Ambient Adaptive Lighting

The concept of adaptive lighting suggests architectural lighting designs that adjust and react to the living practices of inhabitants and variations in the environmental conditions. Current developments in lighting technologies, such as LED light sources and IoT infrastructures, open for new opportunities with adaptive lighting, where the control of the lighting possibly operates as an IoT service rather than build into building management systems. The dynamic flux in lighting changes the experiential presence and brings focus on change and variation rather than states, levels and structures. The suggestion is to enable adaptive intertwinement through an expanded field of dynamic flux in the artificial lighting, and couple between the daylighting and the artificial lighting through an integration of ambient contexts. The project develops experiential prototypes, with which the dynamic design parameters of adaptive lighting can be investigated, analysed and scoped into architectural programming processes. The staging’s are full-scale architectural scenography’s, which situate investigations into how the experience parameters of fluctuating artificial lighting, integrated with daylight flux in an architectural space, are experienced to influence the experience of architectural space, social situations and everyday activities

A dramaturgy of intermediality: composing with integrative design

The thesis investigates and develops a compositional system on intermediality in theatre and performance as a dramaturgical practice through integrative design. The position of the visual/sonic media in theatre and performance has been altered by the digitalisation and networking of media technologies, which enables enhanced dynamic variables in the intermedial processes. The emergent intermediality sites are made accessible by developments in media technologies and form part of broader changes towards a mediatised society: a simultaneous shift in cultural contexts, theatre practice and audience perception. The practice-led research is situated within a postdramatic context and develops a system of compositional perspectives and procedures to enhance the knowledge of a dramaturgy on intermediality. The intermediality forms seem to re-situate the actual/virtual relations in theatre and re-construct the processes of theatricalisation in the composition of the stage narrative. The integration of media and performers produces a compositional environment of semiosis, where the theatre becomes a site of narration, and the designed integration in-between medialities emerges as intermediality sites in the performance event. A selection of performances and theatre directors is identified, who each in distinct ways integrate mediating technologies as a core element in their compositional design. These directors and performances constitute a source of reflection on compositional strategies from the perspective of practice, and enable comparative discussions on dramaturgical design and the consistency of intermediality sites. The practice-led research realised a series of prototyping processes situated in performance laboratories in 2004-5. The laboratories staged investigations into the relation between integrative design procedures and parameters for composition of intermediality sites, particularly the relative presence in-between the actual and the virtual, and the relative duration and distance in-between timeness and placeness. The integration of performer activities and media operations into dramaturgical structures were developed as a design process of identifying the mapping and experiencing the landscape through iterative prototyping. The developed compositional concepts and strategies were realised in the prototype performance Still I Know Who I Am, performed October 2006. This final research performance was a full-scale professional production, which explored the developed dramaturgical designs through creative practice. The performance was realised as a public event, and composed of a series of scenes, each presenting a specific composite of the developed integrative design strategies, and generating a particular intermediality site. The research processes in the performance laboratories and the prototype performance developed on characteristics, parameters and procedures of compositional strategies, investigating the viability of a dramaturgy of intermediality through integrative design. The practice undertaken constitutes raw material from which the concepts are drawn and underpins the premises for the theoretical reflections

The Experience of Dynamic Lighting

The experience of the dynamic flux in daylighting is a complex relation between experiential and perceptual modalities, spatial presence of lighting qualities, and the architectural situation for the experience. In architectural practice, the understanding of daylight influx is key to the design of daylight openings and the experience of spatial form. However, current developments in light-emitting diodes (LED) light sources and adaptive software control systems allow for an enhanced correlation between daylight and artificial lighting, where the variations of the daylight are dynamically supplemented by variations in the artificial lighting. It is recommended that a particular type of Observational Instrument is developed, which situates detailed experiential investigations into the design potentials of integration of natural and artificial lighting and thereby enables differentiated dynamic lighting design in architecture

Pressure Build-Up in Closed Wells During Kick Migration and Fluid Compressibility Effects

