Alkaline Cleaning-in-Place of Pink Guava Puree Fouling Deposit Using Lab-scale Cleaning Test Rig

AbstractCleaning-in-place (CIP) of pink guava puree (PGP) fouling deposits is not well known compared to dairy deposits which is well established. Lab-scale cleaning test rig has been used to investigate the cleaning performance of PGP deposits. Removal mechanism during alkaline-based cleaning of PGP deposits were investigated using NaOH concentrations (1.0 wt% -2.0 wt%), temperatures (35 - 70°C) and fluid velocities (0.6-1.5m/s) over a range of Reynolds number (Re= 4x104 - 1.8x105). Cleaning rate was quantified by measuring the remaining area of the deposits at sample holder at every 1min. The efficient CIP process for PGP fouling deposit can be obtained at 1.5m/s, 70°C, with concentration of (1.0 - 2.0wt%)

Synthesis and Characterization of copper oxide(II) nanoparticles prepared by hydrothermal process

تم استخدام طريقة الهدرجة الحرارية لتحضير جسيمات اوكسيد النحاس النانوية , يمكن تحضير جسيمات النحاس النانوية بدون استخدام المذيبات العضوية او مواد غالية الثمن بأستخدام الهدرجة الحرارية. حيود الاشعة السينية أكد بان جسيمات النحاس النانوية ذات تركيب احادي الميل , مع حجم حبيبي 20nm , كما ان التحليل بأستخدام مجهر القوة الذرية اوضح بأن قطر الحجم الحبيبي هو في ضمن المدى النانوي . التحليل بواسطة طيف ( FTIR )اكدت لنا بأن التركيب هو اوكسيد النحاس كما ان خصائص نمط الاهتزاز لأوكسجين-  نحاس تم تأكيده. تم دراسة الخواص البصرية بأستخدام الطيف المرئي للاشعة فوق البنفسجية والتي اوضحت بأن جسيمات النحاس تمتلك انحراف بأتجاه المنطقة المسماة (blue shift) , حيث تمتلك فجوة عالية طاقة (  (4.9eV, وان هذا ربما يعود الى تأثير الحصر الكمي لجسيمات اوكسيد النحاس النانوية.Hydrothermal process was  used to prepare CuO nanoparticles. CuO nanoparticles can be prepare without organic solvents, expensive raw materials by a hydrothermal method. XRD diffraction reveals that CuO nanoparticles have a monoclinic structure with particle size 20nm ,  and AFM analysis showed that the diameter of the Grain size is in a nanometer range. The analysis by FTIR spectra assure that the composition was CuO, and the  features of vibrational types of Cu–O were fixed. also the optical properties was analysed with UV–vis showed that  CuO nano particles have considerable a blue shift  , which have aband gab equal to (4.9 eV ) , and this is because the effect of quntum confienment of prepared CuO nano particles

Synthesis and Characterization of copper oxide(II) nanoparticles prepared by hydrothermal process

تم استخدام طريقة الهدرجة الحرارية لتحضير جسيمات اوكسيد النحاس النانوية , يمكن تحضير جسيمات النحاس النانوية بدون استخدام المذيبات العضوية او مواد غالية الثمن بأستخدام الهدرجة الحرارية. حيود الاشعة السينية أكد بان جسيمات النحاس النانوية ذات تركيب احادي الميل , مع حجم حبيبي 20nm , كما ان التحليل بأستخدام مجهر القوة الذرية اوضح بأن قطر الحجم الحبيبي هو في ضمن المدى النانوي . التحليل بواسطة طيف ( FTIR )اكدت لنا بأن التركيب هو اوكسيد النحاس كما ان خصائص نمط الاهتزاز لأوكسجين-  نحاس تم تأكيده. تم دراسة الخواص البصرية بأستخدام الطيف المرئي للاشعة فوق البنفسجية والتي اوضحت بأن جسيمات النحاس تمتلك انحراف بأتجاه المنطقة المسماة (blue shift) , حيث تمتلك فجوة عالية طاقة (  (4.9eV, وان هذا ربما يعود الى تأثير الحصر الكمي لجسيمات اوكسيد النحاس النانوية.     Hydrothermal process was  used to prepare CuO nanoparticles. CuO nanoparticles can be prepare without organic solvents, expensive raw materials by a hydrothermal method. XRD diffraction reveals that CuO nanoparticles have a monoclinic structure with particle size 20nm ,  and AFM analysis showed that the diameter of the Grain size is in a nanometer range. The analysis by FTIR spectra assure that the composition was CuO, and the  features of vibrational types of Cu–O were fixed. also the optical properties was analysed with UV–vis showed that  CuO nano particles have considerable a blue shift  , which have aband gab equal to (4.9 eV ) , and this is because the effect of quntum confienment of prepared CuO nano particles

