Rationality as the Rule of Reason

The demands of rationality are linked both to our subjective normative perspective (given that rationality is a person-level concept) and to objective reasons or favoring relations (given that rationality is non-contingently authoritative for us). In this paper, I propose a new way of reconciling the tension between these two aspects: roughly, what rationality requires of us is having the attitudes that correspond to our take on reasons in the light of our evidence, but only if it is competent. I show how this view can account for structural rationality on the assumption that intentions and beliefs as such involve competent perceptions of downstream reasons, and explore various implications of the account

Catalyst-free growth of In(As)P nanowires on silicon

The catalyst-free metal organic vapor phase epitaxialgrowth of In(As)P nanowires on silicon substrates is investigated using in situ deposited In droplets as seeds for nanowiregrowth. The thin substrate native oxide is found to play a crucial role in the nanowire formation. The structure of the nanowires is characterized by photoluminescence and electron microscopy measurements. The crystal structure of the InPnanowires is wurtzite with its c axis perpendicular to the nanowire axis. Adding arsenic precursor to the gas phase during growth results in a bimodal photoluminescence spectrum exhibiting peak at the InAsP and InP band gap energies.Peer reviewe

Enhanced luminescence from catalyst-free grown InP nanowires

The surface effects in the optical properties of catalyst-free grownInPnanowires are investigated. Both as-grown nanowires and nanowires treated with hydrofluoric acid are studied using low- and room-temperature continuous-wave and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements and transmission electron microscopy. It is shown that the room-temperature photoluminescence intensity is increased by two orders of magnitude after the surface treatment, and that there is also a significant increase in the double-exponential photoluminescence decay time.Peer reviewe

Lasketaan kustannuksia

Kuntien talous tiukkenee, ihmisten arjen ongelmat kasvavat ja muuttavat muutoaan. Kuntien kiinnostus sosiaalitoimen kustannuksiin ja laskentamenetelmiin lisääntyy. Mikään ei sinällään ole halpaa tai kallista, molemmat käsitteet ovat suhteellisia. Kustannuksia pitää aina verrata siihen mitä ja minkälaista rahalla saa. Markkojen laskemiseen täytyy aina yhdistää tulosten määrän ja laadun selvittäminen. Kustannusvertailut auttavat löytämään taloudellisen menetelmän tuottaa hyvinvointia