Накба и холокост на весах истории глазами конфликтующих сторон

This article considers the problem of a biased attitude of pro-Israel communities to human disasters, depending on the nation of people whom the disaster has occurred with, as well as the attitude towards their own catastrophe — the Holocaust as having no historical counterparts. Such position of Israeli and pro-Israel authors causes inhumane attitude towards other human tragedies, especially if they relate to the party who has become hostile to Israel by force of circumstances.В данной статье рассматривается вопрос предвзятого отношения произраильских кругов к человеческим катастрофам в зависимости от того, с каким народом данные катастрофы происходили, отношение к собственной катастрофе — Холокосту как к не имеющей исторических аналогов катастрофе. Такое отношение израильских и произраильских авторов становится причиной негуманного отношения к другим человеческим трагедиям, особенно если они касаются стороны, которая волею обстоятельств стала враждебной по отношению к Израилю

Expression of an Androgenic Gland-Specific Insulin-Like Peptide during the Course of Prawn Sexual and Morphotypic Differentiation

The crustacean male-specific androgenic gland (AG) regulates sexual differentiation. In the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii, silencing an AG-specific insulin-like encoding transcript (Mr-IAG) inhibited the development of male sexual characters, suggesting that Mr-IAG is a key androgenic hormone. We used recombinant pro-Mr-IAG peptide to generate antibodies that recognized the peptide in AG cells and extracts, as verified by mass spectrometry. We revealed the temporal expression pattern of Mr-IAG and studied its relevance to the timetable of sex differentiation processes in juveniles and after puberty. Mr-IAG was expressed from as early as 20 days after metamorphosis, prior to the appearance of external male sexual characters. Mr-IAG expression was lower in the less reproductively active orange-clawed males than in both the dominant blue-clawed males and the actively sneak mating small males. These results suggest a role for Mr-IAG both in the timing of male sexual differentiation and in regulating reproductive strategies

Association between ambient temperature, particulate air pollution and emergency room visits for conjunctivitis

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have confirmed the association of ambient temperature and air pollution with a higher risk of morbidities, yet few have addressed their effect on the ocular system. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between temperature, air pollution, and emergency room visits for conjunctivitis. METHODS: In this case-crossover study, the records of all emergency room visits to Soroka University Medical Center (SUMC) from 2009 to 2014 were reviewed for patients with conjunctivitis. Daily exposure to fine and coarse particulate matter and temperature were determined by a hybrid model involving satellite sensors. Mean relative humidity was obtained from the Ministry of Environmental Protection meteorological monitoring station located in Beer-Sheva. RESULTS: Six hundred one patients were diagnosed with conjunctivitis in the SUMC emergency room. We discovered a positive association between temperature increments and incidence of conjunctivitis. The strongest effect was found during summer and autumn, with an immediate (lag0) incidence increase of 8.1% for each 1 degrees C increase in temperature (OR = 1.088, 95%CI: 1.046-1.132) between 24 and 28 degrees C in the summer and 7.2% for each 1 degrees C increase in temperature (OR = 1.072, 95%CI: 1.036-1.108) between 13 and 23 degrees C in the autumn. There was no statistically significant association between fine and coarse particulate matter and conjunctivitis incidence. CONCLUSION: Temperature increases during summer and autumn are significantly associated with an increased risk of conjunctivitis. Conjunctivitis is not associated with non-anthropogenic air pollution. These findings may help community clinics and hospital emergency rooms better predict conjunctivitis cases and will hopefully lead to improved prevention efforts that will lower the financial burden on both the individual and the public

