FOLK DANCE-DRAMAS AS HYBRID CULTURE IN THE THAI-MALAY BORDER REGION : NORA, MAKYUNG, AND MEK MELUNG

Some of the traditional folk dance-dramas that have spread across Thailand and Malaysia contain animistic and Brahminical cultural elements that predate the arrival of Theravada Buddhism and Islam. They are orally transmitted traditions performed by groups of performers and the exact dates of their origin are unknown. However, their transmission across time and space resembles the evolution of the ancient version of the mandala structure centered on Nakhon Si Thammarat. Following the establishment of the border between Thailand and Malaya and the adoption of Buddhism and Islam in each respective country, the Nora, Makyung and Mek Melung dance-dramas were adapted to conform to new lifestyles, urbanization, and changing political and religious norms

<Review Article>Wound Effects on Cytodifferentiation in the Secondary Xylem of Woody Plants

この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました

Maternidad subrogada y el interés superior del niño en la jurisprudencia de la corte suprema del Perú 2022

El desarrollo de la presente investigación, está dirigida a resolver la problemática a nivel nacional sobre la maternidad subrogada en relación con el principio de interés superior del niño, problema que se acrecienta con el transcurrir del tiempo, ya que en tiempos actuales estamos viendo como la tecnología va avanzando y le va sacando ventajas al Derecho, siendo esta una ciencia que debe ir de acorde con la realidad social por lo mismo que tiene una característica cambiante; hoy en día al ordenamiento jurídico peruano no tiene una regulación acerca de lo que es la maternidad subrogada, siendo está considerada como una TRHA, al cual muchas parejas que tienen problemas de procrear hijos por alguna infertilidad o esterilidad, se apoyan en estas técnicas para llevar a cabo el sueño anhelado de poder formar una familia, ahora bien, al no existir una regulación en el Perú, se torna preocupante esta situación, puesto que la vulneración de los derechos de los participantes en estos actos podrían verse dañados de forma grave y de igual manera la del nuevo ser, afectando de esta manera el PISN, siendo este un derecho que debería estar cautelado y protegido en un 100% por el Estado Peruano. Se planteó para el desarrollo de este proyecto como objetivo general: determinar de qué manera la maternidad subrogada se relaciona con el principio de interés superior del niño en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Suprema del Perú, utilizando un método de investigación cualitativa, tipo descriptivo correlacional y como instrumento y técnica para la obtención de información utilizamos el análisis documental, análisis de contenido y la guía de entrevista, a fin de poder entender, esquematizar, analizar y llegar a una conclusión sobre los objetivos trazados

Application of hot spring pool training in outpatients with chronic diseases and its clinical evaluation

1996年4月より6月までの3ヵ月間に,三朝分院内の温泉プールで水泳ないし歩行訓練を受けた内科外来患者は延べ2109例(実数213例)で,外来患者総数(延べ6848例)に対する利用率は30.8%であった｡これらの対象症例について,リハビリテーション受診カードにより,性別,年令別,疾患別の検討を行った｡その結果,性別では女性が多く(72.3%),年齢別では50才以上の患者が多い(80.3%)傾向が見られた｡また,地域別検討では,鳥取県内からの患 者が多い(88.3%)傾向であった。さらに,1996年12月より1997年1月へかけて,アンケート調査を行い(集計数;64例)継続期間,利用回数,効果を感じた期間,効果のあった症状などについて疾患別に比較検討した｡その結果,慢性閉塞性肺疾患を主とした呼吸器疾患では,週に1～2回の利用回数(50.0%)で長期間(3年以上:52.9%)続けている患者が多い傾向であった｡また慢性関節リウマチ,腰痛などの慢性疼痛性疾患では,訓練期間は比較的短期間であっ たが（3年以下:52.9%),利用回数は週に3～5回(38.0%)と多い傾向が見られた。温泉プール訓練では,疾患本来の症状改善に加えて,全身状態の改善,精神的リラックス,気分転換などを感じていることが示唆された｡For three months from April to June in 1996, 2109(30.8%) of 6848 outpatients (the total number) had swimming and walking traning in a hot spring pool. Of the 213 patients (the actual number), the numbers of female patients (72.3%), of patients over the age of 50 (80.3%), and of those coming inside Tottori prefecture (88.3%) were larger in analysis by the consultation cards for rehabillitation. The results of questionnaire from the patients performed from December 1996 to January 1997 demonstrated that patients with chronic respiratory disease had pool training 1 to 2 times a week (50.0%) and for longer term (more than 3 years, 52.9%), and patients with chronic pain disease had the training 3 to 5 times a week (38.0%) and for shoter term (less than 3 years, 61.9%). It was suggested from the results that tha training in a hot spring pool improved subjective and objective symptoms of each disease, and, furthermore, brought about improvement of general condition, psychological relaxation, and a change of feeling

