Who's Getting Cited: Representation of Women and Non-White Scholars in Major American Criminology and Criminal Justice Journals Between 1986-2005

This article presents findings from an ongoing study of the integration of women and non-white scholarship into the discipline of criminology and criminal justice. The most-cited women and non-white scholars in six major American journals were determined for 1986–2005 to investigate (1) if the dissemination of published research findings in criminology and criminal justice (CCJ) is affected by gender and race/ethnicity and (2) if changes in scholarly influence of women and non-white scholars in CCJ over 20 years exists. A number of explanations are suggested to account for gender and racial differentials in citation rates

Supporting Service-Learning in an Existing Curriculum

This group presentation is interactive and provides a solution-based approach to service-learning. Participants may be involved in a variety of ways such as taking part in small-group activities, role playing, case studies, simulations, problem solving or other hands-on instructional activities and will leave with service-learning ideas for their course(s)

The New Normal, Adjuncts and Part-Time Instructors

Department chairs are under increasing pressure from administration to replace departing full-time professors with adjuncts. The chair is faced with a challenging environment that includes navigating personalities, workloads, student perception, varied commitment levels, and meeting accreditation standards. Strategies are discussed as participants share ideas to navigate this complicated issue

Pressure relieving support surfaces (PRESSURE) trial : cost effectiveness analysis

Objective To assess tire cost effectiveness of alternating pressure mattresses compared with alternating pressure overlays for the prevention of pressure ulcers in patients admitted to hospital. Design Cost effectiveness analysis carried out alongside the pressure relieving support surfaces (PRESSURE) trial; a multicentre UK based pragmatic randomised controlled trial. Setting 11 hospitals in six UK NHS trusts. Participants Intention to treat population comprising 1971 participants. Main outcome measures Kaplan Meier estimates of restricted mean time to development of pressure ulcers and total costs for treatment in hospital. Results Alternating pressure mattresses were associated with lower overall costs (283.6 pound per patient on average, 95% confidence interval -377.59 pound to. 976.79) pound mainly due to reduced length of stay in hospital, and greater benefits (a delay in time to ulceration of 10.64 days on average, - 24.40 to 3.09). The differences in health benefits and total costs for hospital stay between alternating pressure mattresses and alternating pressure overlays were not statistically significant; however, a cost effectiveness acceptability curve indicated that on average alternating pressure mattresses compared with alternating pressure overlays were associated with air 80% probability of being cost saving. Conclusion Alternating pressure mattresses for the prevention of pressure ulcers are more likely to be cost effective and are more acceptable to patients than alternating pressure overlays

Stress, enrichment and the welfare of domestic cats in rescue shelters

EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Economically Disadvantaged Students: A Case Study of Resilient Qualities that Encourage Academic Success

This case study examined academically successful economically disadvantaged (ED) students from one intact Caucasian family through parents\u27, students\u27, and teachers\u27 perceptions of the reasons for resilience. The problem is that little research exists exploring qualities of academically successful ED Caucasian students. Because being a high school dropout significantly affects students, families, schools, and society, risk factors were explored; protective factors that help students overcome risk factors were also investigated. This study describes why academically successful ED students from one intact Caucasian family in Tennessee thrive despite risk factors working against them. Findings include the importance of Christian faith to the family in the case study and its positive effect on academic achievement. Suggestions for further research are also included

Forecasting Evaluation of WindSat in the Coastal Environment

WindSat has demonstrated that measurements from polarimetric space-based microwave radiometers can be used to retrieve global ocean surface vector winds. Since the date of launch in 2003, substantial incremental improvements have been made to WindSat data processing, calibration, and retrieval algorithms. The retrievals now have higher resolution, improved wind vector ambiguity removal, and enhanced capability to represent high winds. Utilization of WindSat retrievals (wind vectors, total precipitable water, rainrate and sea surface temperature) will be demonstrated in the context of operational weather forecasting applications, especially the monitoring of topographically-forced winds. Examples will be presented from various parts of the world, including inland seas, midlatitude oceans, the tropics, and the United States. We will illustrate retrievals in extreme high- and extreme low-wind regimes, both of which can be problematic. Rain contamination will be addressed. We will include a comparison of WindSat vector maps to corresponding maps from the QuikScat scatterometer. We will discuss how near-realtime data from WindSat is being transitioned to specific offices within the National Weather Service

Changes in Fish Catch Rates in the Presence of Air Gun Sounds in Prudhoe Bay, Alaska

