Os efeitos da Lei da Ficha Limpa : judicialização das eleições e desqualificação do voto

Orientador: Profº Drº Emerson Urizzi CerviMonografia (especialização) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Humanas, Curso de Especialização em Sociologia Política.Inclui referências: p. 42-45Resumo: Este trabalho procura analisar aspectos jurídicos e políticos da aplicação da lei da Ficha Limpa, que introduziu diversos critérios de inelegibilidade para candidatos a cargos públicos a partir das eleições de 2012 no Brasil. A proposta é apresentar algumas consequências do regramento no sistema institucional brasileiro e avaliar, tanto quanto possível com dados, se a norma possui efeitos práticos no combate a corrupção – principal objetivo da lei. Duas perguntas movem o trabalho: a lei da Ficha Limpa possui capacidade de diminuir a corrupção no país? A aplicação do regramento tem sido benéfico para o sistema democrático brasileiro? As hipóteses levantadas são a de que a lei não contribuiu como se esperava na mudança do quadro de corrupção no país e, mais do que isso, trouxe consequências prejudiciais à consolidação e melhoria da democracia brasileira. Para tanto, são apresentados argumentos que questionam a constitucionalidade da norma e alguns de seus efeitos, como a judicialização da política e a instabilidade jurídica e democrática. Além disso, pode-se dizer que, com o regramento, a Justiça passou a ter papel decisório na política, desestimulando a participação eleitoral do cidadão, que perde seu senso de contribuição no processo de escolha de lideranças. Na análise empírica, o trabalho demonstra ainda que a lei produziu consequências inesperadas ao sistema brasileiro. Uma delas é o número de processos na Justiça Eleitoral, o que não representou em grande quantidade de cassações de candidaturas

The Concept of Neuro-ophthalmology in the Context of Ayurveda

The academic specialization of neuro-ophthalmology combines the sciences of neurology and ophthalmology and frequently deals with complicated systemic disorders that appear in the visual system. Initially completing a residency in either neurology or ophthalmology, neuro-ophthalmologists then pursue a fellowship in a related specialty. A thorough medical history and physical examination are required and neuro-ophthalmologists frequently spend a lot of time with their patients because diagnostic tests can be normal in individuals with substantial neuro-ophthalmic disease1. Common pathology referred to a neuro-ophthalmologist includes afferent visual system disorders (e.g. optic neuritis, optic neuropathy, papilledema, brain tumors or strokes) and efferent visual system disorders (e.g. anisocoria, diplopia, ophthalmoplegia, ptosis, nystagmus, and blepharospas, seizures of the eye or eye muscles, and hemifacial spasm). The North American Neuro-Ophthalmological Society (NANOS) 2, which hosts an annual congress and disseminates the Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology, is the biggest worldwide organization of neuro-ophthalmologists. Large university-based medical centers frequently employ neuro-ophthalmologists as faculty members. The neuro-ophthalmologist frequently serves as a liaison between the ophthalmology department and other departments at the medical Centre since patients frequently have co-existing disorders in other domains (rheumatology, endocrinology, cancer, cardiology, etc.)3. In Ayurveda concept of patala is very much required to understand the diseases of neuro ophthalmology. When vitiated dosha reaches at particular patala then particular symptom is seen. According to Susruta when vitiated doshas reaches in 1st, 2nd and 3rd patala it is known as Timir, vitiated doshas reaches in 3rd patala and ragata prapti occurs (pigmentation) it is known as Kacha. Vitiated doshas reaches in 4th patala it is known as Linganasha.According to Vagbhata, vitiated doshas reaches in 1st, 2nd patala it is known as Timir. vitiated doshas reaches in 2rd patala and ragata prapti occurs (pigmentation) it is known as Kacha vitiated doshas reaches in 4th patala it is known as Linganasha4. In this Review article we try to find out the co relation between different diseases in neuro ophthalmology and different Dristi gata roga

G × E interaction studies under natural farming and inorganic production system in maize (Zea mays L.)