Pathogenic Epitopes of Autoantibodies in Pemphigus Reside in the Amino-Terminal Adhesive Region of Desmogleins Which Are Unmasked by Proteolytic Processing of Prosequence

Pemphigus targets desmogleins (Dsgs), which are thought to be synthesized as inactive precursor proteins with prosequences that are cleaved by substilisin-like proprotein convertases, such as furin, to yield mature adhesive molecules. We hypothesized that some pemphigus pathogenic antibodies (Abs), which presumably interfere with adhesion, only bind the mature form. A pathogenic and three non-pathogenic anti-Dsg1 monoclonal Abs (mAbs) isolated from a pemphigus foliaceus (PF) patient, were used for immunoprecipitation and ELISA of recombinant precursor and mature Dsg1. The pathogenic Ab binds mature Dsg1, whereas non-pathogenic Abs bind either only the precursor or both the precursor and mature Dsg1. Competition ELISA showed that the majority of PF sera target the same or nearby epitopes defined by the pathogenic anti-Dsg1 mAb that blocked >20% binding of 29 out of 40 PF sera. Furthermore, the immunoreactivity of 45 PF sera against the mature Dsg1 was 3.2 fold stronger than that against the precursor Dsg1 by ELISA. Similar results were observed in anti-Dsg3 Abs in 47 pemphigus vulgaris sera, suggesting that most pemphigus sera target epitopes that are unmasked by proteolytic processing. These findings support the idea that at least some pathogenic pemphigus autoantibodies induce the loss of cell adhesion by directly binding the trans-interaction site of Dsgs

Factors and Requirements Constituting the Concept of Citizen Guardians : Review of prior research

本研究は先行研究から市民後見人の概念を構成する要素と要件を整理し、それをもとに市民後見人の新たな定義づけを試みることを目的としている。CiNii で「市民後見」、「社会貢献型後見人」、「区民後見人」をキーワードとして検索したところ158件がヒットした。そのうち関連の薄いものを除くと11件であった。さらに専門誌『実践成年後見』から手作業で3件を選択した。合計14件をレビュー対象とし、市民後見人を規定する記述を取り出して検討した。その結果、市民後見人の概念を構成する要素を「候補者個人の属性」、「地域性」、「支援組織による養成と継続した活動支援」、「活動形態」、「市民による権利擁護活動」、「報酬の意味」の6つに分類することができた。さらにこの6つの要素を「個人の要件」、「支援体制の要件」、「活動の要件」の3つの要件に整理した。これらの要素と要件から市民後見人の新たな定義を次のように提示した。「市民後見人とは自治体や自治体の委託機関が実施する養成研修を受講し、後見人として必要なスキルを身に付けた上、継続した支援を受けながら地域における福祉活動・権利擁護活動を実践する人々である。専門職の資格の有無は問わないが、これらの活動を職業として行うことはなく、地域での社会貢献として行う」This study aimed to sort and analyze the elements and requirements that make up the concept of citizen guardians by reviewing prior research, and consequently, attempt to provide a new definition to the idea of citizen guardians. CiNii returned a total of 158 hits for the search terms "citizen guardian", "social-contributor citizen guardian", and "ward residents\u27 guardian." Excerpts defining citizen guardians were examined in the eleven papers that remained after excluding irrelevant results. In addition to these, I manually selected three cases from adult guardian journals. A total of 14 cases were subject to review, and descriptions of citizen guardians were extracted and examined. This made it possible to classify the factors that constitute the concept of citizen guardians into six categories: candidate\u27s basic information, regionality, training and support for activities by support organizations, type of activity, rights advocacy activities by the citizen, and meaning of remuneration. These six factors were further organized under three requirements: requirements of the individual, requirements of support organizations, and requirements of the activity. From these factors and requirements, a new definition of citizen guardian was formulated as follows: Citizen guardians are people who under training conducted by local governments or agencies entrusted by local governments, acquire necessary skills as guardians, and practice local welfare activities and advocacy activities while receiving continuous support. Regardless of professional qualifications, these activities are not carried out as occupations but as social contributions in the community.黒田研二教授退職記念

