Special Economic Zones in USSR and Russian Federation (1980-2018)

The question of the creation and functioning of special economic zones as territories with special legal status in the USSR and the Russian Federation in the period from the 1980s to the present time is considered. The authors pay attention to the history of development of special economic zones in different time intervals: from 1980 to 1990, from 1990 to 2000, from 2000 to 2005, from 2005 to 2016. The relevance of the article is due to the fact that the attraction of foreign investment is a priority issue for the leadership of any state, in particular, for the Russian Federation in different periods of history. It is noted that the importance of creating special economic zones is due to the need to attract foreign investment in the economy of the regions of the Russian Federation as one of the options for cooperation of the subjects of the Federation with foreign financial groups, since such economic interaction allows to solve many socially significant issues. The difficulties of creating free economic zones after the collapse of the Soviet Union in the conditions of political and economic instability are analyzed. It is shown that in the last few years the country’s leadership is taking measures for the effective development of these zones as a special tool for the successful development of the Russian economy

Financial and credit mechanism for attraction of real investments in a system of money flows regulation

Optimization of funding sources of real investments is a key stage in development and successful functioning of enterprises' investment activity. Currently big attention is drawn to questions of state and private partnership during development of investment projects, as well as to possible prospects of development of state and private interaction forms in investment sphere, and concessions particularly. Improvement of forms of interaction between state and corporate sector of economy in the sphere of real investments and as a part of development of specific priority investment programs requiring considerable investments has a strategic federal and regional value. Thus, it is important to understand role and benefit of each participant of the investment market, to define clear statutory, legislative and contractual base, and to swiftly analyze financial efficiency of real investments at all stages of realization. In modern conditions, stable development of economy of any country depends on condition of investment process. Need to integrate finance capital and to promote investment activity is obvious in new management conditions of market relations development. The main condition of successful investment activity at each stage is a choice of effective and correct finance and credit mechanism as a tool of real investments financing. Prior to suggest modern tools of such financing, it is necessary to analyze theoretically proved program and targeted method of real investments financing within the state and private partnership, in order to improve previously examined methodology. © 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved

Experimental study of the influence of pulse electrophoresis of blood plasma 0 (I) on healing of wounds and formation of normotrophic scars in laboratory animals

In experimental study confirmed the acceleration of wound healing and forming normotrophic scars tissue in laboratory animals using the transdermal administration of blood plasma 0 (I) by pulsed electrophoresis under the influence of an external magnetic field. It was established that the method proposed by the authors prevents the development of hypertrophic and keloid scars, and also stimulates tissue regeneration in the surgical area due to the activation of local regeneration processes

Эндотелиальная дисфункция у больных ревматоидным артритом с коморбидной патологией

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and subclinical hypothyroidism (SHT) have close pathogenetic relationships, the synergism of which worsens the clinical course and increases the risk of visceral complications. Objective: to study the ultrasound parameters of endothelial dysfunction (ED) in patients with RA concurrent with SHT. Patients and methods: 139 patients with RA were divided into two groups: 1) 48 patients with RA; 2) 91 patients with RA concurrent with SHT. The ultrasound parameters of endothelial regulation of vascular tone were determined by intravascular ultrasonography using an ESAOTE MyLAB40 apparatus in accordance with the international guideline. Results and discussion. The study of endothelial regulation of vascular tone established that all the examinees with RA had ED that increased with the higher degree of activity and longer duration of RA. Patients with RA in the presence of SHT had more significant abnormalities in the ultrasound parameters of endothelial regulation of vascular tone and in the degree of ED, which increased with the longer duration and higher activity of the disease. The early detection and correction of comorbidity in patients with RA will reduce cardiovascular risk and improve quality of life. Ревматоидный артрит (РА) и субклиническая гипотиреоидная дисфункция (СГТД) имеют тесные патогенетические взаимосвязи, синергизм которых усугубляет клиническое течение и повышает риск развития висцеральных осложнений. Цель исследования – изучить особенности ультразвуковых показателей эндотелиальной дисфункции (ЭД) у больных РА с СГТД. Пациенты и методы. 139 больных РА были разделены на группы: I группа – 48 пациентов с РA, II группа – 91 больной РА в сочетании с СГТД. Выявление ультразвуковых показателей эндотелиальной регуляции сосудистого тонуса проводилось с помощью УЗИ сосудов в соответствии с международным руководством на аппарате ESAOTE MyLAB40. Результаты и обсуждение. Исследование эндотелиальной регуляции сосудистого тонуса установило наличие ЭД у всех обследованных больных РА, которая усиливалась с нарастанием степени активности РА и длительности заболевания. У больных РА с наличием СГТД отмечаются более значимые нарушения ультразвуковых показателей эндотелиальной регуляции сосудистого тонуса и степени ЭД, нарастающие с увеличением длительности и активности заболевания. Раннее выявление и коррекция коморбидной патологии у пациентов с РА будут способствовать снижению сердечно-сосудистого риска и улучшению качества жизни.

