., Bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of exotic fruits commercial frozen pulps from Brazil (2008) Food Science and Technology International, 4 (3), pp. 207-214Hartman, L., Lago, B.C., A rapid preparation of fatty methyl esters from lipids (1973) Laboratory Practice, 22 (6), pp. 475-477Hassimotto, N.M.A., Genovese, M.I., Lajolo, F.M., Antioxidant activity of dietary fruits, vegetables, and commercial frozen fruit pulps (2005) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53 (8), pp. 2928-2935Kaur, C., Kapoor, H., Antioxidants in fruits and vegetables-the millennium's health (2001) International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 36 (7), pp. 703-725Kimura, M., Rodriguez-Amaya, D.B., Yokoyama, S.M., Cultivar differences and geographic effects on the carotenoid composition and vitamin A value of papaya (1991) Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie, 24 (5), pp. 415-418Krinsky, N.I., Johnson, E.J., Carotenoid actions and their relation to health and disease (2005) Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 26 (6), pp. 459-516Kris-Etherton, P.M., Bioactive compounds in foods: Their role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer (2002) American Journal of Medicine, 113 (9), pp. 71-88Kuskoski, M.E., Frutas tropicais silvestres e polpas de frutas congeladas: Atividade antioxidante, polifenóis e antocianinas (2006) Ciência Rural, 36 (4), pp. 1283-1287Lees, D.H., Francis, F.J., Standardization of pigment analyses in cranberries (1972) Hortscience, 7 (1), pp. 83-84Lima, V.L.A.G., Mélo, E.A., Lima, D.E.S., Fenólicos e carotenóides totais em pitanga (2002) Scientia Agricola, 59 (3), pp. 447-450Niizu, P.Y., Rodriguez-Amaya, D.B., A melancia como fonte de licopeno (2003) Revista do Instituto Adolfo Lutz, 62 (3), pp. 195-199Oliveira, A.L., Volatile compounds from pitanga fruit (Eugenia uniflora L.) (2006) Food Chemistry, 99 (1), pp. 1-5Padula, M., Rodriguez-Amaya, D.B., Characterization of the carotenoids and assessment of the vitamin A value of Brazilian guavas (Psidium guajava L.) (1986) Food Chemistry, 20 (1), pp. 11-19Pellegrini, N., Evaluation of antioxidant capacity of some fruit and vegetable foods: Efficiency of extraction of a sequence of solvents (2007) Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 87 (1), pp. 103-111Pietta, P.G., Flavonoids as antioxidants (2000) Journal of Natural Products, 63 (7), pp. 1035-1042Pinto, M.S., Lajolo, F.M., Genovese, M.I., Bioactive compounds and quantification of total ellagic acid in strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) (2007) Food Chemistry, 107 (4), pp. 1629-1635Porcu, O.M., Rodriguez-Amaya, D.B., Variation in the carotenoid composition of the lycopene-rich Brazilian fruit Eugenia uniflora L (2008) Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 63 (4), pp. 195-199Prior, R.L., Cao, G., Antioxidant phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables: Diet and health implications (2000) Horticulture Science, 35 (4), pp. 588-592Rahman, I., Adcock, I.M., Oxidative stress and redox regulation of lung inflammation in COPD (2006) European Respiratory Journal, 28 (1), pp. 219-242Reynerston, K.A., Quantitative analysis of antiradical phenolic constituents from fourteen edible Myrtaceae fruits (2008) Food Chemistry, 109 (4), pp. 883-890Robards, K., Antolovich, M., Analytical chemistry of fruit bioflavonoids (1997) Analyst, 122, pp. 11R-34RRodriguez-Amaya, D.B., (1999) A guide to carotenoid analysis in foods, , Washington, D.C.: ILSI PressSalgado, S.M., Guerra, N.B., Melo Filho, A.B., Frozen fruit pulps: Effects of the processing on dietary fiber contents (1999) Brazilian Journal of Nutrition, 12 (3), pp. 303-308Scalzo, J., Plant genotype affects total antioxidant capacity and phenolic contents in fruit (2005) Nutrition, 21 (2), pp. 207-213Singleton, V.L., Rossi Jr., J.A., Colorimetry of total phenolic with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents (1965) American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16 (3), pp. 144-158Stahl, W., Sies, H., Bioactivity and protective effects of natural carotenoids (2005) Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1740 (2), pp. 101-107Tapiero, H., Townsend, D.M., Tew, K.D., The role of carotenoids in the prevention of human pathologies (2004) Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 58 (2), pp. 100-110(2006) Tabela brasileira de composição de alimentos-TACO, p. 113. , UNIVERSIDADE DE CAMPINAS-UNICAMP, 2. ed. Version II. Campinas: NEPA/UNICAMPVison, J.A., Phenol antioxidant quantity and quality in foods: Vegetables (1998) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46 (9), pp. 4113-4117Weyerstahl, P., Volatile constituents of Eugenia uniflora leaf oil (1988) Planta Médica, 54 (6), pp. 546-54

Perfectionism and self-conscious emotions in British and Japanese students: Predicting pride and embarrassment after success and failure

Regarding self-conscious emotions, studies have shown that different forms of perfectionism show different relationships with pride, shame, and embarrassment depending on success and failure. What is unknown is whether these relationships also show cultural variations. Therefore, we conducted a study investigating how self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism predicted pride and embarrassment after success and failure comparing 363 British and 352 Japanese students. Students were asked to respond to a set of scenarios where they imagined achieving either perfect (success) or flawed results (failure). In both British and Japanese students, self-oriented perfectionism positively predicted pride after success and embarrassment after failure whereas socially prescribed perfectionism predicted embarrassment after success and failure. Moreover, in Japanese students, socially prescribed perfectionism positively predicted pride after success and self-oriented perfectionism negatively predicted pride after failure. The findings have implications for our understanding of perfectionism indicating that the perfectionism–pride relationship not only varies between perfectionism dimensions, but may also show cultural variations