7 research outputs found
Efficacy of Chlorine-based, Enzymatic and Combined Chlorine-enzyme Treatments on Biofilm Removal
Glyphosate resistance evolution in weeds is a growing problem in world agriculture. Here, we have investigated the
mechanism(s) of glyphosate resistance in a Lolium rigidum population (DAG1) from South Africa. Nucleotide sequencing revealed
the existence of at least three EPSPS homologues in the L. rigidum genome and identified a novel proline 106 to leucine substitution
(P106L) in 52% DAG1 individuals. This mutation conferred a 1.7-fold resistance increase to glyphosate at the whole plant level.
Additionally, a 3.1-fold resistance increase, not linked to metabolism or translocation, was estimated between wild-type P106-DAG1
and P106-STDS sensitive plants. Point accepted mutation analysis suggested that other amino acid substitutions at EPSPS position
106 are likely to be found in nature besides the P106/S/A/T/L point mutations reported to date. This study highlights the
importance of minor mechanisms acting additively to confer significant levels of resistance to commercial field rates of glyphosate in
weed populations subjected to high selection pressure
Base molecular para resistência a fluazifop-p-butyl em capim-camalote (rottboellia cochinchinensis) da Costa Rica
Rottboellia cochinchinensis is an annual grass weed species known as itchgrass, or
“caminadora” in America´s Spanish speaking countries, and has become a major and
troublesome weed in several crops. The application of fluazifop-P-butyl at recommended
rates (125 g a.i. ha-1) was observed to be failing to control itchgrass in a field in San José,
Upala county, Alajuela province, Costa Rica. Plants from the putative resistant R. cochinchinensis
population survived fluazifop-P-butyl when treated with 250 g a.i. ha-1 (2X label rate) at the
three- to four-leaf stage under greenhouse conditions. PCR amplification and sequencing of
partial carboxyl transferase domain (CT) of the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) gene were
used to determine the molecular mechanism of resistance. A single non-synonymous point
mutation from TGG (susceptible plants) to TGC (putative resistant plants) that leads to a
Trp-2027-Cys substitution was found. This Trp-2027-Cys mutation is known to confer
resistance to all aryloxyphenoxyproprionate (APP) herbicides to which fluazifop-P-butyl
belongs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of fluazifop-P-butyl resistance
and a mutation at position 2027 for a Costa Rican R. cochinchinensis population.Rottboellia cochinchinensis, espécie de planta daninha anual conhecida como capim-camalote,
ou “caminadora”, em países de língua espanhola das Américas, tornou-se uma planta daninha
significativa e problemática em diversas culturas. Observou-se que a aplicação de fluazifop-p-butyl
nas doses recomendadas (125 g i.a. ha-1) não conseguiu controlar capim-camalote em uma região em
San José, condado de Upala, província de Alajuela, Costa Rica. As plantas da população supostamente
resistente de R. cochinchinensis sobreviveram a fluazifop-p-butyl quando tratadas com 250 g i.a. ha-1
(2X a dose do rótulo) na fase de três a quatro folhas em condições de estufa. Amplificação e
sequenciamento de reação em cadeia da polimerase de domínio de transferase de ácido carboxílico
parcial (TC) do gene acetil-CoA carboxilase (ACCase) foram utilizados para determinar o mecanismo
molecular de resistência. Foi encontrada uma mutação de ponto não sinônimo individual de TGG
(plantas suscetíveis) para TGC (plantas supostamente resistentes) que conduz a uma substituição
de Trp-2027-Cys. Sabe-se que essa mutação de Trp-2027-Cys confere resistência a todos os
herbicidas ariloxifenoxipropionatos (AFP) a que fluazifop-p-butyl pertence. Pelo visto, este é o primeiro
relato de resistência a fluazifop-p-butyl de uma mutação na posição 2027 para uma população
costarriquenha de R. cochinchinensisWest Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida/[]//United States of AmericaUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Agroalimentarias::Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno (EEAFBM