Measuring Groundwater Discharge into Lake Erie using Seepage Meters

Increasing nutrient inputs to Lake Erie in recent years have triggered an increase in harmful algal blooms (HABs), which release toxins that harm humans. These toxins pose challenges for drinking water treatment and inhibit recreational activities in the lake, which create additional economic challenges for the area. Most studies of nutrient inputs to Lake Erie have focused on runoff, but groundwater can also deliver large nutrient loads to lakes. In this study, I measured direct groundwater discharge to Lake Erie at Cedar Point National Wildlife Refuge near Toledo, Ohio using seepage meters and estimated groundwater-borne nutrient fluxes by sampling pore water nutrients in shallow lakebed sediments. Cedar Point National Wildlife Refuge is a small portion of Lake Erie’s heterogeneous coast and only represents sandy and reinforced marsh coastlines. The average volumetric rate of groundwater discharge per unit length of Lake Erie coast at the study site is 0.05 m3/s. The NO2+NO3 load from groundwater into Lake Erie per unit length of coast is 3 mg/d, and the PO4 load per unit length of coast is 5 mg/d. Given the lack of studies on groundwater discharge rates and chemical fluxes to the Lake Erie coast, it is unclear whether estimates at Cedar Point Nation Wildlife Refuge represent minimum or maximum values. More research is needed on groundwater inputs to better understand water and nutrient budgets for Lake Erie.The Ohio State University Friends of Orton HallThe Geological Society of AmericaNo embargoAcademic Major: Earth Science

Dissemination of Earth Remote Sensing Data for Use in the NOAA/NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit

The National Weather Service has developed the Damage Assessment Toolkit (DAT), an application for smartphones and tablets that allows for the collection, geolocation, and aggregation of various damage indicators that are collected during storm surveys. The DAT supports the often laborintensive process where meteorologists venture into the stormaffected area, allowing them to acquire geotagged photos of the observed damage while also assigning estimated EFscale categories based upon their observations. Once the data are collected, the DAT infrastructure aggregates the observations into a server that allows other meteorologists to perform quality control and other analysis steps before completing their survey and making the resulting data available to the public. In addition to inperson observations, Earth remote sensing from operational, polar-orbiting satellites can support the damage assessment process by identifying portions of damage tracks that may be missed due to road limitations, access to private property, or time constraints. Products resulting from change detection techniques can identify damage to vegetation and the land surface, aiding in the survey process. In addition, higher resolution commercial imagery can corroborate groundbased surveys by examining higherresolution commercial imagery. As part of an ongoing collaboration, NASA and NOAA are working to integrate near realtime Earth remote sensing observations into the NOAA/NWS Damage Assessment Toolkit. This presentation will highlight recent developments in a streamlined approach for disseminating Earth remote sensing data via web mapping services and a new menu interface that has been integrated within the DAT. A review of current and future products will be provided, including products derived from MODIS and VIIRS for preliminary track identification, along with conduits for higherresolution Landsat, ASTER, and commercial imagery as they become available. In addition to tornado damage assessments, the team is also investigating the use of near realtime imagery for identifying hail damage to vegetation, which also results in large swaths of damage, particularly in the central United States during the peak growing season months of June, July, and August. This presentation will present an overview of recent activities, challenges and successes, best practices, and opportunities for future work and collaboratio

Process for Measuring Over-Center Distances

Over-center mechanisms were used in the orbiter payload bay to lock down the robotic arm during the launch of the space shuttle. These mechanisms were unlocked while in orbit in order to release the arm for use. Adjusting the mechanism such that it would not inadvertently release during launch, but could be released when needed by use of the motor, required accurate adjustments that were difficult to perform. A procedure was developed to allow these mechanisms to be adjusted to within the specifications required for the Space Shuttle Program. This approach is significantly more accurate than any other technique, and is the only technique known that met the launch requirements of the program

Laparoscopic versus open liver resection: a meta‐analysis of long‐term outcome

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic liver resection is growing in popularity, but the long‐term outcome of patients undergoing laparoscopic liver resection for malignancy has not been established. This paper is a meta‐analysis and compares the long‐term survival of patients undergoing laparoscopic (LHep) versus open (OHep) liver resection for the treatment of malignant liver tumours.MethodsA PubMed database search identified comparative human studies analysing LHep versus OHep for malignant tumours. Clinical and survival parameters were extracted. The search was last conducted on 18 March 2012.ResultsIn total, 1002 patients in 15 studies were included (446 LHep and 556 OHep). A meta‐analysis of overall survival showed no difference [1‐year: odds ratio (OR) 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42 to 1.20, P = 0.202; 3‐years: OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.03, P = 0.076; 5‐years: OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.10, P = 0.173]. Subset analyses of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal metastases (CRM) were performed. There was no difference in the 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year survival for HCC or in the 1‐year survival for CRM, however, a survival advantage was found for CRM at 3 years (LHep 80% versus OHep 67.4%, P = 0.036).ConclusionsLaparoscopic surgery should be considered an acceptable alternative for the treatment of malignant liver tumours

Chronic fibrosing osteomyelitis of the jaws: an important cause of recalcitrant facial pain. A clinicopathologic study of 331 cases in 227 patients

Objective This was a retrospective and follow-up analysis of 331 cases of chronic fibrosing osteomyelitis of the jaws (CFOJ) in 227 patients. Study Design Demographic, clinical, surgical, and microscopic characteristics were tabulated for all patients. A follow-up mail survey was used to determine the degree of symptom relief experienced after surgery. Results The female to male ratio approached 7:1, and mean age of patients was 53 years. The most common sites were the mandibular posterior region, followed by the maxillary posterior region. Consistent clinical findings included intractable jaw pain mimicking that of odontogenic origin but unresponsive to usual therapies, minimal or undetectable radiographic abnormalities on plain films but dramatic radiolucencies detected on cone beam computed tomography, and large cavities that were either empty or filled with blood mixed with lipid globules encountered at surgery. The most common histomorphologic findings were vital lamellar bone, prominent resting and reversal lines, microshards and splaying of trabeculae, rounded trabeculae, marrow fibrosis, and pools of erythrocytes and lipid globules, often together. Moderate to complete relief of symptoms for periods up to 108 months after surgery were reported by 83% of the 70 patients who returned the survey. Conclusions On the basis of the findings of this study, CFOJ can be considered a unique entity with consistent clinicopathologic features. Its features suggest a pathogenesis based on bone marrow ischemia. CFOJ can be treated on a rational basis with a justifiable expectation of success and probable cure

Prospectus, October 8, 1986

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1986/1024/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, September 16, 1986

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1986/1021/thumbnail.jp