Investigation on the Thermo-Regulating Fabric by Using Phase Change Material for Modern Textile Practical Application

Phase change materials (PCM) which can store energy and increased thermal properties of fabric applied on over a narrow temperature range. It is antiphonal to temperature change by absorbing or releasing heat which is potential for human skin. PCM for Thermal Energy Storage (TES) are materials supplying thermal regulation and change particular phase in temperatures by absorbing and emitting medium condition heat. Polyethylene glycol (PEG-1000) is used as PCM in this experiment and we took a 2.5% concentration that was encapsulated by using an in-situ polymerization technique. PEG microcapsules are verified by measuring FTIR analysis and DSC studies. The heat storage capacity of 2.5% PEG coated fabric was determined to be 2842.5120 J/g and for binder coated fabric 1557.8 J/g by DSC analysis and FT-IR analysis of PEG microcapsules exhibited the highest peak at 3400-2400cm−1 this is the characteristic absorption peaks of –OH stretching vibrations and we got average stiffness values for binder coated is 0.49 (warp wise) and 0.57(weft wise) and for 2.5% PEG coated is 0.71(warp wise) and 0.98(weft wise).  After that the treated fabrics were characterized with respect to their morphology and the laundering durability testing of 5 and 10 cycles was evaluated for practical use. In this paper we investigated about cooling effect of Fabric by using 2.5%. PCMs via the storage of latent heat by producing microcapsules showed higher thermal energy amount, than the binder coated fabric

Growth of Citrus Fruits in Pakistan

Agriculture is a chief source of economic development and workforce of Pakistan as it contributes 18.5 percent to GDP (Gross Domestic Product), provides 37.4 percent to employment. A well-performing agriculture sector is a key to economic growth but over the decade its performance had been diminutive in Pakistan. Low yield of citrus fruits that is the challenge facing developing countries including Pakistan. The current article identifies information and issues with citrus fruits growth in Pakistan. For the year 2018 area under citrus fruits was 200461 hectares with a production of 2247956 tonnes and yield 112139 hg/hectare in Pakistan. Pakistani farmers are cultivating sweet oranges more than other varieties of citrus fruits. With respect to bordering countries the average yield of Pakistan is more than Afghanistan and less than Iran, China and India. Main constraints to less productivity are: high cost of production, price-instability, and lack of capital, professionalism, technology & infrastructure. Pets and diseases also causes to less yield. Pakistan can earn foreign exchange more by export of juices rather than export of fresh citrus fruits

Improving Ability and Lane Detection of Self-Directed-Car

Driverless vehicles are on the move to announcement by Google, which drove more than 500,000 miles on its original model vehicles and further key automakers specify the prospective enlargement in this region with the capability to convert the transportation infrastructure, enlarge access and convey settlement to variety of user. A few users address the anticipated unfinished convenience of self directed cars by 2020 with accessibility to the community by 2040.Certain trust that self-directed car make necessary to renovate the modern transportation that fundamentally removing coincidences andcleaning uptheroadenvironment.Thisstudyunderstandstheeffectsthat self- driving car orroboticvehicletravel demandsandride schemeislikelytohave,without thetypicalobstaclesthatallowsdetectionof vision basedhardwareandsoftware constructionof SDC (self-directed car) technologyandGold(GenericObstacleLaneDetection) toa knowledge-basedsystemtoexpectthepotentialandconsidertheshape,color, balancein organizedenvironmentwithcoloredlane patternswhichisimplemented by a particlefilter. Thealgorithm is implemented andtestingwereapprovedonroadsandthe consequences show the strength ofthe algorithm to the problemnatural in road location.Driverless vehicles are on the move to announcement by Google, which drove more than 500,000 miles on its original model vehicles and further key automakers specify the prospective enlargement in this region with the capability to convert the transportation infrastructure, enlarge access and convey settlement to variety of user. A few users address the anticipated unfinished convenience of self directed cars by 2020 with accessibility to the community by 2040.Certain trust that self-directed car make necessary to renovate the modern transportation that fundamentally removing coincidences andcleaning uptheroadenvironment.Thisstudyunderstandstheeffectsthat self- driving car orroboticvehicletravel demandsandride schemeislikelytohave,without thetypicalobstaclesthatallowsdetectionof vision basedhardwareandsoftware constructionof SDC (self-directed car) technologyandGold(GenericObstacleLaneDetection) toa knowledge-basedsystemtoexpectthepotentialandconsidertheshape,color, balancein organizedenvironmentwithcoloredlane patternswhichisimplemented by a particlefilter. Thealgorithm is implemented andtestingwereapprovedonroadsandthe consequences show the strength ofthe algorithm to the problemnatural in road location

