63 research outputs found
The Anticancer Mechanism Of Ibuprofen Or Indomethacin In Colorectal Cancer Cells [RS431.A64 K45 2007 f rb].
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for their anticancer activities. Besides being non-selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, both NSAIDs are also direct ligands for peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR).
Ibuprofen dan indometasin adalah antara drug antiinflamatori
bukan steroid (NSAIDs) yang kerap dikaji untuk aktiviti-aktiviti anti kansernya. Selain daripada perencat siklooksigenase-2 (COX-2) bukan pilihan, kedua-dua NSAIDs ini adalah ligan langsung untuk reseptorgama pengaktif proliferators peroksimase (PPAR_)
A Comparison on the MRL Performances of Optimal MEWMA and Optimal MCUSUM Control Charts
The MEWMA (called the multivariate exponentially weighted moving average) chart and the MCUSUM (called the multivariate cumulative sum) chart are used in process monitoring when a quick detection of small or moderate shifts in the mean vector is desired. The primary objective of this study is to compare the performances of the optimal MEWMA and optimal MCUSUM charts based on their median run length (MRL) profiles. The number of quality characteristics considered is p = 2. Two cases are studied, i.e., Case 1 (a shift in only one variable) and Case 2 (a shift in two variables). A Monte Carlo simulation is conducted using Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) to study and compare the MRL performances for various magnitudes of mean shifts when the process is normally distributed. Overall, the results show that the MRL performances of the MEWMA and MCUSUM charts are comparable
Pichia-expressed recombinant D6 and DARC negatively affect cell migration and invasion of breast cancer cells
Atypical chemokine receptor proteins are termed ‘decoy proteins’ as their binding to the respective ligands does not lead to a typical signaling pathway but intercepts the action of chemokines. This method of chemokine activity regulation may also function in tumor suppression. D6 and DARC (Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines) have been reported as decoy chemokine receptors in cancer studies. Purified Pichia-expressed D6 and DARC, produced in-house, were used in cell-based studies to test their biological activities. Cell viability tests showed that recombinant D6 and DARC did not affect cell viability significantly, suggesting that they were not involved in breast cancer cell death. Wound healing assays showed that the presence of recombinant D6 or DARC at 10 μg/mL optimally inhibited the migration of breast cancer cells. ELISA showed an inverse relationship between the recombinant proteins and CCL levels in the treated cells. Migration assay using Boyden chamber demonstrated the function of the recombinant proteins in inhibiting chemotaxis activity of treated cells. Invasion assay showed the ability of the recombinant proteins in inhibiting the invasion property of treated cells. Comparison of single and combinatorial effects of the recombinant proteins showed that the combination of D6 and DARC at a 1:1 ratio (10 μg/mL) is most effective in reducing CCL levels and inhibiting the migration and invasion of treated cells. It was shown that the purified Pichia-expressed recombinant D6 and DARC are the negative regulators of breast cancer cell migration and invasion, and the inhibition effects were greater when they were used in combination
A study on the S<sup>2</sup>-EWMA chart for monitoring the process variance based on the MRL performance
Autophagic Cell Death Is Induced by Acetone and Ethyl Acetate Extracts from Eupatorium odoratum In Vitro: Effects on MCF-7 and Vero Cell Lines
Eupatorium odoratum (EO) contains many biologically active compounds, the anticancer effects of which are not well documented. This study evaluates the cytotoxic effects and mechanism of action of EO extracts on MCF-7 and Vero cell lines. Evaluation of the cytotoxic activity using MTT assay, morphological alterations, and apoptosis were carried out. Autophagy was evaluated by LC3-A protein expression. Cytotoxic activity, membrane blebbing and ballooning at 24 hours, replacement by mass vacuolation, and double membrane vesicles mimicking autophagy and cell death were observed in the cancer cells. No apoptosis was observed by DNA fragmentation assay. Overexpression of LC3-A protein indicated autophagic cell death. Cell cycle analysis showed G0 and G2/M arrest. The Vero cells did not show significant cell death at concentrations <100 μg/mL. These results thus suggest that acetone and ethyl acetate extracts of EO induce cell death through induction of autophagy and hold potential for development as potential anticancer drugs
New molecular biologist perspective and insight: DNA topoisomerases production by recombinant DNA technology for medical laboratory application and pharmaceutical industry
DNA topoisomerases are essential enzymes that control the topological
state of DNA replication during mitosis. These enzymes are classified
based on their mechanisms and physical properties. During mitosis,
superhelical DNA must be unwound or relaxed by DNA topoisomerases prior
to a decoding step by DNA processing enzymes, such as DNA polymerase