Correlative study of hippocampal atrophy assessed by MRI and clinical features in temporal lobe epilepsy.

側頭葉てんかん患者39例の海馬萎縮をMRIを用いて評価し,臨床像との関連を検討した｡MRIの冠状断short SE像で海馬の幅を計測し,萎縮側海馬の村側海馬に対する比(a)を求め,海馬萎縮(+)群;a<0.8,11例,境界群;0.8≦a<0.9,13例,海馬萎縮(-)群;a≧0.9,15例の3群に分けた｡海馬萎縮(+)群で罹病期間が長い傾向があった｡また,発作間歇期脳波の焦点側は海馬委縮(+)群の11例中9例で萎縮側と一致した。しかし,発病年齢,MRI撮影時年齢,発作頻度,全般化発作の有無,抗てんかん薬総服用量,知能障害,精神症状,生下時仮死の有無については3群間で差が認められなかった｡この結果から,側頭葉てんかんにおける海馬萎縮は,生下時や全身けいれん発作時の低酸素状態によるものではなく,脳局所の反復するてんかん性発射と関連する可能性が示唆され,海馬萎縮の機序を考えるうえで興味深く思われた。We studied hippocampal atrophy in 39 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy using MRI. The ratio (a) of the width of the hippocampus on the atrophic side to that on the contralateral side was measured in coronal sections of the short SE in MRI. According to this ratio, the patients were divided into three groups : 11 with hippocampal atrophy (a<0.8), 13 with borderline atrophy (0.8≦a≦0.9), and 15 with no hippocampal atrophy (a≧0.8). In the patients of the group with hippocampal atrophy, the clinical history of epilepsy tended to be long, and the site of hippocampal atrophy was consistent with that of interictal spike foci on the electroencephalogram in 9 out of 11 patients. However, there was no difference between the three groups, with regard to age at onset, age when MRI was conducted, frequency of seizures, generalized seizures, the types and doses of antiepileptic drugs used, history of neonatal asphyxia, intelligence and epilpetic psychosis. These results suggest that hippocampal atrophy in temporal lobe epilepsy may be related to repetition of epileptic dischargges in a localized part of the brain

PIP3-Phldb2 is crucial for LTP regulating synaptic NMDA and AMPA receptor density and PSD95 turnover

The essential involvement of phosphoinositides in synaptic plasticity is well-established, but incomplete knowledge of the downstream molecular entities prevents us from understanding their signalling cascades completely. Here, we determined that Phldb2, of which pleckstrin-homology domain is highly sensitive to PIP3, functions as a phosphoinositide-signalling mediator for synaptic plasticity. BDNF application caused Phldb2 recruitment toward postsynaptic membrane in dendritic spines, whereas PI3K inhibition resulted in its reduced accumulation. Phldb2 bound to postsynaptic scaffolding molecule PSD-95 and was crucial for localization and turnover of PSD-95 in the spine. Phldb2 also bound to GluA1 and GluA2. Phldb2 was indispensable for the interaction between NMDA receptors and CaMKII, and the synaptic density of AMPA receptors. Therefore, PIP3-responsive Phldb2 is pivotal for induction and maintenance of LTP. Memory formation was impaired in our Phldb2−/− mice