‘XYZ’ application as a tool for teaching and learning in institutions of higher learning: an exploratory study

Teaching and learning in institutions of higher learning has undergone transformation as a result of rapid development in the field of communication and technologies. The emergence of social networking sites has paved the way for the enhancement of teaching and learning approaches. The focus of this study is on ‘XYZ’ application (the actual name is not disclosed due to confidentiality) that was recently launched in Malaysia. Using a mixed research method, the study investigated the perceptions of undergraduate students in a public university to identify the viability of this application in comparison with other applications and to analyze its effectiveness as a tool for teaching and learning. The findings indicate the application has good features that enhance the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process. However, there is concern about the limited compatibility of this application. The paper ends with recommendations on how the application can be improved

Multilocus Sequence Typing of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Producing Extended Spectrum Β-Lactamases Isolated From Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

This study was purposed to sequence analysis of ESBLs genotype of K pneumoniae using partial sequence and Multilocus sequence typing (MLST). A total of 275 K. pneumoniae isolatesinvolved three general hospitals in Duhok, Erbil, and Sulymania, from September 2010 to June 2011. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was measured by Phoenix system that confirmed 187 ESBL producing isolates followed by the Double Disk Synergy Test (DDST). Then, 12 isolates were selectedaccording to sample diversity, high resistancy to β-lactam and cephalosporins and harboring combination of three genes (TEM, SHV, and CTX-M). Partial sequence analysis of TEM; showed two different genotypes regarding blaTEM as 9 isolates (75%) from different samples (wound, sputum and blood) from three provinces harbor TEM-1 gene and 3 isolates (25%) only from urine in three provinces harbor TEM-198 gene. SHV analysis revealed characterization of selected isolates into six different genotypes. The common genotype was blaSHV-11 involved five isolates from sputum and blood in Erbil and Sulymania provinces, and wound in Duhok province. Only one genotype as all 12 isolates (100%) from different samples and different provinces was found harbored CTX-M-15 gene. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) study performed using seven housekeeping genes (gapA, infB, mdh, pgi, phoE, rpoB and tonB). A total of 8 different sequence types (STs) were identified;ST11 was dominant sequence type, accounting 41.6 %( 5 isolates) and was harboring combination of TEM-1, SHV-11 and CTX-15 genes

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C and assessment of responsible risk factors among the vulnerable β-thalassemic patients of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan

Approximately 350 million patients of hepatitis B and 170 million patients of Hepatitis C are present worldwide according to WHO. Many risk factors are involved in the transmission of theses deadly viral infections but blood transfusion in Beta thalassemic patients is working with two faces, one as remedy and the other is key risk factor in the spread of silent killers. Thalassemia patients registered in Combine Military Hospital (CMH) Rawalakot and Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan Hospital, Muzaffarabad Azad Jammu and Kashmir Pakistan were studied for the viral hepatitis B and C prevalence. A total of 303 (including 164 males and 139 females) individuals, aged between 1 and 12 years were studied. All the understudy participants were interviewed through questionnaire method. After taking written consent from each participant or guardian, 5 ml of blood was collected from each participant and brought to the working laboratory for HBV and HCV screening through ICT kit method. All ICT positive samples were further confirmed through ELISA. Individuals 25(8.2%) were found positive for both hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) and Anti hepatitis C antibody (Anti-HCV antibody) after initial screening with no coinfection of both diseases. Out of 25 total infected individuals, 05(1.6%) were found HBsAg positive and 20(6.6%) were found anti-HCV positive. All the ICT positive individuals were further confirmed by quantitative Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and 23(7.6%) individuals were confirmed for both hepatitis B and C including 05(1.6%) HBsAg positive as well as 18(5.9%) anti-HCV antibody positive individuals. We can conclude that 8.2% prevalence of hepatitis B and C among thalassemic patients is an alarming health concern which directly indicates to pay attention for ensuring 100% safe blood transfusion

