10 research outputs found
Perspectives of Preservice Teachers on the Statements Related to Preservice Teachers and Competence of Lecturers
This study aims to find out the attitude of preservice teachers of AÄrı Ä°.Ă. University Faculty of Education who study at the Department of Elementary Turkish Education to the statements related to preservice teachers and competence of lecturers. A-) The statements related to preservice teachers includes following statements: âProductivity of the courses taken in the school enable them to understand the qualifications that a teacher must have.â, âStudents take advantages of the education process which brings them sufficient teaching experienceâ, âDuring their education, students experience many fascinating features related to teaching professions which they havenât seen before.â, âOpportunities and facilities that the students have in the school let them have rich variety of experiences related to communication with people.â, âThe students who have thought that they couldnât be teacher understand they are in wrong to assume it after they experience teaching.â B-) The statements related to competence of lecturers includes following statements: âLecturers have enough professional competence since they have received decent undergraduate education.â, âLecturers can convey their knowledge to students by showing their class related to class management and employing different methods to teach since they donât teach the lessons with the exception of their professional fields.â, âLecturers can plan the teaching-learning process successfully thanks to their professional teaching knowledge.â, âScientific dignity that the lecturers have thanks to their competence makes them reach the exemplary positions.â, âThe high level of service delivery qualifications which the lecturers have thanks to their competence makes the students apply their knowledge to real life.â A questionnaire which includes questions related to A-) the statements related to preservice and B-) the statements related to competence of lecturers is conducted to determine the attitudes of preservice teachers towards. A-) The statements related to preservice teachers and B-) The statements related to competence of lecturers. The sample for the research is composed of 121 preservice teachers of AÄrı Ä°.Ă. University Faculty of Education who study at the Department of Elementary Turkish Education. According to the findings of the research; it is seen that the preservice teachers have answered the questions containing information on A-) the statements related to preservice and B-) the statements related to competence of lecturers with variable rates. The results which are mentioned above make it possible to come to that conclusion that preservice teachers have responded to questionnaire which is reliable according to its Cronbachâs Alpha value (α=0.91) in varying ratios (Field, 2013)
Defeat, entrapment and suicidal ideation in a Turkish community sample of young adults: an examination of the Integrated Motivational-Volitional (IMV) model of suicidal behaviour
The present study examines the relationships between defeat, entrapment, suicidal ideation, thwarted belongingness, and perceived burdensomeness through the Integrated Motivational-Volitional (IMV) Model of Suicidal Behaviour in a sample of Turkish young adults. The sample consisted of 451 individuals (72.5% females, Mage= 25.20). The correlation analyses revealed significant relationships between defeat, entrapment, suicidal ideation, thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness in the expected directions. Mediation and moderation analyses partly confirmed the assumptions of the motivational phase of the IMV model; entrapment played a mediating role between defeat and suicidal ideation, and thwarted belongingness (but not perceived burdensomeness) had a moderating role in the pathway between entrapment and suicidal ideation. These findings add a new dimension to the understanding of suicide risk and potential protective factors through the IMV model, which was tested for the first time in the Turkish population. It is anticipated that this study will contribute to suicide prevention intervention strategies, especially for young adults, at-risk group for suicide in Turkey
Recent Advances in Health Biotechnology During Pandemic
The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which
emerged in 2019, cut the epoch that will make profound fluctuates in the history of the world
in social, economic, and scientific fields. Urgent needs in public health have brought with
them innovative approaches, including diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. To exceed the
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, various scientific authorities in the world
have procreated advances in real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based diagnostic
tests, rapid diagnostic kits, the development of vaccines for immunization, and the purposing
pharmaceuticals for treatment. Diagnosis, treatment, and immunization approaches put for-
ward by scientific communities are cross-fed from the accrued knowledge of multidisciplinary
sciences in health biotechnology. So much so that the pandemic, urgently prioritized in the
world, is not only viral infections but also has been the pulsion in the development of novel
approaches in many fields such as diagnosis, treatment, translational medicine, virology, mi-
crobiology, immunology, functional nano- and bio-materials, bioinformatics, molecular biol-
ogy, genetics, tissue engineering, biomedical devices, and artificial intelligence technologies.
