Optimum mix of passive and active control of space structures

The objective of this research was to test vibration suppression (settling time and jitter) of a large space structure (LSS) characterized by low frequency high global vibration modes. Five percent passive damping in a large truss was analyzed, tested and correlated. A representative system article re-target analysis shows that modest levels of passive damping dramatically reduce the control energy required. LSS must incorporate passive damping from the outset. The LSS system performance will not be met by either active or passive damping alone

An ``Improved" Lattice Study of Semi-leptonic Decays of D-Mesons

We present results of a lattice computation of the matrix elements of the vector and axial-vector currents which are relevant for the semi-leptonic decays $D \rightarrow K$ and $D \rightarrow K^*$. The computations are performed in the quenched approximation to lattice QCD on a $24^3 \times 48$ lattice at $\beta=6.2$, using an $O(a)$-improved fermionic action. In the limit of zero lepton masses the semi-leptonic decays $D \rightarrow K$ and $D \rightarrow K^*$ are described by four form factors: $f^{+}_K,V,A_1$ and $A_2$, which are functions of $q^2$, where $q^{\mu}$ is the four-momentum transferred in the process. Our results for these form factors at $q^2=0$ are: f^+_K(0)=0.67 \er{7}{8} , V(0)=1.01 \err{30}{13} , A_1(0)=0.70 \err{7}{10} , A_2(0)=0.66 \err{10}{15} , which are consistent with the most recent experimental world average values. We have also determined the $q^2$ dependence of the form factors, which we find to be reasonably well described by a simple pole-dominance model. Results for other form factors, including those relevant to the decays \dpi and \drho, are also given.Comment: 41 pages, uuencoded compressed postscript file containing 14 figures, LaTeX, Edinburgh Preprint 94/546 and Southampton Preprint SHEP 93/94-3

A computer controlled power tool for the servicing of the Hubble Space Telescope

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Pistol Grip Tool (PGT) is a self-contained, microprocessor controlled, battery-powered, 3/8-inch-drive hand-held tool. The PGT is also a non-powered ratchet wrench. This tool will be used by astronauts during Extravehicular Activity (EVA) to apply torque to the HST and HST Servicing Support Equipment mechanical interfaces and fasteners. Numerous torque, speed, and turn or angle limits are programmed into the PGT for use during various missions. Batteries are replaceable during ground operations, Intravehicular Activities, and EVA's

The natural setting of Caution Bay: climate, landforms, biota, and environmental zones

In this chapter, we review the present and past environment of Caution Bay set in a broader geographical context, including both terrestrial and marine habitats. Our primary objective is to sketch the general canvas upon which the past 6,000 or so years of local human presence, as represented by the Caution Bay archaeological record, played out. A secondary objective is to document the range of contemporary landforms and explore the spatial distribution and ecological dynamics of the various plant and animal communities that still occupy the present landscape, or did so at the time when Europeans first arrived in the 1870s. Knowledge of the contemporary landscape and its resources represents the starting point for inferring continuities and changes in ways of life for the region's past inhabitants as these are tracked back from the present to the mid-Holocene, and ultimately for understanding the choices people made as they balanced various primary extractive and commercial activities to maintain cultural practices, adopt and develop new ones, survive and prosper. Relationships between people and locales at Caution Bay were, and continue to be, dynamic, with people playing a major role in shaping both the physical and biological landscape, just as the landscape and its resources have influenced the course of human history in this area

Science to Service Academic Program of Distinction: Proposal

A low level of scientific knowledge among the U.S. population has considerably hindered its economic preeminence and social development. Science to Serve is a distinctive framework at GCSU that embraces a significant number of formal and informal interdisciplinary practices with the single purpose of advancing the interest, engagement, and understanding of science and technology by people of all ages and backgrounds. That is, Science to Serve aims to make science “real” to those who might not ordinarily be engaged so that they see the role of science to life, in education, and to the economy. Primary support for this unique framework comes from the Office of Academic Outreach, the Department Biological &Environmental Sciences, the Department of Chemistry & Physics, the Science Education Center, and faculty from Middle Grades Education. This rich tradition of effectively communicating and instilling the usefulness of science to diverse communities has resulted in an impressive host of resources, programs, courses, and activities that are cross-disciplinary in scope. Science to Serve garners broad-based support from the university community and myriad constituencies beyond the campus with faculty and students of all majors serving as ambassadors of science. Partnerships with key statewide and national organizations have further strengthened this initiative and external funding has exceeded $2 million to date. For a relatively small liberal arts university in a rural location, this remarkably large number of resources focused on civic engagement through science is extraordinary. The Science to Serve framework will provide a cohesive, coherent and comprehensive structure that will greatly enhance opportunities for acquiring external support if selected as one of GCSU’s academic programs of distinctio

Dakotah Poesy (1990)

A literary magazine presenting the creative work of the students, staff, and friends of Dakota State University

