Paper Session I-A - Modeling Current and Future Launch Vehicle Processing Using Object-Oriented Simulation Techniques

STARSIM, an acronym for Space Transportation Activities and Resources Simulation, is an objectoriented, menu-driven, user-friendly, decision support system for simulating National Space Transportation System (NSTS) processing, as well as Personnel Launch System (PLS)-National Launch System (NLS), PLS-Proton, PLS-Titan IV, Hermes-Ariane 5 and Cargo Transfer Return Vehicle (CTRV) processing. For each launch system modeled, output is displayed numerically (for global statistical information), in pie chart form (to visualize percentages of subcategories associated with a main category) and in Gantt chart form (for visualizing when and where each launch vehicle experiences waiting, processing, blocking and maintenance periods, and the reasons for blocking). Users may input a comprehensive set of system parameters (e.g., number of launch vehicles, processing times at each facility, number of bays at a particular facility) using a window-based environment, or by supplying an existing input data file. Data for existing launch systems and representative data for proposed systems are used to illustrate output for the models mentioned above. The object-oriented methodology employed in the initial model (i.e., NSTS processing) permitted additional models to be implemented in a minimum amount of time and effort

Estuarine Management and Technologies: A way forward for estuarine research

Editoria

Epidemiological study on some environmental and management parameters affecting on WSD occurrence in Fenneropenaeus indicus and Penaeus vannamei

For the first time white spot disease (WSD) was reported in shrimp farms of khoozestan province, in southwest of IRAN in 2002. Then in 2005 the neighbor province, boushehr, was contaminated. In 2008 WSD outbreak reported in sistan-bloochestan province in southeast of Iran. In 2015 all of southern shrimp farms of country except Hormozgan, the middle southern province, which has remained free of WSD, are being contaminated. White Spot disease suspended shrimp culture in thousands hectares of shrimp farms. Considering that white spot disease has not been observed in Hormozgan province yet, the question is; to what extent environmental and management factors participated in preventing WSD outbreak or cause WSD outbreak. In this study (20102012), the effects of environmental factors and management, stressors that decrease immune system function of shrimp are discussed. In addition, the role of pathogen as the main factor of outbreak is discussed. The goal of this study is to define environmental parameters and management practices associates with outbreak of white spot disease in affected provinces and discover reasons of being Hormozgan province free of this disease. In this study the role of the local environmental factors and management practice stressors in susceptibility to WSD was determine. Both the effects of environmental factors in water of ponds including total ammonia, nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, transparency, and temperature and management issues related to biosecurity are studied. There were overlaps on physical and chemical parameter values obtained in clear areas with contaminated areas .Results of the data analysis suggest that lack of association with WSD incidence was 7 times greater than WSD incidence despite of disease outbreak in sistan-bloochestan province, so other sources of white spot disease virus incidence was suspected in affected areas. Histopathological examinations and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests during project performance did not reveal white spot disease virus evidences in post larvae examined from khoozestan province stocked in farms but disease outbreak was happened in that farms , so we suspected to management practice include feed , pond preparation and carrier of disease. Recorded values of temperature and salinity in some months during inspection in Hormozgan province specified stressful condition that may lead to WSD outbreak, however the disease did not appear. Therefore the hypothesis that the water physical and chemical conditions are reasons to prevent disease outbreak in Hormozgan province is being rejected. The policy of Hormozgan’s fishery authorities, to replaced Fenneropenaeus indicus with specific pathogen free Litopenaeus vannamei, that is more resistant to some of diseases, before incidence of WSD in farms and to before being endemic in the Hormozgan province, made an advantage compare to affected southern provinces that introduced Litopenaeus vannamei after WSD prevalence to their farms. However it does not guarantee to maintain current trend of being Hormozgan province farms free of white spot disease. Therefore establishing the principals of biosecurity are strongly emphasized. Strategies taken by the proficient authorities in preparation of SPF shrimp broodstock can be the most important factor in preventing WSD. Regarding biosecurity principals purchased feed must be free of shrimp head powder. Construction the new shrimp farms should be as far as it could be away from contaminated areas

Modeling Current And Future Launch Vehicle Processing Using Object-Oriented Simulation Techniques