In this review, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of various scientific
areas of health biotechnology are discussed
Investıgatıon Of The Effects Of Sevoflurane And Desflurane On Rat Braın Tıssue Oxıdant And Antıoxıdant System In Dıabetıc Rats In Temporary Hyperglycemıa Perıod
Bu tez çalıĆmasında desfluran ve sevofluranın, diyabet oluĆturulan ratların hiperglisemi döneminde
beyin dokusu oksidan antioksidan sistem ĂŒzerine etkilerinin araĆtırılması amaçlanmıĆtır. Wistar
Albino cinsi 30 adet rat rastgele Kontrol, Diyabet kontrol, Diyabet, Diyabet-Desfluran ve Diyabet-
Sevofluran olarak 5 gruba ayrıldılar. Diyabet gruplarına 55 mg/kg streptozotosin uygulandı. Kan
Ćekeri 250 mg/dl ve ĂŒzerinde olanlar diyabetik olarak kabul edildi. Diyabet grubuna 2.5 g/kg glikoz
uygulandı. Sevofluran ve Desfluran gruplarına anestezi uygulamasından önce 2.5 g/kg glikoz
uygulandı ve 2 saat boyunca minimum alveoler konsantrasyon 1 olacak Ćekilde, desfluran %6,
sevofluran %2,3 oranında 4 L/dk oksijen ile karıĆım halinde uygulandı. 100 mg/kg ketamin
enjeksiyonu ardından ratlar sakrifiye edildi. Ătenazi sonrasında beyin dokusu alınarak soÄuk 0.154
M NaCl çözeltisi ile yıkanarak -80 ÂșC de muhafaza edildi. Beyin dokuları homojenize edilerek
sĂŒpernatanlarda CAT, GST, PON aktiviteleri ile TBARS seviyeleri ölĂ§ĂŒldĂŒ. Diyabet kontrol grubu
CAT, GST ve PON aktiviteleri ile TBARS seviyesi kontrol grubuna göre azalmÄ±Ć olarak bulundu,
ancak bu azalma istatistiksel olarak anlamsızdı. Desfluran grubu CAT, GST ve PON aktiviteleri ile
TBARS seviyesi kontrol grubuna göre azalmÄ±Ć olarak bulundu, bunlardan yalnız CAT ve PON
aktivitelerindeki azalma istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p<0.05). Sevofluran grubunda ise CAT,
GST ve PON aktiviteleri ile TBARS seviyesi kontrol grubuna göre dĂŒĆĂŒk olarak bulundu, CAT
aktivitesindeki azalma istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p<0.05). Diyabet-desfluran ve Diyabetsevofluran
gruplarında ise CAT, GST, PON aktiviteleri ve TBARS deÄerlerinde kontrol grubuna
göre azalmalar görĂŒldĂŒ. Ayrıca, diyabet oluĆturulan ratlarda, desfluran ve sevofluran
uygulamasında, sevofluran uygulamasının desfluran uygulamasına göre antioksidan sistemi daha
az etkilediÄi görĂŒlmektedir. Bu etkinin ise desfluranın kimyasal yapısından kaynaklandıÄı
dĂŒĆĂŒnĂŒlebilir.The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of sevoflurane and desflurane on oxidantantioxidant
system in diabetic rats brain tissue in temporary hyperglycemia period. 30 Wistar
Albino rats were divided randomly into 5 groups: Control, Diabetic control, Diabetic, Diabeticdesflurane
and Diabetic-sevoflurane. Diabet induced by streptozotocin at a dose of 55 mg/ kg. Rats
were classified as diabetic if their blood glucose levels exceed 250 mg/dl. We injected 2,5 g/kg
glucose on diabetic group and before the anesthetic exposure to sevoflurane and desflurane groups.
We administered 6% desflurane and 2% sevoflurane mixtured by 4L/min oxygen during 2 hours.
All rats received ketamin 100 mg/kg and and then we took out these rats brain and measured levels
of CAT, GST, PON enzyme activities and TBARS levels in brain tissue. In group Diabetic Control,
CAT, GST and PON enzyme activities and TBARS level less than control group but these results
were not statistically significant. In group Desflurane, CAT, GST, PON activities and TBARS
level less than control group but only CAT and PON activities were statistically significant. In
addition to in group Sevoflurane, CAT, GST, PON activities and TBARS level less than control
group but only CAT activity was statistically significant. We determined that CAT, GST, PON
activities and TBARS levels decrease when desflurane and sevoflurane administered on
hyperglycemic diabetic rats. Desflurane is more harmfull than sevoflurane on brain antioxidant
system in hyperglycemia period of diabetic rats. We think this harmful effects source from the
chemical structure of desflurane
Fizik ĂÄretmen Adaylarının Rutin Olmayan Fizik Problemleri Kurarken Kullandıkları ĂstbiliĆsel Stratejiler
The aim of this study is to examine the non-routine problem posing skills of pre-service physics teachers and determine which metacognitive strategies they use. The research was conducted according to qualitative research methods. In this context, the findings were reached by analyzing the content of the data. Data on the knowledge and opinions of a total of 40 pre-service teachers studying in 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades on problem posing and non-routine problem posing according to grade levels were collected at the beginning of the study. Later, the non-routine problem posing activity was applied to 20 candidates who were randomly selected from among the pre-service teachers. In this way, data were collected about the problem posing skills of 20 randomly selected pre-service teachers and their metacognitive strategies when setting up non-routine problems. According to the results of the study, it was seen that the physics teacher candidates had knowledge about non-routine problems and problem posing approach .However, they did not have experience with problem-posing approach in physics teaching. One of the results obtained in the study is that teacher candidates are metacognitively active while setting up non-routine problem situations. After the non-routine problem posing activity, the preservice teachers expressed positive opinions about the use of the problem posing approach in physics education. In line with the results obtained, suggestions were made to include problem posing activities in physics education and to conduct academic studies in the branch of physics education in universities.
