Визуализация потока воздуха в вихревой трубе с использованием различных моделей турбулентности

Visualization of air flow in Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube performed by numerical simulations with standard k-ε and SAS-SST turbulence models is presented in the paper. SAS-SST turbulence model predicted the existence of secondary largescale vortex structures within the computational domain instead k-ε model showed axisymmetrical flow. Existence of large-scale secondary vortex structures is in agreement with experimental data.В статье представлены результаты визуализации потока воздуха в вихревой трубе Ранка-Хилша, выполненной с помощью численного моделирования. Были использованы k-ε и SAS-SST модели турбулентности. SAS-SST модель турбулентности показала наличие вторичных крупномасштабных вихревых структур в расчетном домене, в отличие от k-ε модели. Факт наличия крупномасштабных вторичных вихревых структур хорошо согласуется с экспериментальными данными

Mesoscopic Phase Fluctuations: General Phenomenon in Condensed Matter

General conditions for the occurrence of mesoscopic phase fluctuations in condensed matter are considered. The description of different thermodynamic phases, which coexist as a mixture of mesoscopically separated regions, is based on the {\it theory of heterophase fluctuations}. The spaces of states, typical of the related phases, are characterized by {\it weighted Hilbert spaces}. Several models illustrate the main features of heterophase condensed matter.Comment: 23 pages, Latex, no figure

Mesoscopic Phase Separation in Anisotropic Superconductors

General properties of anisotropic superconductors with mesoscopic phase separation are analysed. The main conclusions are as follows: Mesoscopic phase separation can be thermodynamically stable only in the presence of repulsive Coulomb interactions. Phase separation enables the appearance of superconductivity in a heterophase sample even if it were impossible in pure-phase matter. Phase separation is crucial for the occurrence of superconductivity in bad conductors. Critical temperature for a mixture of pairing symmetries is higher than the critical temperature related to any pure gap-wave symmetry of this mixture. In bad conductors, the critical temperature as a function of the superconductivity fraction has a bell shape. Phase separation makes the single-particle energy dispersion softer. For planar structures phase separation suppresses d-wave superconductivity and enhances s-wave superconductivity. These features are in agreement with experiments for cuprates.Comment: Revtex file, 25 pages, 2 figure

INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS PROVIDING THE COMFORTABLE CONDITIONS IN ROOMS

Сборник выпущен при поддержке Фонда содействия развитию УрФУ имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцин

An asymptotic treatment of the Elenbaas–Heller equation for a radiating wall‐stabilized high‐pressure gas‐discharge arc

An asymptotic analysis of the Elenbaas–Heller equation for a radiating wall-stabilized high-pressure gas-discharge arc is given. This analysis applies when the operating temperatures within the arc are lower than the ionization temperature by an order of magnitude. It is shown that for arcs that are radiating highly efficiently a further asymptotic treatment can be given. It is shown under what conditions, governed by a dimensionless parameter M, this limiting case prevails. Comparison with earlier results put forward by Zollweg [J. Appl. Phys. 49, 1077 (1978)] shows satisfactory agreement

Expression Profiling of a Genetic Animal Model of Depression Reveals Novel Molecular Pathways Underlying Depressive-Like Behaviours

The Flinders model is a validated genetic rat model of depression that exhibits a number of behavioural, neurochemical and pharmacological features consistent with those observed in human depression.In this study we have used genome-wide microarray expression profiling of the hippocampus and prefrontal/frontal cortex of Flinders Depression Sensitive (FSL) and control Flinders Depression Resistant (FRL) lines to understand molecular basis for the differences between the two lines. We profiled two independent cohorts of Flinders animals derived from the same colony six months apart, each cohort statistically powered to allow independent as well as combined analysis. Using this approach, we were able to validate using real-time-PCR a core set of gene expression differences that showed statistical significance in each of the temporally distinct cohorts, representing consistently maintained features of the model. Small but statistically significant increases were confirmed for cholinergic (chrm2, chrna7) and serotonergic receptors (Htr1a, Htr2a) in FSL rats consistent with known neurochemical changes in the model. Much larger gene changes were validated in a number of novel genes as exemplified by TMEM176A, which showed 35-fold enrichment in the cortex and 30-fold enrichment in hippocampus of FRL animals relative to FSL.These data provide significant insights into the molecular differences underlying the Flinders model, and have potential relevance to broader depression research