A study was conducted to analyze the interaction of twelve maize genotypes with the environment for fourteen traits. The crop was grown during the kharif season of 2021 and 2022 in six different environments using two production systems, natural farming and the inorganic production system, in Palampur and Kangra using randomized block design with three replications. G × E interaction and stability analysis following AMMI model exhibited significant variation due to genotypes and environments for all the traits, indicating the presence of sufficient variability among the genotypes and environments. In contrast, G × E interaction was significant for all the traits except for number of kernel rows per cob and ear circumference (cm). Results showed that significant variation was present among the genotypes and environments. The environment had greater impact on most traits, except number of kernel rows per cob, ear circumference (cm), 100- grain weight (g), harvest index (%) and protein (%).The mean squares for the IPCA 1, IPCA 2 and IPCA 3 cumulatively contributed more than 80% of the total G × E interaction for all the traits. Overall,Girija was found to be the most stable genotype for the maximum number of traits, followed by L-315 and L-316.Girija was most stable for grain yield per plant followed by L-315, L-316 and L-318 under the inorganic production system. Bajaura Makka followed by L-315 and L-316 were stable genotypes under the natural farming production system with high grain yield per plant. Both L-315 and L-316 were found to be suitable for cultivation under both farming methods

Conflicts Targeting Epigenetic Systems and Their Resolution by Cell Death: Novel Concepts for Methyl-Specific and Other Restriction Systems

Epigenetic modification of genomic DNA by methylation is important for defining the epigenome and the transcriptome in eukaryotes as well as in prokaryotes. In prokaryotes, the DNA methyltransferase genes often vary, are mobile, and are paired with the gene for a restriction enzyme. Decrease in a certain epigenetic methylation may lead to chromosome cleavage by the partner restriction enzyme, leading to eventual cell death. Thus, the pairing of a DNA methyltransferase and a restriction enzyme forces an epigenetic state to be maintained within the genome. Although restriction enzymes were originally discovered for their ability to attack invading DNAs, it may be understood because such DNAs show deviation from this epigenetic status. DNAs with epigenetic methylation, by a methyltransferase linked or unlinked with a restriction enzyme, can also be the target of DNases, such as McrBC of Escherichia coli, which was discovered because of its methyl-specific restriction. McrBC responds to specific genome methylation systems by killing the host bacterial cell through chromosome cleavage. Evolutionary and genomic analysis of McrBC homologues revealed their mobility and wide distribution in prokaryotes similar to restriction–modification systems. These findings support the hypothesis that this family of methyl-specific DNases evolved as mobile elements competing with specific genome methylation systems through host killing. These restriction systems clearly demonstrate the presence of conflicts between epigenetic systems

Effects of body size on estimation of mammalian area requirements.

Accurately quantifying species' area requirements is a prerequisite for effective area-based conservation. This typically involves collecting tracking data on species of interest and then conducting home range analyses. Problematically, autocorrelation in tracking data can result in space needs being severely underestimated. Based on the previous work, we hypothesized the magnitude of underestimation varies with body mass, a relationship that could have serious conservation implications. To evaluate this hypothesis for terrestrial mammals, we estimated home-range areas with global positioning system (GPS) locations from 757 individuals across 61 globally distributed mammalian species with body masses ranging from 0.4 to 4000 kg. We then applied blockcross validation to quantify bias in empirical home range estimates. Area requirements of mammals 1, meaning the scaling of the relationship changedsubstantially at the upper end of the mass spectrum

Effects of body size on estimation of mammalian area requirements

Accurately quantifying species’ area requirements is a prerequisite for effective area‐based conservation. This typically involves collecting tracking data on species of interest and then conducting home‐range analyses. Problematically, autocorrelation in tracking data can result in space needs being severely underestimated. Based on previous work, we hypothesized the magnitude of underestimation varies with body mass, a relationship that could have serious conservation implications. To evaluate this hypothesis for terrestrial mammals, we estimated home‐range areas with GPS locations from 757 individuals across 61 globally distributed mammalian species with body masses ranging from 0.4 to 4,000 kg. We then applied block cross‐validation to quantify bias in empirical home‐range estimates. Area requirements of mammals 1, meaning the scaling of the relationship changed substantially at the upper end of the mass spectrum

Justiça manda soltar mais três presos da Operação Carne Fraca

Governo vai editar decreto para endurecer regras de fiscalizaçã