Report on biological and ecological data in FFDB pilot version 1

Task 2.3 of work package 2 (Advancing biological knowledge and evaluation of current stock assessment models) focuses on the compilation of biological, ecological and fisheries dependent and fisheries independent data that is required for other FarFish WPs. During the first year of FarFish, some modifications in the objectives occurred, resulting in changes in the species. For example, in the Cape Verde and Seychelles CSs, the focus is now on by-catch species that are not assessed by the Regional Management Fisheries Organizations (RMFO): the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) and the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC). Lists of species for each CS have now been drawn up, sources of data identified, contacts have been made with RMFOs and DG MARE, and data is being compiled. Data compilation has been largely driven by the FarFish Data Base (FFDB) template developed in WP 6 (see deliverables D6.1 and D6.4). On the other hand, other data required for visualization purposes, especially time series, is also being compiled or requested. A formal data request is being prepared for DG MARE, while coastal state CS participants will be requested to provide data for the FFDB. Talks are also ongoing with RFMOs, especially CECAF, regarding data acquisition and how FarFish can contribute or add value to assessment and management. Actions that need to be taken by Task 2.3 participants include the provision of data and uploading of data to the FFDB. Task 2.3 is ongoing (Report on biological and ecological data in FFDB pilot version 2, due in Month 26 (July 31, 2019)

Evaluation of bioherbicide for controlling weedy rice and enhancing the yield of rice in Malaysia

Aim: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the second most important food crop in Malaysia, and weedy rice is the severe constraint in the Malaysian rice field. An experiment was conducted in Shadehouse at Field 2, Universiti Putra Malaysia to assess the performance of Agroplus BioDcomposer as a bioherbicide to control weedy rice and to select appropriate dosage of Agroplus BioDcomposer for effective control of weedy rice in the rice field. Methodology: Ten treatments of herbicides were applied in the experiment viz., control (0 ml), Agroplus BioDcomposer® (150 ml 20 l-1 water, 300 ml 20 l-1 water and 450 ml 20 l-1 water), Paraquat (125 ml 20 l-1 water, 250 ml 20 l-1 water and 375 ml 20 l-1 water) and the combination of Agroplus BioDcomposer® with Paraquat @150 ml 20 l-1 water + @125 ml 20 l-1 water, 300 ml 20 l-1 water + 250 ml 20 l-1 water and 450 ml 20 l-1 water+375 ml 20 l-1 water). Data on the percentage of weedy rice killed three days after treatments and percentage of weedy rice emergence 7 and 14 days after soil application of treatments were recorded to evaluate the efficacy of different treatments. Results: The results revealed significant differences among treatments in the percentage of weedy rice killed, weedy rice emergence after treatments application and the ultimate yield of rice. Paraquat, @ 375 ml 20 l-1 water and a combination of Agroplus BioDcomposer® and Paraquat (300 ml 20 l-1 water + 250 ml 20 l-1 water) performed better over other treatments to kill the weedy rice, to control the emergence of weedy rice from the seed bank and produced the highest rice yield. Interpretation: The overall result revealed that the recommended rate of Agroplus BioDcomposer® + Paraquat (300 ml 20 l-1 water + 250 ml 20 l-1 water) is more appropriate and suitable for environmental friendly control of weedy rice in Malaysia

The influence of design parameters on the performance of FBAR in 10–14 GHz

This research presents the analysis of the influence of design parameters on the performance of film bilk acoustic wave resonator (FBAR) working from 10 GHz to 14 GHz. The analysis is done by implementing one-dimensional (1-D) modellings, which are 1-D Mason model and Butterworth Van Dyke (BVD) model. The physical parameters such as piezoelectric materials and its thickness, and size of area affecting the characteristics of the FBAR are analyzed in detail. Zinc oxide (ZnO) and aluminum nitride (AlN) are chosen as the piezoelectric materials. The resonance area is varied at 25μm×25μm to 35μm×35μm. From the analysis, it is found that as the frequency increases, the thickness of the piezoelectric material decreases. Meanwhile, the static capacitance increases as the frequency increases. It is also found that as the area increases, the electrical impedance and static capacitance also increases