315 research outputs found

    Evaluation of the Pollution Potential of Petroleum Refinery Wastewaters Using Fathead Minnow Bioassays

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    Static and continuous flow bioassays of petroleum refinery wastewaters were compared and the effectiveness of three wastewater treatment methods were determined with fathead minnow bioassays.Zoolog

    Thermal analysis of the ceramic material and evaluation of the bonding behavior of silicon-ceramic composite substrates

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    Abstract Thermal bonding of silicon and low-temperature cofired ceramics (LTCC) at sintering temperatures of 900 Β° C represents currently the standard process in silicon-ceramic composite (SiCer) substrate fabrication. We analyse the thermal behavior of the LTCC using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and laser flash analysis. The thermal decomposition could be identified with a mass loss of 24% in the temperature range up to 1000 Β° C what influences the thermal diffusivity with values from about 0.19 mm 2 s βˆ’1 before thermal treatment to below 0.10 mm 2 s βˆ’1 after thermal treatment. A specific heat capacity of 1 – 2 J (g Β· K) βˆ’1 is calculated. Further, an influence of low-temperature lamination of the LTCC seems to have an influence on the thermal behaviour. The sintering process was investigated with temperatures of 550 Β° C, 730 Β° C and 900 Β° C, applied pressures of 12.2 kPa and 6.1 kPa and intermediate wetting layers of TiO 2 (normal deposition and oblique angle deposition). Optical observations, ultrasonic and scanning electron microscopy, and pull-tests are used to compare the properties of the sintered SiCer substrates. Whereas the sintering temperature has an obvious impact on the sintering behaviour of the LTCC, a direct conclusion of parameter variation on the bonding result was not observed

    МодСли формирования стратСгичСского портфСля ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² IΠ’ Ρ„ΠΈΡ€ΠΌΡ‹

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    Increasing of unpredictability, novelty and complexity of the external environment of modern enterprises of IT industry has led to the need of creating such management mechanisms that can ensure making of coordinated and effective decisions to adapt enterprises to the external competitive environment, ensure their survival and successful development. In order to adapt to rapidly changing environmental conditions it is necessary to apply management that is associated not so much with the definition of a strategic position (long-term and strategic planning), as with a timely, real-time response to rapid and unexpected changes. Formation of adequate management forces enterprises to engage in the refinement of the strategy and the solution of the arisen strategic tasks simultaneously and in parallel, to apply scientifically based management information technologies. Π‘reation of such technologies requires the availability of adequate models of production activities of IT company. A set of interrelated models of forming a strategic portfolio of IT projects of a company, whose activity is aimed at creating a finite number of IT projects in the context of time and resource constraints, is proposed. A set of interrelated models for the formation of IT projects strategic portfolio activity of which is aimed at creating a finite number of unique software products in conditions of time and resource constraints is proposed. Qualitative and quantitative methods of modeling of IT company production activity were used while developing a set of models and generated a set of models of expert procedure and a set of models of optimization procedure. The set of expert procedure models for assessing of IT projects significance realizes the hierarchies analysis method. The set of models of optimization procedure implements the method of linear programming which allows to determine the effective structure of the IT projects portfolio in the medium term which ensures achievement of company strategic goals. Based on the developed set of models, a generalized algorithmic model for the formation of company strategic portfolio of projects is formed and can be used to create information technology for strategic planning of IT company production activities in conditions of dynamic external environment.ΠŸΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ нСпрСдсказуСмости, Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ слоТности внСшнСго окруТСния соврСмСнных прСдприятий ИВ индустрии ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΊ нСобходимости создания Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² управлСния, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ способны ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ принятиС скоординированных ΠΈ эффСктивных Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ прСдприятий ΠΊ внСшнСй ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ срСдС ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈΡ… выТивания ΠΈ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ развития. Для Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ быстро мСня- ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΡΡ условиям срСды трСбуСтся ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ управлСния, связанного Π½Π΅ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ с ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ стратСгичСской ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ (долгосрочноС ΠΈ стратСгичСскоС ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅), сколько со своСврСмСнной Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±Π΅ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° быстрыС ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ измСнСния. Π€ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ управлСния Π²Ρ‹Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ прСдприятия ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ стратСгии ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡˆΠΈΡ… стратСгичСских Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎ обоснованныС ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ управлСния. Π‘ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ наличия Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ производствСнной Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ИВ Ρ„ΠΈΡ€ΠΌΡ‹. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ комплСкс взаимосвязанных ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ формирования стратСгичСского портфСля ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ИВ Ρ„ΠΈΡ€ΠΌΡ‹, Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π° созданиС ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ числа ИВ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² условиях Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ рСсурсных ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ создании комплСкса ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ качСствСнныС ΠΈ количСствСнныС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ модСлирования производствСнной Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ИВ прСдприятия, ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΠ΅ комплСкс ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ экспСртной ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ комплСкс ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹. ЭкспСртная ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π° обСспСчиваСт ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΡƒ значимости ИВ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² с использованиСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΠΉ. КомплСкс ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ программирования, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π² срСднСсрочной пСрспСктивС ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡƒΡŽ структуру стратСгичСского портфСля ИВ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ достиТСниС стратСгичСских Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ИВ Ρ„ΠΈΡ€ΠΌΡ‹. На основС построСнного комплСкса ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° обобщСнная алгоритмичСская модСль формирования стратСгичСского портфСля ИВ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ², которая ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ использована ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ создании ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ стратСгичСского планирования производствСнной Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ИВ прСдприятия Π² условиях динамичСской внСшнСй срСд
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