Rolul screening-ului în depistarea tuberculozei active

Background. Differences in the incidence, prevalence and mortality of TB are due to physiological features and risk factors in the pediatric population from the different regions and age groups. Active screening determines the early detection of the disease in the risk groups in the most affected localities. Objective of the study. To assess the role of the active screening in the detection of active tuberculosis in children with risk factors for tuberculosis diagnosed in Chisinau. Material and Methods. A retrospective and longitudinal study was carried on pecualiarities of 60 patients actively detected with tuberculosis and hospitalised in the Municipal Hospital of Phtisiopneumology of Chisinau during 2018. Results. The distribution according to the sex established 25 (41%) girls and 35 (59%) boys. The distribution according to age determined children from the group between 5-9 years 21 (35%), group 1-4 years 17 (28%) and the group 10-18 years 11 (18%) children. From single-parent families or with many children were 40 (66%) cases. From the tuberculosis outbreaks were 40 (67%). Comorbidities were diagnosed in 55 (91%) children, including iron deficiency anemia 28 (47%), intestinal parasitosis 20 (33%), respiratory tract disease 5 (8%), chronic genitourinary disease 2 (3) %), cachexia (3%), congenital malformations 2 (3%), infantile cerebral disease 2 (3%). Conclusion. The role of the active screening is evident in the detection of the children with social risk factos and medical biological and only in every second case with epidemiological risk factors. Introducere. Diferenţele în incidenţă, prevalenţă și mortalitate a TB sunt datorate particularităţilor fiziologice şi factorilor de risc în populaţia pediatrică din diferite regiuni și grupuri de vârstă. Screeningul activ detemină depistarea precoce a bolii în grupurile cu risc din localitățile mai afectate. Scopul lucrării. Identificarea rolului screening-ului în depistarea tuberculozei active la copiii cu factori de risc de îmbolnăvire din mun. Chișinău. Material și Metode. A fost efectuat un studiu retrospectiv și longitudinal al particularităților a 60 de copii bolnavi de tuberculoză a aparatului respirator, depistați activ și spitalizaţi în cadrul Spitalului Municipal de Ftiziopneumologie din Chișinau în 2018. Rezultate. Distribuția conform sexului a stabilit 25 (41%) fete şi 35 (59%) băieţi. Distribuția conform vârstei a determinat copii din grupul 5-9 ani 21 (35%), din grupul 1-4 ani 17 (28%) şi din grupul 10-18 ani, 11 (18%) copii. Din familii monoparentale sau cu mulți copii au provenit 40 (66%) cazuri. Din focar tuberculos au fost 40 (67%). Comorbidităţile au fist diagnosticate la 55 (91%) copii, inclusiv anemia feriprivă la 28 (47%), parazitozele intestinale 20 (33%), boli ale apratului respirator 5 (8%), boli cronice ale tractului genitourinar la 2 (3%), cașexie (3%), malformaţii congenitale 2 (3%), paralizie cerebrală infantilă 2 (3%). Concluzii. Rolul screening-ului activ este evident în depistarea copiilor cu factori de risc sociali și medical biologic și doar la fiecare al doilea caz cu factori de risc epidemiologici

A Sexual Shift Induced by Silencing of a Single Insulin-Like Gene in Crayfish: Ovarian Upregulation and Testicular Degeneration

In sequential hermaphrodites, intersexuality occurs naturally, usually as a transition state during sexual re-differentiation processes. In crustaceans, male sexual differentiation is controlled by the male-specific androgenic gland (AG). An AG-specific insulin-like gene, previously identified in the red-claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (designated Cq-IAG), was found in this study to be the prominent transcript in an AG cDNA subtractive library. In C. quadricarinatus, sexual plasticity is exhibited by intersex individuals in the form of an active male reproductive system and male secondary sex characters, along with a constantly arrested ovary. This intersexuality was exploited to follow changes caused by single gene silencing, accomplished via dsRNA injection. Cq-IAG silencing induced dramatic sex-related alterations, including male feature feminization, a reduction in sperm production, extensive testicular degeneration, expression of the vitellogenin gene, and accumulation of yolk proteins in the developing oocytes. Upon silencing of the gene, AG cells hypertrophied, possibly to compensate for low hormone levels, as reflected in the poor production of the insulin-like hormone (and revealed by immunohistochemistry). These results demonstrate both the functionality of Cq-IAG as an androgenic hormone-encoding gene and the dependence of male gonad viability on the Cq-IAG product. This study is the first to provide evidence that silencing an insulin-like gene in intersex C. quadricarinatus feminizes male-related phenotypes. These findings, moreover, contribute to the understanding of the regulation of sexual shifts, whether naturally occurring in sequential hermaphrodites or abnormally induced by endocrine disruptors found in the environment, and offer insight into an unusual gender-related link to the evolution of insulins

Identification of putative novel O-glycosylations in the NK killer receptor Ncr1 essential for its activity