Unveiling the dynamics between consumer brand engagement, experience, and relationship quality towards luxury hotel brands : Moderating investigation of brand reputation

Funding This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.Peer reviewedPostprin

Fabry’s Disease: Case Series and Review of Literature

Fabry’s disease is an X‑linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of alpha‑galactosidase A enzyme with the progressive accumulation of globotriaosylceramide in vascular endothelial cells leading to cardiovascular, renal, gastrointestinal, neuropathic, lenticular, and dermatological manifestations. It is a rare cause of end‑stage renal disease. It classically affects males whereas 10–15% of female heterozygote carriers are affected depending on localization. Both the FD and its association with ESRD is rare. With this background, this case series of five patient’s along with the review of literature is presented here.Keywords: Alpha‑galactosidase A, End‑stage renal disease, Fabry’s disease, Kidney transplantation, Proteinuri

A COMPARISON OF THE LEGAL AND SOCIAL ATTITUDES TOWARDS ADULTERY IN SAUDI ARABIA AND PAKISTAN

Adultery is considered a major sin in Islam and is prohibited in all Muslim societies. However, there are differences in the legal and social attitudes towards adultery in different Muslim countries. This article aims to compare the legal and social attitudes towards adultery in Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, two Muslim-majority countries with different legal systems and cultural norms. The article begins with an overview of the Islamic perspective on adultery, as outlined in the Quran and Hadith. It then delves into the legal frameworks governing adultery in Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, including the penal codes and the judicial procedures for prosecuting, and punishing adulterers. Furthermore, the article explores the social attitudes towards adultery in these two countries, including the cultural norms and religious beliefs that influence people's perceptions of this issue. It examines the role of family and community in shaping these attitudes, as well as the impact of modernization and globalization on traditional values. The article draws upon a range of sources, including Islamic texts, legal documents, academic literature, and media reports. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the similarities and differences between Saudi Arabia and Pakistan in their legal and social attitudes towards adultery. Overall, this article contributes to the understanding of how Islam shapes the legal and social attitudes towards adultery in different Muslim societies, and the implications of these attitudes for the lives of people living in these societies

Antibacterial activity of honey in north-west Pakistan against select human pathogens

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the antimicrobial activity of commercially available honey and raw honey samples in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, against pathogenic bacterial strains.MethodsWell diffusion assays were performed to screen pure and diluted honey samples for antibacterial activity against six Gram-negative and six Gram-positive bacterial strains. Zones of inhibition were measured and compared with 10 mg Gentamycin.RESULTSWhen honey samples were diluted to 20%-70%, the honey samples showed no activity to mild antibacterial activity. The highest antibacterial activity was recorded when 90% and pure undiluted honey samples were tested and compared with a control Gentamycin disc (10 mg).ConclusionCommercially processed honey and raw honey samples from north-west of Pakistan possess good antimicrobial potential

