5,348 research outputs found
Renormalization Group Analysis of \rho-Meson Properties at Finite Density
We calculate the density dependence of the -meson mass and coupling
constant() for -nucleon-nucleon vertex at one loop using the
lagrangian where the -meson is included as a dynamical gauge boson of a
hidden local symmetry. From the condition that thermodynamic potential should
not depend on the arbitrary energy scale, renormalization scale, one can
construct a renormalization group equation for the thermodynamic potential and
argue that the various renormalization group coefficients are functions of the
density or temperature. We calculate the -function for
-nucleon-nucleon coupling constant () and -function
for -meson mass (). We found that the -meson mass
and the coupling constant for drop as density increases in the
low energy limit.Comment: 24 pages, 10 figures, revised versio
Possible explanation of the discrepancy of the light-cone QCD sum rule calculation of g(D*Dpi) coupling with experiment
The introduction of an explicit negative radial excitation contribution in
the hadronic side of the light cone QCD sum rule (LCSR) of Belyaev, Braun,
Khodjamirian and Ruckl, can explain the large experimental value of g(D*Dpi),
recently measured by CLEO. At the same time, it considerably improves the
stability of the sum rule when varying the Borel parameter.Comment: 9 pages, 1 PostScript figure
Supra-nutritional vitamin E supplementation for 28 days before slaughter maximises muscle vitamin E concentration in finisher pigs
A 4 × 3 factorial experiment (n= 8 pigs per treatment combination) was conducted with 96 female Landrace × Large White pigs to examine the required level of dietary vitamin E and optimum feeding duration before slaughter to maximise muscle vitamin E content in the Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle. The respective factors were four dietary levels of vitamin E (supplemented as dl-α-tocopheryl acetate; 35, 300, 500, and 700 IU/kg) and three feeding durations (14, 28 and 42 days before slaughter). Vitamin E concentration in the LTL was maximised at 6 mg/kg, which was achieved by feeding a 700 IU vitamin E diet for 28 days before slaughter (P < 0.001). There was no further increase in the vitamin E content of the LTL by feeding the high vitamin E diet more than 28 days before slaughter
Stabilities of nanohydrated thymine radical cations: insights from multiphoton ionization experiments and ab initio calculations
Multi-photon ionization experiments have been carried out on thymine-water clusters in the gas phase. Metastable H2O loss from T+(H2O)n was observed at n ≥ 3 only. Ab initio quantum-chemical calculations of a large range of optimized T+(H2O)n conformers have been performed up to n = 4, enabling binding energies of water to be derived. These decrease smoothly with n, consistent with the general trend of increasing metastable H2O loss in the experimental data. The lowest-energy conformers of T+(H2O)3 and T+(H2O)4 feature intermolecular bonding via charge-dipole interactions, in contrast with the purely hydrogen-bonded neutrals. We found no evidence for a closed hydration shell at n = 4, also contrasting with studies of neutral clusters
Giant Shapiro steps for two-dimensional Josephson-junction arrays with time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau dynamics
Two-dimensional Josephson junction arrays at zero temperature are
investigated numerically within the resistively shunted junction (RSJ) model
and the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) model with global conservation of
current implemented through the fluctuating twist boundary condition (FTBC).
Fractional giant Shapiro steps are found for {\em both} the RSJ and TDGL cases.
This implies that the local current conservation, on which the RSJ model is
based, can be relaxed to the TDGL dynamics with only global current
conservation, without changing the sequence of Shapiro steps. However, when the
maximum widths of the steps are compared for the two models some qualitative
differences are found at higher frequencies. The critical current is also
calculated and comparisons with earlier results are made. It is found that the
FTBC is a more adequate boundary condition than the conventional uniform
current injection method because it minimizes the influence of the boundary.Comment: 6 pages including 4 figures in two columns, final versio
Spin polarization and magneto-luminescence of confined electron-hole systems
A BCS-like variational wave-function, which is exact in the infinite field
limit, is used to study the interplay among Zeeman energies, lateral
confinement and particle correlations induced by the Coulomb interactions in
strongly pumped neutral quantum dots. Band mixing effects are partially
incorporated by means of field-dependent masses and g-factors. The spin
polarization and the magneto-luminescence are computed as functions of the
number of electron-hole pairs present in the dot and the applied magnetic
field.Comment: To appear in Phys. Rev.
Resonant Raman scattering off neutral quantum dots
Resonant inelastic (Raman) light scattering off neutral GaAs quantum dots
which contain a mean number, N=42, of electron-hole pairs is computed. We find
Raman amplitudes corresponding to strongly collective final states
(charge-density excitations) of similar magnitude as the amplitudes related to
weakly collective or single-particle excitations. As a function of the incident
laser frequency or the magnetic field, they are rapidly varying amplitudes. It
is argued that strong Raman peaks should come out in the spin-density channels,
not related to valence-band mixing effects in the intermediate states.Comment: Accepted in Physical Review
Can residuals of the Solar system foreground explain low multipole anomalies of the CMB ?
The low multipole anomalies of the Cosmic Microwave Background has received
much attention during the last few years. It is still not ascertained whether
these anomalies are indeed primordial or the result of systematics or
foregrounds. An example of a foreground, which could generate some non-Gaussian
and statistically anisotropic features at low multipole range, is the very
symmetric Kuiper Belt in the outer solar system. In this paper, expanding upon
the methods presented by Maris et al. (2011), we investigate the contributions
from the Kuiper Belt objects (KBO) to the WMAP ILC 7 map, whereby we can
minimize the contrast in power between even and odd multipoles in the CMB,
discussed discussed by Kim & Naselsky (2010). We submit our KBO de-correlated
CMB signal to several tests, to analyze its validity, and find that
incorporation of the KBO emission can decrease the quadrupole-octupole
alignment and parity asymmetry problems, provided that the KBO signals has a
non-cosmological dipole modulation, associated with the statistical anisotropy
of the ILC 7 map. Additionally, we show that the amplitude of the dipole
modulation, within a 2 sigma interval, is in agreement with the corresponding
amplitudes, discussed by Lew (2008).Comment: 24 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables. Matches version in JCA
Viability of primordial black holes as short period gamma-ray bursts
It has been proposed that the short period gamma-ray bursts, which occur at a
rate of , may be evaporating primordial black holes
(PBHs). Calculations of the present PBH evaporation rate have traditionally
assumed that the PBH mass function varies as . This mass
function only arises if the density perturbations from which the PBHs form have
a scale invariant power spectrum. It is now known that for a scale invariant
power spectrum, normalised to COBE on large scales, the PBH density is
completely negligible, so that this mass function is cosmologically irrelevant.
For non-scale-invariant power spectra, if all PBHs which form at given epoch
have a fixed mass then the PBH mass function is sharply peaked around that
mass, whilst if the PBH mass depends on the size of the density perturbation
from which it forms, as is expected when critical phenomena are taken into
account, then the PBH mass function will be far broader than . In this paper we calculate the present day PBH evaporation rate,
using constraints from the diffuse gamma-ray background, for both of these mass
functions. If the PBH mass function has significant finite width, as recent
numerical simulations suggest, then it is not possible to produce a present day
PBH evaporation rate comparable with the observed short period gamma-ray burst
rate. This could also have implications for other attempts to detect
evaporating PBHs.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D with additional
reference
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