Keywords: physics teacher candidates, creative thinking, problem solving, non-routine problem posing, metacognitive strategies.Ăz
İçinde bulunduÄumuz yĂŒzyılda yaratıcı dĂŒĆĂŒnme ve problem çözme becerileri oldukça önem kazanmıĆtır. Aktif öÄrenmenin gerçekleĆmesi ve ĂŒst biliĆsel stratejilerin kullanılarak problem çözmede baĆarı saÄlanmasında problem kurma becerilerinin de etkisi vardır. Bu araĆtırmanın amacı fizik öÄretmen adaylarının rutin olmayan problem kurma becerilerini inceleyerek hangi ĂŒst biliĆsel stratejileri kullandıklarını belirlemektir. AraĆtırma nitel araĆtırma yöntemlerine göre yĂŒrĂŒtĂŒlmĂŒĆtĂŒr. Verilerin içerik analizleri yapılarak bulgulara ulaĆılmıĆtır. Sınıf dĂŒzeylerine göre problem kurma ve rutin olmayan problem kurma ĂŒzerine 1, 2, 3 ve 4. sınıflarda öÄrenim gören toplam 40 öÄretmen adayının bilgi ve görĂŒĆleri hakkındaki veriler araĆtırmanın baĆında toplanmıĆtır. Daha sonra araĆtırmacı tarafından geliĆtirilen rutin olmayan problem kurma etkinliÄi 40 öÄretmen adayından öÄretmen rastgele seçilen 20 adaya uygulanmıĆtır. Bu Ćekilde rastgele seçilen 20 öÄretmen adayının problem kurma becerileri ve rutin olmayan problemler kurarken kullandıkları ĂŒst biliĆsel stratejileri hakkında veriler toplanmıĆtır. Rutin olmayan problem kurma becerileri deÄerlendirilirken araĆtırmacı tarafından belirlenen rubriÄe göre puanlamalar yapılmıĆtır. DeÄerlendirme sonuçları ile ĂŒst biliĆe yönelik form verileri birlikte yorumlanmıĆtır. AraĆtırmanın sonucunda, fizik öÄretmen adaylarının rutin olmayan problemler ve problem kurma yaklaĆımı hakkında bilgileri olduÄu ancak fizik öÄretiminde problem kurma yaklaĆımına dair deneyimleri olmadıÄı görĂŒlmĂŒĆtĂŒr. ĂÄretmen adaylarının rutin olmayan problem kurma becerilerinin genel olarak dĂŒĆĂŒk olmakla birlikte, öÄrenim gördĂŒkleri sınıf bazında beceri farklılıklarının olduÄu sonucuna ulaĆılmıĆtır. ĂÄretmen adayların rutin olmayan problem durumları kurarken ĂŒst biliĆsel olarak aktif olmuĆlardır. ĂÄretmen adayları problem kurma yaklaĆımının fizik eÄitiminde kullanılmasına dair olumlu görĂŒĆler belirtmiĆlerdir. Sonuçlar doÄrultusunda fizik öÄretiminde problem kurma etkinliklerine yer verilmesine ve ĂŒniversitelerde fizik öÄretimi branĆında da akademik çalıĆmalar yapılmasına yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuĆtur.
Anahtar Kelimler: fizik öÄretmen adayları, yaratıcı dĂŒĆĂŒnme, problem çözme, rutin olmayan problem kurma, ĂŒst biliĆsel stratejiler
The effects of internal thoracic artery preparation with intact pleura on respiratory function and patients' early outcomes
Objective: Postoperative respiratory functions, arterial blood gases, blood loss and clinical outcome following coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) were assessed in a prospective randomized single-blind (patient- blind) clinical study comparing two different techniques of internal thoracic artery (ITA) harvesting
Increased Levels of Oxidative Stress Indices and Lack of Antioxidant Respond Because of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Associated with Occurrence of Atrial Fibrillation after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Increased Levels of Oxidative Stress Indices and Lack of Antioxidant Respond Because of Ä°schemia-Reperfusion Injury Associated with Occurrence of Atrial Fibrillation after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries
Background
Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks.
Methods
The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned.
Results
A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31).
Conclusion
Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)