Conversion of Waste Marble Powder into a Binding Material

In the marble industry, a lot of marble is wasted in the form of odd blocks of various sizes and slurry consisting of water and micro-fine particles. The slurry on drying converts into powder. Both slurry and powder have adverse effects on the environment. This research is focused on the gainful utilization of waste marble powder (WMP) by converting it into a valuable binding material. For this purpose, WMP and clay were collected, and their physical and chemical properties were determined. A mix of WMP and clay was prepared and burnt at a temperature around 1300 oC. The burnt mix was ground to powder form to get marble cement (MC). The MC was then used in mortar. The compressive and flexural strengths of mortar cubes and prisms were determined. Apart from this, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis were also carried out. The chemical composition showed that the MC has 52.5% di-calcium silicate (C2S) and 3.5% tri-calcium silicate (C3S).The  compressive strength of MC mortar after 28 days curing is 6.03 MPa, which is higher than M1 mortar of building code of Pakistan (5 MPa). The compressive strength of MC mortar after one year is 20.67 MPa, which is only 17% less than OPC mortar

MENTAL TOUGHNESS AND ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE: A GENDER ANALYSIS OF CORPORATE CRICKET PLAYERS IN PAKISTAN

The present study aimed to explore the relationship of Mental Toughness and Athletic Performance of corporate cricket players of Pakistan on gender bases. Stratified random sampling method (Proportional) was used and 176 corporate cricket players were recruited, including males N1(123) and females N2 (53) (Age 14-43, M= 26.65, SD=5.031). Sample comprised 38.63 % Batsmen, 25% Fast Bowlers, 2.84% Spin bowlers, 27.84% All-rounders and 5.68% Wicket keepers /batsmen. Survey was held and Mental Toughness Inventory (MTI) (Task familiarity, self-efficacy, Future potential, Mental self-Concept and Coach Athlete Rating of Athletic Performance(Level of Aggressiveness, fitness, Concentration, Strength, Motivation, Quickness, Team Cohesion) was used to collect the data. Data was analyzed through SPSS 2.0.Findings of the study suggested a positive correlation (.359**) between Mental Toughness and Athletic Performance. However, male cricket players were found significantly higher than female cricket players in mental toughness and athletic performance while playing at the national level. On the basis of the result study concluded that Mental Toughness is directly proportional to Athlete Performance in corporate cricket players of Pakistan and male cricket players were found significantly higher in mental toughness attributes such as task familiarity, self-efficacy, Future potential, Mental self-Concept

Bioequivalence of 2 Azithromycin Capsule Formulations: A Randomized, Single-Dose, Open-Label, 2-Period Crossover Study in Healthy Male Pakistani Volunteers

AbstractBackgroundApproximately 68 brands of azithromycin capsule formulations are available in Pakistan; however, published data on their bioequivalence in the Pakistani population are not available.ObjectiveUpon instructions from and approval of the Ministry of Health, Pakistan, this study was designed to evaluate the bioequivalence of a locally manufactured azithromycin capsule formulation with a reference formulation from a multinational manufacturer. This study compared dissolution profiles, relative bioavailability, and other pharmacokinetic parameters of the 2 formulations.MethodsA single oral 500-mg dose of the 2 formulations was administered to 12 healthy adult Pakistani male volunteers under fasting conditions in a randomized, open-label, 2-period crossover study. The trial included collection of blood samples over 48 hours and a 2-week washout period. Azithromycin serum concentrations were quantified using a validated RP-HPLC/ultraviolet (UV) detection method. These results were used to determine the intended pharmacokinetic parameters. As mandated by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicine Agency, the test and reference formulations were considered bioequivalent if the 90% CIs of the geometric mean ratios for the log-transformed values of their pharmacokinetic parameters were within the predetermined range of 0.8 to 1.25.ResultsWhen subjected to a simple model independent approach of dissolution profile comparison, f1 (difference) and f2 (similarity factor) were found to be 5.47 and 70.04, respectively. Similarly, the 2 azithromycin capsule formulations were well tolerated by all volunteers. Low %CV of the pharmacokinetic parameters at a sample size of 12 and significance level of 0.05 contributed to acceptable (>0.8) power of the test. The 90% CIs for the ratios of Cmax, AUC0–48, Tmax, t1/2, and mean residence time, respectively, were 0.83–0.93, 0.85–1.10, 0.86–1.08, 0.92–1.17, and 0.92–1.16.ConclusionThis single-dose study found that test and reference formulations met the regulatory criteria for bioequivalence in these fasted, healthy male Pakistani volunteers