Lost in Translation: The English Versions of Gabrielle Roy's Early Novels

In translating the early works of Gabrielle Roy, Harry Binsse sought to make his English words "sing the same song" as the French source texts according to three principles: no omissions, no additions, no disfiguring flatness. Yet Binsse's very fidelity to these strictures led to substantive errors in the translations, altering characterization and meaning in Roy's novels. In avoiding flatness, Binsse's excessive lyricism and antiquated diction eclipsed Roy's signature simplicity. Conversely, his concern with linguistic and factual precision tended to mar any intended ambiguity or generalizations in the original text. Most significantly, Binsse's description of aboriginal and Third World peoples represents a different ideological perspective than Roy's, which the reader could mistakenly attribute to Roy. However, Binsse does ultimately adhere to his overall goal "not to build barriers" in translation, having widely contributed to the English accessibility and success of Roy's novels

“GOOD, STEADY PROGRESS”: SUCCESS STORIES FROM ONTARIO ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN CHALLENGING CIRCUMSTANCE

This paper presents findings from a funded case study research project conducted in Ontario, Canada during the 2007-2008 school year. Together with the Elementary Teachers‘ Federation of Ontario (ETFO), the researchers undertook a qualitative investigation to identify and describe success stories from a diverse sample of 11 Ontario elementary schools working with students and communities affected by poverty. Through school visits, interviews, and document analysis, researchers identified three major findings: schools made connections with parents and the broader community; schools built a sense of collective endeavor and community within the school; and schools struggled with a persistent dilemma regarding students‘ social versus academic needs. The project contributes to the Canadian research literature on poverty and schooling and to the practical understanding of how schools can better work with students and communities affected by poverty

Body image in males as related to fraternity membership and levels of exercise.

Previous body image research has typically included females, while comparatively fewer studies focus solely on males. These studies have variously concluded that males are satisfied and dissatisfied with their bodies, with many suggesting that the desire for muscularity is related to their dissatisfaction without assessing muscularity levels. Exercise involvement has been linked to body image ratings, with regular exercisers reporting more satisfaction. The present study attempted to clarify the nature and extent of body dissatisfaction in males using 202 undergraduate males recruited from three Michigan-area universities. Males were grouped according to fraternity membership (n = 81), and football participation (n = 61), and participation in neither group (n = 60). Analyses focused on the effects of group membership and exercise levels on body image ratings, which was assessed using the Figure Rating Scale, the Body Esteem Scale, and several muscularity-related questions. No significant differences were found between the satisfaction levels of fraternity members and non fraternity, non-football males, or between football players and non-fraternity, non-football males. Findings indicated widespread dissatisfaction with current appearance, with most males desiring a more muscular upper body and, to a lesser extent, a more muscular lower body. The desire to be leaner in addition to more muscular was commonly reported. Several reasons for this dissatisfaction were identified, and were found to be similar in content among the groups but varied in terms of importance. A majority of the males reported at least some degree of satisfaction with their physical conditioning, physical attractiveness, and upper body strength. Low exercisers were more dissatisfied than regular exercisers on all body image variables except muscularity levels. These findings are discussed in the context of previous findings, and directions for future research are suggested.Dept. of Psychology. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis2000 .K45. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 40-03, page: 0789. Adviser: Cheryl Thomas. Thesis (M.A.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 2000

Standards for Specialized Nutrition Support: Home Care Patients

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141435/1/ncp0579.pd

Clinical classification of adult patients with chronic intestinal failure due to benign disease: An international multicenter cross-sectional survey

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The aim of the study was to evaluate the applicability of the ESPEN 16-category clinical classification of chronic intestinal failure, based on patients' intravenous supplementation (IVS) requirements for energy and fluids, and to evaluate factors associated with those requirements. METHODS: ESPEN members were invited to participate through ESPEN Council representatives. Participating centers enrolled adult patients requiring home parenteral nutrition for chronic intestinal failure on March 1st 2015. The following patient data were recorded though a structured database: sex, age, body weight and height, intestinal failure mechanism, underlying disease, IVS volume and energy need. RESULTS: Sixty-five centers from 22 countries enrolled 2919 patients with benign disease. One half of the patients were distributed in 3 categories of the ESPEN clinical classification. 9% of patients required only fluid and electrolyte supplementation. IVS requirement varied considerably according to the pathophysiological mechanism of intestinal failure. Notably, IVS volume requirement represented loss of intestinal function better than IVS energy requirement. A simplified 8 category classification of chronic intestinal failure was devised, based on two types of IVS (either fluid and electrolyte alone or parenteral nutrition admixture containing energy) and four categories of volume. CONCLUSIONS: Patients' IVS requirements varied widely, supporting the need for a tool to homogenize patient categorization. This study has devised a novel, simplified eight category IVS classification for chronic intestinal failure that will prove useful in both the clinical and research setting when applied together with the underlying pathophysiological mechanism of the patient's intestinal failure

