Primary Molar Pulpotomies with Different Hemorrhage Control Agents and Base Materials: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiographical success of primary molar pulpotomies which used 15.5% ferric sulfate (FS) or 1.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for hemostasis and zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) and calcium hydroxide (CH) pastes as base materials. Methods: In 29 healthy children, 80 primary molars were randomly allocated to one of the study groups: Group 1: FS-ZOE, Group 2: FS-CH, Group 3: NaOCl-ZOE, and Group 4: NaOCl-CH. After hemostasis with the respective solutions, pulp stumps and floor of the pulp chambers were covered with either ZOE or CH pastes. All teeth were restored with stainless steel crowns. Follow-up examinations were carried out at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Results: One tooth in Group 1 and two teeth in Group 4 were extracted because of pain and periapial pathosis at sixth month. After 12 months, clinical success rates of pulpotomies in Groups 1-4 were 95%, 100%, 100%, and 89.5%, respectively. The differences were not significant (P = 0.548). Radiographic success rates for Groups 1-4 were 80%, 88.9%, 78.9%, and 84.2%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found (P = 0.968). Pain on percussion was the most observed clinical finding. However, internal root resorption was the most common radiological finding and it was observed significantly more in mandibular primary molars (P \u3c 0.05). Conclusion: Both ZOE and CH can be preferred as base materials after hemostasis achieved by the use of 15.5% FS or 1.25% NaOCl in primary tooth pulpotomy

Non-linear laws of echoic memory and auditory change detection in humans

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The detection of any abrupt change in the environment is important to survival. Since memory of preceding sensory conditions is necessary for detecting changes, such a change-detection system relates closely to the memory system. Here we used an auditory change-related N1 subcomponent (change-N1) of event-related brain potentials to investigate cortical mechanisms underlying change detection and echoic memory.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Change-N1 was elicited by a simple paradigm with two tones, a standard followed by a deviant, while subjects watched a silent movie. The amplitude of change-N1 elicited by a fixed sound pressure deviance (70 dB vs. 75 dB) was negatively correlated with the logarithm of the interval between the standard sound and deviant sound (1, 10, 100, or 1000 ms), while positively correlated with the logarithm of the duration of the standard sound (25, 100, 500, or 1000 ms). The amplitude of change-N1 elicited by a deviance in sound pressure, sound frequency, and sound location was correlated with the logarithm of the magnitude of physical differences between the standard and deviant sounds.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The present findings suggest that temporal representation of echoic memory is non-linear and Weber-Fechner law holds for the automatic cortical response to sound changes within a suprathreshold range. Since the present results show that the behavior of echoic memory can be understood through change-N1, change-N1 would be a useful tool to investigate memory systems.</p

[pt] MÓDULO II - SLIDES COMPLEMENTARES - ADM1668

Aims: Nitroxyl (HNO) interacts with thiols to act as a redox-sensitive modulator of protein function. It enhances sarcoplasmic reticular Ca2+ uptake and myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity, improving cardiac contractility. This activity has led to clinical testing of HNO donors for heart failure. Here we tested whether HNO alters the inhibitory interaction between phospholamban (PLN) and the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) in a redox-dependent manner, improving Ca2+ handling in isolated myocytes/hearts. Results: Ventriculocytes, sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicles, and whole hearts were isolated from control (wildtype [WT]) or PLN knockout (pln(-/-)) mice. Compared to WT, pln(-/-) myocytes displayed enhanced resting sarcomere shortening, peak Ca2+ transient, and blunted -adrenergic responsiveness. HNO stimulated shortening, relaxation, and Ca2+ transient in WT cardiomyocytes, and evoked positive inotropy/lusitropy in intact hearts. These changes were markedly blunted in pln(-/-) cells/hearts. HNO enhanced SR Ca2+ uptake in WT but not pln(-/-) SR-vesicles. Spectroscopic studies in insect cell microsomes expressing SERCA2a +/- PLN showed that HNO increased Ca2+-dependent SERCA2a conformational flexibility but only when PLN was present. in cardiomyocytes, HNO achieved this effect by stabilizing PLN in an oligomeric disulfide bond-dependent configuration, decreasing the amount of free inhibitory monomeric PLN available. Innovation: HNO-dependent redox changes in myocyte PLN oligomerization relieve PLN inhibition of SERCA2a. Conclusions: PLN plays a central role in HNO-induced enhancement of SERCA2a activity, leading to increased inotropy/lusitropy in intact myocytes and hearts. PLN remains physically associated with SERCA2a; however, less monomeric PLN is available resulting in decreased inhibition of the enzyme. These findings offer new avenues to improve Ca2+ handling in failing hearts. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 19, 1185-1197.American Heart AssociationT32 NIH Training GrantItalian Society of CardiologyISHR-ES/ServierCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)NIHNational Science FoundationAHA Scientist Development GrantFondation LeducqPeter Belfer LaboratoryAbraham and Virginia Weiss ProfessorshipAmerican Heart Association GIAJohns Hopkins Med Inst, Div Cardiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USAVirginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biochem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USAClin Montevergine, Mercogliano, ItalyUS Army Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen, MD USAExcet Inc, Springfield, VA USAUniv Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP EPM, Dept Farmacol, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Alabama Birmingham, Dept Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USAJohns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USAMed Univ Graz, Div Cardiol, Graz, AustriaVanderbilt Univ, Dept Clin Pharmacol, Nashville, TN 37235 USAOhio State Univ, Davis Heart & Lung Res Inst, Dept Physiol & Cell Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USAUniv Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USAEdward Via Coll Osteopath Med, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USAUniv Perugia, Dept Clin Med, I-06100 Perugia, ItalyUniversidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP EPM, Dept Farmacol, São Paulo, BrazilAmerican Heart Association: 0815217EAmerican Heart Association: 10POST4140001NIH: R01CA102428NIH: K02HL094692NIH: R01HL079283NIH: R01 HL26057NIH: R01 HL64018NIH: R01 HL101235NIH: 1 R15HL091410NIH: R01 HL075265NIH: R01 HL091923National Science Foundation: CHE-1213438AHA Scientist Development Grant: 10SDG2640109Web of Scienc

A Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Nucleotide Variants at Siglec5 and Defa1A3 As Risk Loci for Periodontitis

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Osteoblast cell response to nanoscale SiO2/ZrO2 particulate-reinforced titanium composites and scaffolds by powder metallurgy

The strength of porous pure titanium (Ti) scaffold decreases dramatically with the introduction of porosity and might become lower than that of natural bone when with high porosity. To simultaneously meet the requirements of low-elastic modulus and appropriate strength for implant materials, it is necessary to develop new biocompatible Ti-based composites that are stronger than those currently available while providing low-elastic modulus and adequate strength when they are scaffolded into a porous structure. In this study, new particulatereinforced Ti-based composites with nanoscale oxide particles of SiO2 and ZrO2 were prepared using a powder metallurgical method. The strengths of the new particulatereinforced titanium composites were found to be signifi- cantly higher than that of a pure Ti. Cell culture results revealed that the articulate-reinforced titanium composites showed excellent biocompatibility and cell adhesion. Human osteoblast-like SaOS2 cells grew and spread well on the surfaces of the new titanium composites. The present study illustrated the feasibility of using the particulate-reinforced titanium composites as an orthopaedic implant materia