5 research outputs found
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Discovery and Verification of Extracellular miRNA Biomarkers for Non-invasive Prediction of Pre-eclampsia in Asymptomatic Women.
Development of effective prevention and treatment strategies for pre-eclampsia is limited by the lack of accurate methods for identification of at-risk pregnancies. We performed small RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of maternal serum extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) to discover and verify microRNAs (miRNAs) differentially expressed in patients who later developed pre-eclampsia. Sera collected from 73 pre-eclampsia cases and 139 controls between 17 and 28 weeks gestational age (GA), divided into separate discovery and verification cohorts, are analyzed by small RNA-seq. Discovery and verification of univariate and bivariate miRNA biomarkers reveal that bivariate biomarkers verify at a markedly higher rate than univariate biomarkers. The majority of verified biomarkers contain miR-155-5p, which has been reported to mediate the pre-eclampsia-associated repression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Deconvolution analysis reveals that several verified miRNA biomarkers come from the placenta and are likely carried by placenta-specific extracellular vesicles
Recommended from our members
Discovery and Verification of Extracellular miRNA Biomarkers for Non-invasive Prediction of Pre-eclampsia in Asymptomatic Women.
Development of effective prevention and treatment strategies for pre-eclampsia is limited by the lack of accurate methods for identification of at-risk pregnancies. We performed small RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of maternal serum extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) to discover and verify microRNAs (miRNAs) differentially expressed in patients who later developed pre-eclampsia. Sera collected from 73 pre-eclampsia cases and 139 controls between 17 and 28 weeks gestational age (GA), divided into separate discovery and verification cohorts, are analyzed by small RNA-seq. Discovery and verification of univariate and bivariate miRNA biomarkers reveal that bivariate biomarkers verify at a markedly higher rate than univariate biomarkers. The majority of verified biomarkers contain miR-155-5p, which has been reported to mediate the pre-eclampsia-associated repression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Deconvolution analysis reveals that several verified miRNA biomarkers come from the placenta and are likely carried by placenta-specific extracellular vesicles
Multi-phase flow simulation of CO2 leakage through a fractured caprock in response to mitigation strategies
To evaluate the effectiveness of several mitigation strategies, we developed two-dimensional flow and transport simulations of carbon dioxide (CO2) leakage through the fractured caprock of a storage reservoir, over timescales of 2-10 years. The fractured system was modeled as a low-permeability fault core surrounded by a fractured damage zone, as would be expected for a low-porosity caprock that underwent brittle deformation. To represent the damage zone, we introduced heterogeneities in the initial permeability field by using a grid-based continuum model where the upscaling relationship for permeability as a function of fracture aperture and density is given by an analytical expression. The first mitigation strategy, injection of a drying agent (dry CO2 here) below the damage zone, leads to precipitation of solids and local decreases in permeability that cause lateral migration of the leak and self-sealing of the fractured system. The higher the maximum value of the permeability in the damage zone, the less time required to reduce the leak rate. The second mitigation strategy evaluated controlled permeability reduction in the fractured zone by simulating an idealized emplaced sealant. Collectively, modeling results suggest that knowledge of the hydrodynamics of the leak is required to optimize the location of sealant applications within the fracture zone