Determine the Effect of Propionate on the Interactions Between Macrophages and Listeria monocytogenes

Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic and intracellular food-borne pathogen that can be deadly in high risk populations. During infection in the human body, L. monocytogenes may encounter macrophages, a type of white blood cell that is critical in innate immune response both by directly targeting invading pathogens and by eliciting adaptive immune responses. During intestinal as well as peripheral infections, both L. monocytogenes and macrophages may encounter propionate, a common gut microbiome metabolite. Although propionate is shown to have various regulatory and nutritional functions, its effects on infection outcome is not well understood. Therefore, the goal of this research is to determine how the exposure to propionate by L. monocytogenes and macrophages may affect subsequent infection outcomes. Specifically, the effects of propionate on phagocytic activity of macrophages have been quantified by measuring macrophage uptake of fluorescently labeled L. monocytogenes after exposure to different propionate concentrations. Additionally, the effects of propionate on the bactericidal activities inside macrophage phagosomes was determined by quantifying the number of intracellular L. monocytogenes mutant deficient in listeriolysin O remained inside phagosomes instead of escaping into the cytoplasm. The findings of this research will provide more information on how the immune response is regulated by propionate and offer a mechanistic insight into the vast role of the gut microbiome.https://ecommons.udayton.edu/stander_posters/3123/thumbnail.jp

The situation of lyrical literature in the sixth century

The sixth century is the Seljuk period from exciting times to different centuries in Iran. This study analyzes the causes and factors of changes in the style of poetry and its content and themes and changes the sponsors of poetry and finding poetry among the common people Mysticism and Sufism have dealt with the needs of the troubled society of that century.  In this study, due to the tendency of the monasteries towards the monasteries in the sixth century and the lack of attention of the Seljuk kings to the poets, there was a lack of introspection of the poet and interesting mystical agreements in his view and attention

The situation of lyrical literature in the sixth century

The sixth century is the Seljuk period from exciting times to different centuries in Iran. This study analyzes the causes and factors of changes in the style of poetry and its content and themes and changes the sponsors of poetry and finding poetry among the common people Mysticism and Sufism have dealt with the needs of the troubled society of that century.  In this study, due to the tendency of the monasteries towards the monasteries in the sixth century and the lack of attention of the Seljuk kings to the poets, there was a lack of introspection of the poet and interesting mystical agreements in his view and attention

STUDY ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR FOR BAKERY PRODUCTS

oai:ojs2.ijaast.com:article/1Due to the change in lifestyle, consumption of bakery products increases rapidly worldwide. This study was done tounderstand the behavior of consumers towards bakery products on the basis of various factors like age group and gender ofconsumers, flavor, texture, taste, odor, price of bakery products. Data was collected by survey (questionnaire) in the form ofresponses and these responses were analyzed by using chi-square test to test the relationship between different categoricalvariables. Objectives of this study were to study the different factors influencing the selection of bakery products and to study theconsumer behavior towards bakery products. According to the study, males of 20 to 40 years age group involved in services (jobs)were highest consumer of bakery products i.e. 82%. Another finding of this study was, factors (flavor, texture, raw material, odor,smell, price of bakery products) directly influence consumers buying decision. With the help of Chi-square test a satisfactoryrelationship was obtained between these variables i.e. for raw material X2>0.17908 (df=1), for flavor X2>0.73588 (df=1), forfortification X2>0.02518 (df=1), for nutritive value X2>0.012216 (df=1). Overall a positive behavior of consumers was recorded bythis research. View Article DOI: 10.47856/ijaast.2021.v08i3.00

Iranian human genome project: Overview of a research process among Iranian ethnicities

The Human Genome Project (HGP) refers to the international scientific research program, formally begun in October 1990 and completed in 2003, mainly designated to discover all the human genes, analyzing the structure of human DNA and determining the location of all human genes and also making them accessible for further biological and medical investigations. With the appropriate rationale approach, a similar study has been held in Iran. The study of human genome among Iranian ethnicities (IHGP) has been attempted formally in 2000 through a detailed and fully programmed research among all the major ethnic groups by more than 1,900 samples from all over Iran based on the main demographical and anthropological findings and formally known criteria considered for the international HGP. This paper overviewed the process of the research in the terms of program goals, primary data collection, research designation and methodology and also practical aspects and primary findings of the Iranian genome project and its progress during a nearly 5-year period

Assessment of the content of uranium and thorium in the scale of drinking water in the territory of Southern Kazakhstan

The article presents the results of a study of radioactive elements (U, Th) in salt formations of drinking water in South Kazakhstan. The topic is relevant for this region since large uranium deposits are located here, which are actively being developed today. As a result of the study, we found that the accumulation of uranium and thorium in the salt formations of drinking water in South Kazakhstan is formed mainly due to the peculiarities of the geological structure of the region under study, the Th/U ratio also confirms this fact. The increased content of thorium in the scale of the village of Saryagash is of interest, since the territory is the center of sanatorium-resort treatment, and requires further more detailed study

The fungal threat to global food security

Fungi threaten the security of food supply to human populations on several fronts. They destroy up to 30 % of crop products through disease and spoilage processes, while mycotoxin-producing fungi and opportunistic pathogens endanger food safety. Control of these fungi is vital for improving food security, but current measures are inadequate and further challenges due to human-population growth and climate change are escalating. Investment and innovation in research on strategies to control fungal growth, harnessed through international, inter-disciplinary collaboration across socio-economic boundaries, provides one key to rising to this challenge

Αξιοποίηση αποβλήτων βιομηχανίας παραγωγής χυμού πορτοκαλιού

Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο--Μεταπτυχιακή Εργασία. Διεπιστημονικό-Διατμηματικό Πρόγραμμα Μεταπτυχιακών Σπουδών (Δ.Π.Μ.Σ.) “Συστήματα Αυτοματισμού

Extraction of phenol compound from Mentha piperita by ultrasonic waves based on a response surface methodology

In this study, optimization of the extraction of phenol compounds from Mentha piperita using ultrasonic waves with response surface methodology (RSM) was assessed. In this regard, a central composite design with three independent variables of time (5, 27.5, and 50 min), temperature (25, 45, and 65°C), and concentrations of ethanol in the water–ethanol solution (0%, 50%, and 100%) was used. Besides, the antioxidant activity tests (DPPH radical scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power [FRAP], and oxidative stability indexes [OSI]) were examined. Significant effects of independent variables on the extraction of phenol compound, DPPH radical scavenging power, and OSI of M. piperita extract, with the regression coefficients of 0.89, 0.92, and 0.94, respectively, were noted. However, no significant difference in terms of the FRAP among different treatments was noted. Also, the best antioxidant activity of M. piperita was obtained by using the ultrasonic wave for 50 min at 65°C and 59.6% v/v ethanol/water solution. While the findings of RSM confirmed the experimental results, due to the favored properties of M. piperita extract by the proposed method, further research to investigate possible applications in the food industry is recommended