and RNA polymerase. By blocking the reaction of resealing the breaks in
the DNA ultimately can result in cellular death. Compounds that inhibit
the catalytic function of these enzymes can serve as potential
anticancer agents. DNA topoisomerases are found in nature and used as
high quality and well-validated targets for the screening of potential
anticancer agents. Our current work focuses on determining potential
anticancer agents from natural resources using DNA topoisomerases as
the screening targets. Large scale production of these enzymes using
recombinant DNA technology in our academic laboratory is utilised to
avoid dependence on expensive commercially available enzymes. The
in-house produced enzymes can also be used to enhance our research in
the field of molecular medicine by providing an enzyme source that can
be used to screen potential anticancer agents, and for other newly
developed diagnostic and medical research projects in the near future
as well as a step in moving our efforts into the industrial sector
Comparing the expression of human DNA topoisomerase I in KM71H and X33 strains of Pichia pastoris
Background: Human is an essential cellular enzyme that is found in all
human cells. As this enzyme is upregulated in cancer cells exceedingly,
it is used as a target for cancer chemotherapeutic drug development. As
such, producing the in-house enzyme for the purpose to speed up the
search for more cost-effective and target specific hTopoI inhibitors is
warranted. This study aims to compare the optimised conditions for the
expression of hTopoI in KM71H (MutS) and X33 (Mut+) strains of Pichia
pastoris P. pastoris transfected with an hTopoI recombinant vector
was used for the optimization of a higher level of hTopoI expression.
Results: In the process, fed-batch cultivation parameters that
influence the expression of hTopoI, such as culture temperature,
methanol induction and feeding strategy, were optimised in the
transfected KM71H and X33 P. pastoris strains in a shake flask system.
The cell density and total protein concentration (protein level) of
transfected P. pastoris were compared to determine the optimum culture
conditions for each transfected P. pastoris strain. A higher hTopoI
level was observed in the transfected KM71H culture supernatant (2.26
ng/mL) when the culture was incubated in the optimum conditions.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that MutS strain (KM71H) expressed
and secreted a higher level of hTopoI heterologous protein in the
presence of methanol compared to the Mut+ strain; X33 (0.75 ng/mL).
However, other aspects of optimization, such as pH, should also be
considered in the future, to obtain the optimum expression level of
hTopoI in P. pastoris
Potential Effects of Chrysin on MDA-MB-231 Cells
This study aims to elucidate the effects of chrysin on human ER-negative breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. The study demonstrated that treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with 20 μM chysin for 48 h significantly inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells and induced cytoplasmic lipid accumulation in the cells, but that the observed of cell death was not caused by apoptosis. The expression of PPARalpha mRNA in chrysin-treated MDA-MB-231 cells was significantly increased, which was likely associated to the proliferation of the cells post chrysin treatment
Modification of MCF-10A Cells with Pioglitazone and Serum-Rich Growth Medium Increases Soluble Factors in the Conditioned Medium, Likely Reducing BT-474 Cell Growth
In the present study, we aimed to preincubate MCF-10A cells with pioglitazone and/or serum-rich growth media and to determine adhesive and non-adhesive interactions of the preincubated MCF-10A cells with BT-474 cells. For this purpose, the MCF-10A cells were preincubated with pioglitazone and/or serum-rich growth media, at appropriate concentrations, for 1 week. The MCF-10A cells preincubated with pioglitazone and/or serum-rich growth media were then co-cultured adhesively and non-adhesively with BT-474 cells for another week. Co-culture of BT-474 cells with the preincubated MCF-10A cells, both adhesively and non-adhesively, reduced the growth of the cancer cells. The inhibitory effect of the preincubated MCF-10A cells against the growth of BT-474 cells was likely produced by increasing levels of soluble factors secreted by the preincubated MCF-10A cells into the conditioned medium, as immunoassayed by ELISA. However, only an elevated level of a soluble factor distinguished the conditioned medium collected from the MCF-10A cells preincubated with pioglitazone and serum-rich growth medium than that with pioglitazone alone. This finding was further confirmed by the induction of the soluble factor transcript expression in the preincubated MCF-10A cells, as determined using real-time PCR, for the above phenomenon. Furthermore, modification of the MCF-10A cells through preincubation did not change the morphology of the cells, indicating that the preincubated cells may potentially be injected into mammary fat pads to reduce cancer growth in patients or to be used for others cell-mediated therapy
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