Emerging out of Lapita at Caution Bay

[Extract] The discovery in 2010 of stratified Lapita assemblages at Caution Bay near Port Moresby, south coast of mainland Papua New Guinea (PNG) (David et al. 2011; McNiven et al. 2011), brought to the fore a series of important questions (Richards et al. 2016), many of which also apply to other parts of Island Melanesia where Lapita sites have been known for many decades. Unlike other parts of Melanesia, however, at Caution Bay some of the Lapita sites also have pre-Lapita horizons. A number are culturally very rich. At Caution Bay, where the oldest confirmed Lapita finds date to no earlier than c. 2900 cal BP (McNiven et al. 2012a), the major questions do not concern the earliest expressions of Lapita around 3300–3400 cal BP. Rather, here we are concerned more with identifying how assemblages associated with the Lapita cultural complex arrived and transformed along the south coast, after a presence in coastal and island regions to the northeast over the previous 400 years. These concerns contain both spatial and temporal elements: how and when, as a prelude to why, particular cultural traits continued and changed across Caution Bay. Tanamu 1 is the first of 122 archaeological sites excavated in Caution Bay upon which we will report. As a site, it represents the ideal entry point, as being a coastal site which contains pre-Lapita, Lapita and post-Lapita horizons it encapsulates many of the signatures, trends and transformations seen across the >5000 year Caution Bay sequence at large. Of special note in the wider context of Lapita archaeology, the presence of rich pre-Lapita horizons is what makes Caution Bay so important both in and of itself and for the Lapita story

The First High Redshift Quasar from Pan-STARRS

We present the discovery of the first high redshift (z > 5.7) quasar from the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System 1 (Pan-STARRS1 or PS1). This quasar was initially detected as an i dropoutout in PS1, confirmed photometrically with the SAO Widefield InfraRed Camera (SWIRC) at Arizona's Multiple Mirror Telescope (MMT) and the Gamma-Ray Burst Optical/Near-Infrared Detector (GROND) at the MPG 2.2 m telescope in La Silla. The quasar was verified spectroscopically with the the MMT Spectrograph, Red Channel and the Cassegrain Twin Spectrograph (TWIN) at the Calar Alto 3.5 m telescope. It has a redshift of 5.73, an AB z magnitude of 19.4, a luminosity of 3.8 x 10^47 erg/s and a black hole mass of 6.9 x 10^9 solar masses. It is a Broad Absorption Line quasar with a prominent Ly-beta peak and a very blue continuum spectrum. This quasar is the first result from the PS1 high redshift quasar search that is projected to discover more than a hundred i dropout quasars, and could potentially find more than 10 z dropout (z > 6.8) quasars.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure

Post-disaster functional recovery of the built environment: A systematic review and directions for future research

Life safety has been a primary design requirement in codes and standards for the built environment. However, over the past several years, better building performance goals that consider acceptable recovery times and continued functionality following major disasters have been advocated. Functional recovery, a new design philosophy that establishes holistic performance goals, and focuses on the robustness of structures, enhanced safety, and, specifically, fast return to operation post-disaster, has been introduced in earthquake engineering to govern future building designs. This article utilised the systematic review procedures as a tool to provide a state-of-the-art review of functional recovery research within the built environment. A critical review of 78 publications was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. The evolution of paradigm shifts from seismic resilience to functional recovery in earthquake engineering research has been discussed in detail. Two frameworks, namely the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) P-58 and Arup's Resilience-Based Earthquake Design Initiative (REDi), have been recognised as the most commonly utilised frameworks for modelling the functional recovery of buildings post-earthquake due to their effectiveness and widespread adoption. However, it is essential to acknowledge that recently developed frameworks, such as the F-Rec framework, ATC-138, and TREADS, which explicitly formulate functional recovery calculation procedures, have the potential to replace FEMA P-58 and REDi and advance functional recovery research in the future. Moreover, aligned with modular-based characteristics of existing frameworks, indicators required in functional recovery analysis have been extracted and classified into four distinct categories: 1) hazard analysis, 2) structural response analysis, 3) damage analysis, and 4) recovery analysis. This categorisation enables a comprehensive and systematic approach to understanding the multifaceted aspects of functional recovery in a structured manner. Detailed investigation of frameworks and indicators offers insights for future research exploration. These include (a) expanding the fragility library of components to permit more widespread recovery analysis, (b) comparing, validating and optimising existing frameworks and models, (c) enhancing the modelling of interdependencies between the building and its adjacent buildings and services, (d) improving the capability for uncertainty analysis, and (e) acquiring empirical data to enable predictability of the existing frameworks and models for functional recovery

A rapid biodiversity survey of Papua New Guinea's Manus and Mussau Islands

[Extract] Aim: The relatively remote islands of Manus and Mussau, located in the northern portion of the Bismark sea have been long identified as key biodiversity areas in Papua New Guinea and within greater Melanesia. Manus Island has long been known for its endemism and relatively intact forest, while Mussau Island, although relatively unstudied, has been recognised as an Endemic Bird Area. This report documents the findings of a series of rapid biodiversity surveys focusing on terrestrial flora and fauna, funded by the CEPF, encompassing four sites across the islands of Manus and Mussau; undertaken by a WCS led team of national and international taxonomic specialists in October 2014. The objective of these surveys was to investigate the biodiversity values of these areas. In conjunction with participatory community work conducted prior to, and following the surveys the wider WCS project aims to identify options for natural resource management in the region which addresses both community and biodiversity needs