The impact of weather conditions in different years on the biochemical composition of linseed oil

Background. Linseed oil is a versatile product with varying biochemical composition. Linseed breeding is aimed at producing cultivars with different chemical properties in their oil. The crop is widespread but the environment has a great effect on its fatty acid  biosynthesis.Materials and methods. The impact of weather conditions on the variations in fatty acids composition was studied. Twenty linseed cultivars and accessions of diverse origin and with varying oil composition from the VIR collection were grown in Tomsk Province in 2016–2018. The content of 15 fatty acids (lauric, myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, margaric, stearic, oleic, cis-vaccenic, linoleic, linolenic, arachidic, eicosenic, arachido nic, behenic, and lignoceric) was assessed in linseed oil using gas–liquid chromatography.Results. The tested material presented a wide diversity of genes controlling different steps of fatty acids biosynthesis and genetic mechanisms involved in the responses to the changing environment. The analysis of variance proved that the content of oleic, linoleic, linolenic and lignoceric acids was controlled solely by the genotype. The content of palmitic and stearic acids was influenced by both the genotype and environment. The synthesis of lauric and cis-vaccenic acids was significantly affected by the weather. Practically all acids, except linoleic and linolenic ones, showed a very high random variation, which in our experiment included genotype × environment interaction. The accessions differed in the range of variation in their characters under diffe rent conditions. There was no definite regularity in the hanges of fatty acid content in the tested genotypes during 3 years.Conclusion. The assessed genotypes probably possess different regulatory mechanisms for fatty acid biosynthesis. Thus, they present a diverse stock for further investigations into fatty acid biosynthesis and for the development of new linseed cultivars widely adaptable to environmental conditions

Comparative evaluation of including nutriceutics in complex therapy of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma with accelerated body aging

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the inclusion of nutraceuticals in the complex therapy of patients with POAG.Цель исследования оценить эффективность и безопасность включения различных нутрицевтиков в терапию больных ПОУГ

Glutathione Precursor N-Acetyl-Cysteine Modulates EEG Synchronization in Schizophrenia Patients: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Glutathione (GSH) dysregulation at the gene, protein, and functional levels has been observed in schizophrenia patients. Together with disease-like anomalies in GSH deficit experimental models, it suggests that such redox dysregulation can play a critical role in altering neural connectivity and synchronization, and thus possibly causing schizophrenia symptoms. To determine whether increased GSH levels would modulate EEG synchronization, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), a glutathione precursor, was administered to patients in a randomized, double-blind, crossover protocol for 60 days, followed by placebo for another 60 days (or vice versa). We analyzed whole-head topography of the multivariate phase synchronization (MPS) for 128-channel resting-state EEGs that were recorded at the onset, at the point of crossover, and at the end of the protocol. In this proof of concept study, the treatment with NAC significantly increased MPS compared to placebo over the left parieto-temporal, the right temporal, and the bilateral prefrontal regions. These changes were robust both at the group and at the individual level. Although MPS increase was observed in the absence of clinical improvement at a group level, it correlated with individual change estimated by Liddle's disorganization scale. Therefore, significant changes in EEG synchronization induced by NAC administration may precede clinically detectable improvement, highlighting its possible utility as a biomarker of treatment efficacy

Assessment of the Potential Epidemic Hazard as Regards International Public Events in Terms of the Currently Important Infectious Diseases

International public events (IPE) present some actual epidemiological problems requiring proper methodological elaboration. In this respect for the first time developed has been the scheme of assessment of their potential epidemic hazard (PEH), based on integrated evaluation of epidemiological risk as regards infectious diseases listed in the IHR (2005). On the cholera model demonstrated is the fact that high priority hazard of public events emerges when those are combined with such elements of epidemiological risk as territory and time of a threat, as well as risk factors and risk contingents. Thus the integral effect of all elements realization is manifested through high probability of infectious disease importation, which is associated with emergency situation, into the public event location and the disturbance of mass gathering progress. Reliability and functionality of the developed scheme is verified on other infections too. PEH assessment procedure allows for timely identification of priority goals, for rating means and capacities, organizational resources, methodological and technological arrays for the provision of sanitary-epidemiological welfare and biological safety when managing public event

Increasing Availability of the International Normalized Ratio Control in Russia

Background: Warfarin is still, in some cases, the only medication to prevent thromboembolic complications. Warfarin intake imposes regular INR monitoring, which can be performed domiciliary. Currently, in the Russian market, there are two models of automatic portable blood coagulometers: CoaguChek XS (Germany) and qLabs ElectroMeter (China). The main problem of portable coagulometers is their high cost and high cost of operation, which the majority of patients cannot afford. To explore the demand for development of a Russian coagulometer with a more affordable price, a questionnaire survey was carried out among the patients who needed this device. Methods and Results: We surveyed 70 patients taking Warfarin, with 5 years duration paroxysmal, persistent/or stable AF of nonvalvular etiology, having >2 CHADS-VASc score for thrombembolia risk assessment and <3 HAS-BLED score for hemorrhage risk assessment. According to the survey results, 7 (10%) patients had portable coagulometers, including 3 persons with CoaguChek XS and 4 persons with Micropoint qLabs ElectroMeter. Among these patients, there were 4 persons who continued regular INR monitoring domiciliary, while 3 patients had financial difficulties in getting testing strips. At the same time, 14 (20%) patients were not aware of the possibility of domiciliary INR monitoring. As it turned out, those patients who received regular INR monitoring domiciliary with a portable coagulometer, or at their local polyclinics, had neither ischemic strokes nor hemorrhages within a period of five years. Conclusion: It is critical to develop and manufacture a domestic equivalent of a portable coagulometer and testing strips for household use at a more affordable price