Air guns used in oil industry seismic surveys have the capacity to change fish catch rates, but no previous work has demonstrated this effect in shallow water or in Arctic oilfields. Long-term monitoring of fish catches using four fyke nets allowed assessment of changes in catch rates during a 2014 seismic survey in Prudhoe Bay, Alaska. Fyke net locations were instrumented with both conventional hydrophones and vector sensors. Catch rates were generally within the range of those found in 27 previous sampling seasons. The effect of air guns on eight species was assessed using a modified Before-After/Control-Impact analysis, with historical data and 2014 data as the Before-After components of the analysis and days without and with air gun activity as the Control-Impact components. Results showed significant changes associated with air guns in catch rates at one or more nets at p < 0.1 for all eight species and at p < 0.05 for seven of the eight. Changes included both increased and decreased catch rates, perhaps reflecting displacement of fish in response to air gun sounds throughout the study area. Measured sound pressure levels associated with air gun pulses were low and usually undetectable close to the fyke nets, reflecting the loss of low frequencies in shallow water (~1.5 m). Attempts to measure particle velocities failed when wind-driven surface waves overwhelmed vector sensors. However, fish responses may have been related to changes in particle motion associated with air gun sounds.Les armes à air comprimé dont on se sert pour faire les levés sismiques dans l’industrie pétrolière ont la capacité de changer le taux de capture des poissons, mais aucune étude n’a jamais démontré l’effet de ces armes dans les eaux peu profondes ou dans les champs pétrolifères de l’Arctique. La surveillance à long terme des prises de poissons à l’aide de quatre verveux a permis d’évaluer les changements en matière de taux de prises pendant un levé sismique qui a eu lieu à Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, en 2014. Les emplacements de verveux ont été munis d’hydrophones classiques et de capteurs de vecteur. De manière générale, les taux de prises coïncidaient avec la gamme répertoriée au cours des 27 saisons d’échantillonnage précédentes. L’effet des armes à air comprimé sur huit espèces a été évalué au moyen d’une analyse modifiée avant-après/contrôle-impact, les données historiques et les données de 2014 représentant les composantes avant-après de l’analyse, puis les jours avec et les jours sans activité d’armes à air comprimé représentant les composantes contrôle-impact de l’analyse. Les résultats ont permis de constater d’importants changements liés à l’emploi d’armes à air comprimé pour ce qui est des taux de prises à un ou plusieurs verveux, à p < 0,1 pour les huit espèces, et à p < 0,05 pour sept des huit espèces. Les changements se sont caractérisés à la fois par des taux de prises plus élevés et moins élevés, ce qui reflétait peut-être le déplacement des poissons en raison du son des armes à air comprimé dans la zone visée par l’étude. Les niveaux de pression sonore mesurés en lien avec les impulsions d’armes à air comprimé étaient faibles et habituellement indétectables à proximité des verveux, signe de la perte des ondes kilométriques dans l’eau peu profonde (~1,5 m). Les tentatives de mesure des vitesses acoustiques des particules ont échoué lorsque les ondes de surface poussées par le vent submergeaient les capteurs de vecteur. Toutefois, la réaction des poissons aurait pu être liée aux changements sur le plan du mouvement des particules découlant du son des armes à air comprimé

Chemically Modified Oligonucleotides Modulate an Epigenetically Varied and Transient Form of Transcription Silencing of HIV-1 in Human Cells

Small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to guide epigenetic silencing complexes to target loci in human cells. When targeted to gene promoters, these small RNAs can lead to long-term stable epigenetic silencing of gene transcription. To date, small RNAs have been shown to modulate transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) as well as several other disease-related genes, but it has remained unknown as to what extent particular chemistries can be used to generate single-stranded backbone-modified oligonucleotides that are amenable to this form of gene targeting and regulation. Here, we present data indicating that specific combinations of backbone modifications can be used to generate single-stranded antisense oligonucleotides that can functionally direct TGS of HIV-1 in a manner that is however, independent of epigenetic changes at the target loci. Furthermore, this functionality appears contingent on the absence of a 5′ phosphate in the oligonucleotide. These data suggest that chemically modified oligonucleotide based approaches could be implemented as a means to regulate gene transcription in an epigenetically independent manner

Large Scale Magnetic Fields: Galaxy Two-Point correlation function

We study the effect of large scale tangled magnetic fields on the galaxy two-point correlation function in the redshift space. We show that (a) the magnetic field effects can be comparable the gravity-induced clustering for present magnetic field strength $B_0 \simeq 5 \times 10^{-8}$ G, (b) the absence of this signal from the present data gives an upper bound B_0 \la 3 \times 10^{-8} G, (c) the future data can probe the magnetic fields of $\simeq 10^{-8}$ G. A comparison with other constraints on the present magnetic field shows that they are marginally compatible.However if the magenetic fields corresponding to $B_0 \simeq 10^{-8}$ G existed at the last scattering surface they will cause unacceptably large CMBR anisotropies.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA