Long-Distance Reflexivization and Logophoricity in the Dargin Language

The study of anaphora challenges us to determine the conditions under which the pronouns of a language are associated with possible antecedents. One of the theoretical questions is whether the distribution of pronominal forms is best explained by a syntactic, semantic or discourse level analysis. A more practical question is how we distinguish between anaphoric elements, e.g. what are the borders between the notions of pronouns, locally bound reflexives and long-distance reflexives? The study analyzes the anaphora device saj in Dargin that is traditionally considered to be a long-distance reflexivization language. We show that the previous research did not cover all uses of saj that are essential for the notion of long-distance reflexivization and logophoricity. The course of analysis leads to the conclusion that saj does not have the syntactic restrictions imposed on long-distance reflexives or logophors in other languages

Nikolaj Haruzin in Vasilij Kandinski

Prispevek predstavlja stike med ruskim etnografom Nikolajem Haruzinom in slovitim slikarjem Vasilijem Kandinskim. Ta je v svoji ustvarjalnosti uporabil številne šamanske motive. Pri tem ni šlo za modnost ali strast do eksotičnega, temveč za globoke sledi v osebnostnem razvoju, biografiji in pogledu na svet. Že kot študent se je poglobljeno zanimal za šamanstvo ljudstev na ruskem severu in v Sibiriji, in to prav pod Haruzinovim vplivom. Prijatelja sta postala že 1885, ko sta začela oba študirati na moskovski pravni fakulteti, se v času študija udeležila znanstvenih odprav. Po študiju se je Kandinski odločil za slikarstvo in šel 1896 v München v zasebno slikarsko šolo A. Ažbeta, Haruzin pa je deloval kot etnograf. Tudi po Haruzinovi zgodnji smrti leta 1900 je Kandinski ohranil stike z njegovo družino in njegovim delom. Zlasti Haruzinova monografija Russkie Lopari (Ruski Laponci), učbenik Etnografiya (Etnografija) in druge Haruzinove raziskave šamanstva so nedvomno močno vplivale na njegovo umetniško ustvarjalnost. V prilogi je objavljenih 12 Kandinskijevih pisem prijatelju. *** The paper presents personal and scholarly relations between the Russian ethnographer N. N. Kharuzin and the famous Russian painter W. Kandinsky. Kandinsky used shamanistic motifs in his creative works. This was not a tribute to fashion or a passion for exotica: shamanistic motifs had deep roots in his personal genealogy and biography, and his mindset. As a student he was deeply interested in shamanism of the people of the Russian nord and Siberia. This interest was influenced by Kharuzin. They became friends in 1885, when both entered the faculty of law in Moscow, and while at university they took part in scientific expeditions. After the study Kandinsky decided to devote himself to painting and moved to Munich in 1896, where he entered the private art school of A. Ažbe, and Kharuzin worked as an ethnographer. After Kharuzin’s death in 1900, Kandinsky maintained contacts with his family and with his work. Especially Kharuzin's monograph Russkie Lopari (Russian Saami), the textbook Etnografiya (Ethnography) and Kharuzin's research in shamanism undoubtedly affected Kandinsky's artistic creativity. In the appendix twelve letters written by Kandinsky to Kharuzin are published

Investigation of Laplace-Stieltjes transform for the ergodic distribution of the semi-markov random process with positive tendency, negative jumps and delaying boundary at zero.

One of the important problems of stochastic processes theory is to define the Laplace-Stieltjes transform for the ergodic distribution of semi-markov random process. With this purpose, we will investigate the semi-markov random processes with positive tendency, negative jumps and delaying boundary at zero in this article. The Laplace transform on time, Laplace-Stieltjes transform on phase of the conditional and unconditional  distributions and Laplace-Stieltjes transform  of the ergodic distribution are defined. The characteristics of the ergodic distribution will be calculated on the basis of the final results.&nbsp

The solutions Degenerate Elliptic-Parabolic Equations

We prove some a priori estimates of solutions for degenerate elliptic-parabolic equations

Окислительная конверсия метана на катализаторах ReOX/Al2O3

ReOx/alumina samples have been studied as catalysts for the oxidative conversion of methane. It was shown that the reaction of methane with an oxidized and then evacuated at this temperature (973 K, 1 h) samples leads to the formation of primarily C2H6, C2H4 and CO2, and then only CO and C6H6. The formation of ethane and ethylene in the initial stage of the reaction of methane with ReOx / alumina samples is the result of the reaction of oxidative condensation of methane with the formation of ethane, followed by its dehydrogenation to ethylene. The reaction proceeds with the participation of O-• ion-radical type (V-type defect) centers of the ReOx / aluminum-oxide structure (CH4 + [O-•] = CH3 • + OH- , 2CH3 • = C2H6). CO2 is formed by the oxidation of methane with surface oxygen forms (O2 2- and / and O2 -•) oxide structure. Direct oxidation of methane to methanol and further splitting of the latter to CO and H2 in our case are not excluded: CH4 + ReOx/Al2O3 = CO + 2H2 + ReOx-1/Al2O3. It was shown that catalysts preliminarily oxidized at 973 K for 1 h in oxygen and then evacuated at the same temperature for 1 h are characterized by ESR spectra belonging to the paramagnetic Re6+ ion with 5d1 unpaired electron and strong Re=O bond. The ESR spectra of this ion are characterized by a hyperfine structure (A║ = 48.3 mT) due to the interaction of an unpaired electron with 185.187Re magnetic nuclei having the spin of I = 5/2 and are easily observed at room temperature for all samples. The ESR signals of these centers disappear after the interaction of samples evacuated at high temperature (973 K) with methane. It was shown that high-temperature contact of this sample with methane leads to the formation of centers that catalyze the oxidative dehydrocyclization of methane. The degree of oxidation of rhenium ions in these samples is less than 6+, and these ions are coordinatively unsaturated. To maintain the activity of the catalyst, its regeneration is required. Activation of the catalyst is achieved by short-term heat treatment in oxygen flow followed by purging with an inert gas (nitrogen, argon)

Braconidae (Hymenoptera) in the collection of the Institute of Zoology, NAS of Azerbaijan Republic. Part IV. Subfamilies Orgilinae, Agathidinae, Ichneutinae, Cheloninae (Hymenoptera).

In der Arbeit werden faunistische Daten der Bracconiden-Gattungen Orgilus und Charmon (Unterfamilie Orgilinae), Disophrys, Cremnops, Agathis, Bassus und Baeognatha (Unterfamilie Agathidinae), Pseudichneutes (Unterfamilie Ichneutinae) sowie Phanerotoma, Ascogaster und Chelonus (Unterfamilie Cheloninae) ausgewertet. Zu jedem Taxon werden Fundorte in Aserbaidschan, Verbreitung und Wirte genannt. Von folgenden Brackwespen-Arten aus der Sammlung des ZIN (Zoologisches Institut der RAS) fehlen jedoch diese Informationen: 1. Orgilus (Orgilus) punctiventris Tobias, 1976; 2. Agathis syngenesiae Nees, 1812; 3. A. glaucoptera Nees, 1834; 4. A. dzhulphensis Abdinbekova, 1970; 5. A. levis Abdinbekova, 1970; 6. A. caucasica Tobias, 1963; 7. A. transcaucasica Abdinbekova, 1970; 8. A. assimilis Kokuyev, 1895; 9. A. nachitshevanica Abdinbekova, 1970; 10. Earinus nitidulus (Nees, 1812); 11. E. gloriatorius (Panzer, 1809); 12. Microdus punctatus (Abdinbekova, 1970); 13. Proterops nigripennis Wesmael, 1835; 14. Ichneutes reunitor Nees, 1816; 15. Phanerotoma kozlovi Shestakov, 1930; 16. Phanerotoma atra Snoflak, 1951; 17. Phanerotoma gregori Snoflak, 1951; 18. Ascogaster kabystanica Tobias, 1976; 19. A. nachitshevanica Abdinbekova, 1969; 20. A. klugii (Nees, 1816); 21. Chelonus (Chelonus) tricolor Tobias, 1976; 22. Ch. (Ch.) subannulatus Abdinbekova, 1971; 23. Ch. (Ch.) subseticornis Tobias, 1971; 24. Ch. (M.) nachitshevanicus Abdinbekova, 1971; 25. Ch. (M.) kiritshenko Tobias, 1976; 26. Ch. (M.) hungaricus Szepligeti 1896; 27. Ch. (M.) pectoralis Tobias, 1976; 28. Ch. (M.) talyshensis Tobias, 1976.StichwörterHymenoptera, Braconidae, Orgilinae, Agathidinae, Ichneutinae, Cheloninae, collection, Azerbaijan.The paper gives some faunistik records of the braconids from genera Orgilus, Charmon, belonging to subfamily Orgilinae, from genera Disophrys, Cremnops, Agathis, Bassus, Baeognatha, belonging to subfamily Agathidinae, from genus Pseudichneutes belonging to subfamily Ichneutinae and from genera Phanerotoma, Ascogaster, Chelonus belonging to subfamily Cheloninae. For each taxon localities in Azerbaijan, distribution in the world and hosts remarks are given. Some of the braconids below are located in the ZIN (Zoological Institute of the RAS), so the paper does not present information about them: 1. Orgilus (Orgilus) punctiventris Tobias, 1976; 2. Agathis syngenesiae Nees, 1812; 3. A. glaucoptera Nees, 1834; 4. A. dzhulphensis Abdinbekova, 1970; 5. A. levis Abdinbekova, 1970; 6. A. caucasica Tobias, 1963; 7. A. transcaucasica Abdinbekova, 1970; 8. A. assimilis Kokuyev, 1895; 9. A. nachitshevanica Abdinbekova, 1970; 10. Earinus nitidulus (Nees, 1812); 11. E. gloriatorius (Panzer, 1809); 12. Microdus punctatus (Abdinbekova, 1970); 13. Proterops nigripennis Wesmael, 1835; 14. Ichneutes reunitor Nees, 1816; 15. Phanerotoma kozlovi Shestakov, 1930; 16. Phanerotoma atra Snoflak, 1951; 17. Phanerotoma gregori Snoflak, 1951; 18. Ascogaster kabystanica Tobias, 1976; 19. A. nachitshevanica Abdinbekova, 1969; 20. A. klugii (Nees, 1816); 21. Chelonus (Chelonus) tricolor Tobias, 1976; 22. Ch. (Ch.) subannulatus Abdinbekova, 1971; 23. Ch. (Ch.) subseticornis Tobias, 1971; 24. Ch. (M.) nachitshevanicus Abdinbekova, 1971; 25. Ch. (M.) kiritshenko Tobias, 1976; 26. Ch. (M.) hungaricus Szepligeti 1896; 27. Ch. (M.) pectoralis Tobias, 1976; 28. Ch. (M.) talyshensis Tobias, 1976.KeywordsHymenoptera, Braconidae, Orgilinae, Agathidinae, Ichneutinae, Cheloninae, collection, Azerbaijan

Braconidae (Hymenoptera) in the collection of the Institute of Zoology, NAS of Azerbaijan Republic Part V. Subfamilies Chardichilinae, Microgasterinae and Miracinae

In dieser Arbeit sind faunistische Nachweise von Braconiden der Unterfamilien Chardichilinae (Gattung Cardiochiles), Microgasterinae (Gattungen Microplitis, Microgaster, Choeras, Cotesia, Protapanteles, Apanteles) und Miracinae (Mirax) zusammengestellt, die in der Sammlung des Instituts für Zoologie der Nationalen Akademie der Wissenschaften Aserbaidschans, Baku, aufbewahrt werden. Fundorte in Aserbaidschan, allgemeine Verbreitung und Bemerkungen zu Wirten sind für jede Art angegeben. Belege von 28 ursprünglich in der Sammlung vertretenen Arten sind nun im ZIN (Zoologisches Institut der Russischen Akademie der Wissenschaften) aufbewahrt und werden in dieser Arbeit nicht weiter behandelt. Das sind: Apanteles albipennis (Nees, 1834), Apanteles lateralis (Haliday, 1834), Apanteles sublateralis Tobias, 1976, Apanteles rufulus Tobias, 1964, Apanteles subfirmus Abdinbekova 1969, Apanteles znoikoi Tobias 1976, Apanteles albinervis Tobias, 1964, Apanteles girkanus Tobias 1976, Apanteles negativus Tobias 1976, Apanteles subemarginatus Abdinbekova, 1969, Apanteles varifemur Abdinbekova, 1969, Apanteles brunnistigma Abdinbekova, 1969, Apanteles masallensis Abdinbekova, 1969, Apanteles kubensis Abdinbekova, 1969, Apanteles samedovi Abdinbekova, 1969, Apanteles carpatus (Say, 1836), Apanteles anarsiae Faure & Alabouvette, 1924, Cotesia subordinaria (Tobias, 1976), Cotesia rubripes (Haliday, 1834), Cotesia rufiventris (Bingham, 1906), Cotesia shemachaensis (Tobias, 1976), Protapanteles pallipes (Reinhard 1880), Protapanteles compressiventris (Muesebeck 1921), Microplitis ochraceus Szépligeti, 1896, Microplitis erythrogaster Abdinbekova, 1969, Deuterixys rimulosa (Niezabitowski, 1910), Glyptapanteles inclusus (Ratzeburg, 1844) und Iconella subcamilla (Tobias, 1976).We present some faunistic records of braconids of the subfamilies Chardichilinae (genus Cardiochiles), Microgasterinae (genera Microplitis, Microgaster, Choeras, Cotesia, Protapanteles, Apanteles), and Miracinae (Mirax) deposited in the collection of the Institute of Zoology of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Baku. Localities in Azerbaijan, general distribution, and remarks on hosts are given for each taxon. Specimens of 28 species originally represented in the collection are now held by ZIN (Zoological Institute of the RAS) and are not covered further in this paper. They are the following: Apanteles albipennis (Nees, 1834), Apanteles lateralis (Haliday, 1834), Apanteles sublateralis Tobias, 1976, Apanteles rufulus Tobias, 1964, Apanteles subfirmus Abdinbekova 1969, Apanteles znoikoi Tobias 1976, Apanteles albinervis Tobias, 1964, Apanteles girkanus Tobias 1976, Apanteles negativus Tobias 1976, Apanteles subemarginatus Abdinbekova, 1969, Apanteles varifemur Abdinbekova, 1969, Apanteles brunnistigma Abdinbekova, 1969, Apanteles masallensis Abdinbekova, 1969, Apanteles kubensis Abdinbekova, 1969, Apanteles samedovi Abdinbekova, 1969, Apanteles carpatus (Say, 1836), Apanteles anarsiae Faure & Alabouvette, 1924, Cotesia subordinaria (Tobias, 1976), Cotesia rubripes (Haliday, 1834), Cotesia rufiventris (Bingham, 1906), Cotesia shemachaensis (Tobias, 1976), Protapanteles pallipes (Reinhard 1880), Protapanteles compressiventris (Muesebeck 1921), Microplitis ochraceus Szépligeti, 1896, Microplitis erythrogaster Abdinbekova, 1969, Deuterixys rimulosa (Niezabitowski, 1910), Glyptapanteles inclusus (Ratzeburg, 1844), Iconella subcamilla (Tobias, 1976)

Braconidae (Hymenoptera) in the collection of the Institute of Zoology, NAS of the Azerbaijan Republic. Part I. Subfamilies Doryctinae, Rogadinae, Braconinae (Hymenoptera).

In der Arbeit werden Funddaten von Braconiden der Unterfamilien Doryctinae, Rogadinae und Braconinae aus der Sammlung des Instituts für Zoologie der Nationalen Akademie der Wissenschaften von Aserbaidschan in Baku zusammengefasst. Für Taxa aus Aserbaidschan sind ihre Verbreitung und Bemerkungen zu ihren Wirten angefügt.The paper gives some faunistic records of the braconids from Subfamilies Doryctinae, Rogadinae, Braconinae from the collection of the institute of Zoology of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan located in Baku. For each taxon localities in Azerbaijan, distribution and hosts remarks are given

Development of language competence as a factor of professional mobility

The article deals with the importance of training specialists for the labor market with linguistic competence and knowledge in related industries. They should be able to solve the problems of professional activity quickly and efficiently in changing conditionsВ статье речь идет о значимости подготовки специалистов для рынка труда, обладающих языковой компетенцией и знаниями в смежных отраслях, способных в изменяющихся условиях оперативно и качественно решать задачи профессиональной деятельност