If a kick is migrating in a closed well, this will lead to pressures building up in the well. It has earlier been shown that for Non-Newtonian fluids, suspension effects will make it impossible to deduce a unique gas velocity from the pressure build-up behavior. In this work, it will be shown that also for Newtonian fluids, the pressure build-up will depend on both kick size and well volumes. Both very small kicks sizes typically seen in MPD operations and larger kick sizes handled in conventional well control operations will be considered. It will be demonstrated that both the shape of the pressure build-up and the final pressure levels achieved will vary significantly. It is especially when considering very small kick sizes that one starts to see large changes in the profile of the pressure build-up. The main reason for the differences is related to the fact that the liquid phase is compressible and this will again have consequences for how much a gas kick can expand and what pressures it can bring to surface. An analytical model will be developed that shows directly which parameters have impact on the pressure build-up behavior. Simple closure laws for gas density, fluid density and gas slip will be chosen. The model will be verified against two transient models which are based on the Drift-Flux formulation. It is demonstrated that the pressure build-up and final pressure level will depend on initial kick volume, initial fluid volume, liquid compressibility and fluid density. The effect of numerical diffusion when comparing the two transient models will also briefly be discussed. The purpose of the paper is to increase fundamental knowledge about two phase flow dynamics and show that an analytical model for the situation considered here can give results that are comparable with the results achieved with more complex transient flow models.acceptedVersio

Genome-wide transcription analysis of histidine-related cataract in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L)

Purpose: Elevated levels of dietary histidine have previously been shown to prevent or mitigate cataract formation in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L). The aim of this study was to shed light on the mechanisms by which histidine acts. Applying microarray analysis to the lens transcriptome, we screened for differentially expressed genes in search for a model explaining cataract development in Atlantic salmon and possible markers for early cataract diagnosis. Methods: Adult Atlantic salmon (1.7 kg) were fed three standard commercial salmon diets only differing in the histidine content (9, 13, and 17 g histidine/kg diet) for four months. Individual cataract scores for both eyes were assessed by slitlamp biomicroscopy. Lens N-acetyl histidine contents were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Total RNA extracted from whole lenses was analyzed using the GRASP 16K salmonid microarray. The microarray data were analyzed using J-Express Pro 2.7 and validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT–PCR). Results: Fish developed cataracts with different severity in response to dietary histidine levels. Lens N-acetyl histidine contents reflected the dietary histidine levels and were negatively correlated to cataract scores. Significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) revealed 248 significantly up-regulated transcripts and 266 significantly down-regulated transcripts in fish that were fed a low level of histidine compared to fish fed a higher histidine level. Among the differentially expressed transcripts were metallothionein A and B as well as transcripts involved in lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, regulation of ion homeostasis, and protein degradation. Hierarchical clustering and correspondence analysis plot confirmed differences in gene expression between the feeding groups. The differentially expressed genes could be categorized as “early” and “late” responsive according to their expression pattern relative to progression in cataract formation. Conclusions: Dietary histidine regimes affected cataract formation and lens gene expression in adult Atlantic salmon. Regulated transcripts selected from the results of this genome-wide transcription analysis might be used as possible biological markers for cataract development in Atlantic salmon

Transcriptome-wide analyses of early immune responses in lumpfish leukocytes upon stimulation with poly(I:C)

Background: Both bacterial and viral diseases are a major threat to farmed fish. As the antiviral immune mechanisms in lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus L.) are poorly understood, lumpfish leukocytes were stimulated with poly(I:C), a synthetic analog of double stranded RNA, which mimic viral infections, and RNA sequencing was performed. Methods: To address this gap, we stimulated lumpfish leukocytes with poly(I:C) for 6 and 24 hours and did RNA sequencing with three parallels per timepoint. Genome guided mapping was performed to define differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Results: Immune genes were identified, and transcriptome-wide analyses of early immune responses showed that 376 and 2372 transcripts were significantly differentially expressed 6 and 24 hours post exposure (hpe) to poly(I:C), respectively. The most enriched GO terms when time had been accounted for, were immune system processes (GO:0002376) and immune response (GO:0006955). Analysis of DEGs showed that among the most highly upregulated genes were TLRs and genes belonging to the RIG-I signaling pathway, including LGP2, STING and MX, as well as IRF3 and IL12A. RIG-I was not identified, but in silico analyses showed that genes encoding proteins involved in pathogen recognition, cell signaling, and cytokines of the TLR and RIG-I signaling pathway are mostly conserved in lumpfish when compared to mammals and other teleost species. Conclusions: Our analyses unravel the innate immune pathways playing a major role in antiviral defense in lumpfish. The information gathered can be used in comparative studies and lay the groundwork for future functional analyses of immune and pathogenicity mechanisms. Such knowledge is also necessary for the development of immunoprophylactic measures for lumpfish, which is extensively cultivated for use as cleaner fish in the aquaculture for removal of sea lice from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.).publishedVersio