STARSIM, an acronym for Space Transportation Activities and Resources Simulation, is an object-oriented, menu-driven, user-friendly, decision support system for simulating National Space Transportation System (NSTS) processing, as well as Personnel Launch System (PLS)-National Launch System (NLS), PLS-Proton, PLS-Titan IV, Hermes-Ariane 5 and Cargo Transfer Return Vehicle (CTRV) processing. For each launch system modeled, output is displayed numerically (for global statistical information), in pie chart form (to visualize percentages of subcategories associated with a main category) and in Gantt chart form (for visualizing when and where each launch vehicle experiences waiting, processing, blocking and maintenance periods, and the reasons for blocking). Users may input a comprehensive set of system parameters (e.g., number of launch vehicles, processing times at each facility, number of bays at a particular facility) using a window-based environment, or by supplying an existing input data file. Data for existing launch systems and representative data for proposed systems are used to illustrate output for the models mentioned above. The object-oriented methodology employed in the initial model (i.e., NSTS processing) permitted additional models to be implemented in a minimum amount of time and effort

Challenges of fluid phase behavior modeling in Iranian retrograde gas condensate reservoirs

Production from gas condensate reservoirs requires precise determination of reservoir fluid properties along with their positive impact on real reservoir performance evaluation and fluid in place volume calculation. This fact is particularly important because liquid drop out phenomena occurs as a result of pressure drop due to fluid production and condensate remains in reservoir [Mohebzadeh, 2005. In this study the challenges and problems of fluid phase behavior simulation in southern Iranian retrograde gas condensate reservoirs is discussed. Most of the problems and challenges are inaccuracy of equation of states near the critical point, special conditions and produced fluid flow constraints, sampling pressure and reservoir pressure during the sampling process, problems related to the constant composition expansion and constant volume depletion experiments, inefficiency in plus fraction characterization, problems arising from lack of the swelling test, and finally C7+ characterization

A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Aromatherapy Massage on Sleep in Children and Infants

Background: Sleep disturbances among child patients are a commonly reported problem. We aimed to review the effectiveness of aromatherapy on sleep disorders of children and infants. Materials and Methods: This review was conducted with a systematic search of electronic resources in English such as Medline (via PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, with no time limit from inception up to February 2019; using the following keywords alone or in combination: (Aromatherapy OR Smell OR Olfactory OR Essential oil) AND (Sleep Disorders OR Sleep OR Sleep Paralysis OR Sleep Arousal Disorders) AND (Children OR Infant OR Baby OR Neonate OR Pediatric). Results: Four studies were included in the review. In the first study, a comparison of the nights with and without aromatherapy showed no significant difference regarding length of time the children were asleep, sleep onset time and number of interruptions during the night. In the second study, aromatherapy with Rosa damascena essential oil significantly improved sleep quality parameters in children except with daytime sleeping (p=0.059). In the third study, a significant decrease was observed in the sleep quality score in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in aromatherapy with oil of orange than in the controls (p<0.05). In the fourth study, the infants in the Lavender bath oil group spend more time in deep sleep and less time crying prior to sleep onset than in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Aromatherapy with Lavender and Rosa damascena essential oil and orange oil can improve group sleep quality, deep sleep and time crying prior to sleep onset. However, it was not effectiveregarding sleep disorder in children with autism

Investigation into the Improvement of Condensate Recovery in Gas Condensate fields by Gas Injection

When the flowing bottom-hole pressure falls below the dew point pressure, gas condensate reservoirs experience losses in well productivity due to near wellbore condensate dropout. Existing oil and gas industry approaches include pressure maintenance and gas cycling. Dry gas is injected into a retrograde gas condensate reservoir to help the condensate vaporise and raise its dew point. In this work, the phase diagram has first been produced based on the composition of the reservoir. The impact of injections of carbon dioxide, pure methane, ethane and methane, nitrogen, and pure methane on reservoir recovery has been examined and contrasted with the natural depletion scheme. The effect of each type of injection on condensate and gas production is examined while simulating the whole system simultaneously, including two separators and a stock tank. In every injection that has been looked at, full mixing has been assumed. According to this study, carbon dioxide had the highest liquid recoveries at the lowest injection rate, followed by a mixture of 20% ethane and 80% methane. According to this study, carbon dioxide had the highest liquid recoveries at the lowest injection rate, followed by a mixture of 20% ethane and 80% methane