An international study of the quality of life of adult patients treated with home parenteral nutrition

Background & aims: Home parenteral nutrition-quality of life (HPN-QOL©) is a self-assessment tool for the measurement of QOL in patients on HPN. The aims of this study were: to re-assess the basic psychometric properties of the HPN-QOL© in a multinational sample of adult patients; to provide a description of QOL dimensions by short and long HPN treatment duration; to explore clinical factors potentially associated to QOL scores. Methods: Patients (n = 699) from 14 countries completed the HPN-QOL©. The questionnaires were analysed to evaluate data completeness, convergent/discriminant validity and internal-consistency reliability. The association of overall QOL and HPN treatment duration as well as other clinical factors were investigated using multivariable linear regression models. Results: The analysis of the multitrait-scaling and internal consistency indicates a good fit with the questionnaire structure for most items. Item discriminant validity correlation was satisfactory and psychometric evaluation of the HPN-QOL© in the different English, French and Italian language patient sub-groups confirmed psychometric equivalence of the three questionnaire versions. The results of the multivariable linear regression showed that QOL scores were significantly associated with HPN duration (better in long-term), underlying disease (better in Crohn's disease and mesenteric ischaemia) and living status (worse in living alone) and, after adjusting for the other factors, with the number of days of HPN infusion per week. Conclusions: The HPN-QOL©, is a valid tool for measurement of QOL in patients on HPN, to be used in the clinical practice as well as in research

The triple helix of clinical, research, and education missions in academic health centers: A qualitative study of diverse stakeholder perspectives.

Introduction: Academic health centers are poised to improve health through their clinical, education, and research missions. However, these missions often operate in silos. The authors explored stakeholder perspectives at diverse institutions to understand challenges and identify alignment strategies. Methods: Authors used an exploratory qualitative design and thematic analysis approach with data obtained from electronic surveys sent to participants at five U.S. academic health centers (2017-18), with four different types of medical school/health system partnerships. Participants included educators, researchers, system leaders, administrators, clinical providers, resident/fellow physicians, and students. Investigators coded data using constant comparative analysis, met regularly to reconcile uncertainties, and collapsed/combined categories. Results: Of 175 participants invited, 113 completed the survey (65%). Three results categories were identified. First, five higher-order themes emerged related to aligning missions, including (a) shared vision and strategies, (b) alignment of strategy with community needs, (c) tension of economic drivers, (d) coproduction of knowledge, and (e) unifying set of concepts spanning all missions. Second, strategies for each mission were identified, including education (new competencies, instructional methods, recruitment), research (shifting agenda, developing partnerships, operations), and clinical operations (delivery models, focus on patient factors/needs, value-based care, well-being). Lastly, strategies for integrating each dyadic mission pair, including research-education, clinical operations education, and research-clinical operations, were identified. Conclusions: Academic health centers are at a crossroads in regard to identity and alignment across the tripartite missions. The study\u27s results provide pragmatic strategies to advance the tripartite missions and lead necessary change for improved patient health

Avaliação das medidas de biosegurança na execução da técnica radiografica intrabucal durante procedimentos clínicos e endodônticos / Evaluation of biosafety measures in the execution of the intraoral radiographic technique during clinical and endodontic procedures

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar as medidas de biossegurança dos alunos de odontologia da UEPB durante a execução das técnicas radiográficas quando da realização dos procedimentos clínicos e endodônticos. O estudo realizado foi do tipo observacional, transversal, de abordagem quantitativa e a coleta de dados ocorreu a partir da observação das medidas de biossegurança tomadas pelos estudantes durante a aquisição radiográfica no serviço de radiologia do departamento de odontologia da UEPB. Foram analisados 52 alunos dos quais 40,38% não precisaram da ajuda de um supervisor durante o procedimento, 63,46% dos alunos não deram orientações para os seus pacientes antes do exame e nenhum paciente foi acompanhado. Todos os estudantes utilizaram jaleco e sapato fechado branco, 96,15% usaram touca, 25% utilizaram óculos de proteção, 80,77% utilizaram máscara e 94,23% luva. Em relação à proteção do paciente durante a tomada radiográfica, 98,07% utilizou o avental plumbífero e 90,38% usou o protetor de tireoide. Não houve a necessidade de repetição da técnica em 90,38%. Conclui-se que os alunos do curso de Odontologia da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba - Campus I que tiveram as suas condutas de biossegurança durante as tomadas radiográficas analisadas possuem, em geral, boas medidas de biossegurança, apesar de que as mesmas devem ser melhoradas para maior segurança e bem estar dos alunos e dos pacientes.