Natural killer (NK) cells kill tumor and virus-infected cells using activating NK cell receptors. One of the major NK-activating receptors is NKp46 and its mouse ortholog Ncr1. NKp46/Ncr1 is expressed exclusively on NK cells and on a subset of innate lymphoid cells. NKp46/Ncr1 was shown to be involved in a myriad of pathologies and immunological settings. Specifically, NKp46/Ncr1 was shown to interact with the viral hemagglutinin (HA) protein and with an unknown tumor/cellular ligand. NKp46 and Ncr1 are structurally similar; however, they are substantially different in their glycosylation patterns. Although the human NKp46 carries both O- and N-glycosylations that are essential for its activity, the mouse Ncr1 was predicted to have N-linked glycosylations only. Here we discovered using prediction algorithms and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis that Ncr1 carries two putative novel O-glycosylations, one of which (Thr 225) is conserved in NKp46. We next used surface plasmon resonance, biochemical, mutational and functional in vitro and in vivo assays to demonstrate that the putative O-glycosylations of Ncr1 are critical for its function

Strigolactone analogs act as new anti-cancer agents in inhibition of breast cancer in xenograft model

Strigolactones (SLs) are a novel class of plant hormones. Previously, we found that analogs of SLs induce growth arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines. These compounds also inhibited the growth of breast cancer stem cell enriched-mammospheres with increased potency. Furthermore, strigolactone analogs inhibited growth and survival of colon, lung, prostate, melanoma, osteosarcoma and leukemia cancer cell lines. To further examine the anti-cancer activity of SLs in vivo, we have examined their effects on growth and viability of MDA-MB-231 tumor xenografts model either alone or in combination with paclitaxel. We show that strigolactone act as new anti-cancer agents in inhibition of breast cancer in xenograft model. In addition we show that SLs affect the integrity of the microtubule network and therefore may inhibit the migratory phenotype of the highly invasive breast cancer cell lines that were examined

Phenomenological contribution to understanding of vocally disruptive behaviour: A clinical case study in a patient with dementia.

Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) cause great suffering in patients and their families. Phenomenology can help clarify the diagnosis and propose some new therapeutic responses using Daseinsanalyse. Separation issues understood using the phenomenological description of the melancholic type (MT) by Tellenbach may further shed light on our understanding of depression in dementia. In a 90-year-old woman presenting with advanced (Clinical Dementia Rating 3) mixed dementia and BPSD in the form of vocally disruptive behaviour (VDB), we discuss separation anxiety as the aetiopathogenic hypothesis. Depression and BPSD were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, Cornell scale, and Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale to confirm our second phenomenological diagnostic hypothesis, ie, melancholy. The Big Five Inventory scale filled in by a proxy was also used to evaluate the patient's premorbid personality. We then propose an explanatory frame of VDB and depression through the standard phenomenological assessment of its relation to time, space, self, and other. Confirming MT, we found an inhibited temperament and low openness to experience in the patient, as well as a symbiotic relationship with a close relative (the other). Separation anxiety may well explain the patient's MT expressed by VDB. Melancholic type and her symbiotic relationship led to a situation unbearable to the patient and her close relative unable to delegate care to a specialized team. Phenomenology in vocally disruptive behaviour in dementia. We have found new explanations in similar clinical cases in dementia as follows. A patient presenting with vocally disruptive behaviour has a melancholic type, a behavioural-inhibited temperament, and marital violence in the past. Phenomenology may help explain this profile with neurobiological disorders. The life trajectory, from childhood into older age, must be taken into account to understand behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia

Positive psychology of Malaysian students: impacts of engagement, motivation, self-compassion and wellbeing on mental health

Malaysia plays a key role in education of the Asia Pacific, expanding its scholarly output rapidly. However, mental health of Malaysian students is challenging, and their help-seeking is low because of stigma. This study explored the relationships between mental health and positive psychological constructs (academic engagement, motivation, self-compassion, and wellbeing), and evaluated the relative contribution of each positive psychological construct to mental health in Malaysian students. An opportunity sample of 153 students completed the measures regarding these constructs. Correlation, regression, and mediation analyses were conducted. Engagement, amotivation, self-compassion, and wellbeing were associated with, and predicted large variance in mental health. Self-compassion was the strongest independent predictor of mental health among all the positive psychological constructs. Findings can imply the strong links between mental health and positive psychology, especially selfcompassion. Moreover, intervention studies to examine the effects of self-compassion training on mental health of Malaysian students appear to be warranted.N/