Indexes of migration policy restrictiveness: concept, methodology and application

Motivation: migration management has become important both in the political debate and academic research. In recent years the interest of researchers in migration policy has significantly increased. As a result, there have been many quantitative studies related to the migration policy.Aim: the aim of this paper is to conduct a comparative analysis of the migration policy indexes (including databases on migration policies), as well as to broaden the understanding of the scope and essence of migration policies.Results: The indexes of migration (including immigration) restrictiveness are based on various concept of this policy. However, all the indexes of migration (including immigration) restrictiveness are based on de jure migration laws and regulations measures adopted by states (on the national level). The most of indexes of migration (including immigration) policy restrictiveness are based on a set of coded questions relating to these policies. An important factor differencing the migration policy indexes is also the fact that in some analyses relative changes of migration policy were evaluated, but in other studies absolute changes were considered. Concerning to the indexes of immigration restrictiveness, most of them are based on entry and stay regulations. The possible application of indexes in other studies is especially related to the time and geographical scope of these indexes, as well as to their level of detail. Most of the data on migration policies is available mainly for the developed countries, the majority of which belongs to the OECD or the European Union. Some of them allow for the long-term analysis and other for short-term study. For most countries the data is available since the 1980s. Additionally, some of indexes on immigration policy restrictiveness are characterised by relative higher level of detail of the analysis and results are classified for various groups of migrants and type of migration

Early development of the neocortex in human foetuses aged 9 weeks

A study was made of human embryos at the end of 8 weeks and foetuses aged 9 weeks. It was shown that at the beginning of the foetal period the cortical plate, which is the primordium of the neocortex, covers the whole surface of the cerebral hemisphere. The plate consists of 8–12 rows of densely packed cells. Below the cortical plate is the subplate

Differentiation of the cortical plate in early human foetuses

The aim of the study is to describe the differentiation of the cortical plate in human foetuses aged 9-11 weeks. Histological sections showed that in this early period of development the cortical plate is differentiated into two zones. The external zone is composed of vertical columns of cells, which are perpendicular to the cortical surface. The internal zone is wider and consists of irregularly arranged clusters of cells

Assessment of the influence of hypotherapy on psychosocial development of children until 18 years old

Introduction. Hippotherapy is one of the most popular forms of zootherapy. The ability to provide a disabled person with a close contact with a horse has a strong impact on the emotional, cognitive, social and physical spheres. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of hippotherapy on psychosocial development of children up to the age of 18. Material and methods. The studied group consisted of children and adolescents aged 4-18. The study involved 100 people, and the studied group was divided into two groups: intellectually disabled (n=59) and physically disabled (n=41). Additionally, in order to study the effect of the length of therapy attendance in relation to the achieved effects, the studied group was divided into 3 subgroups depending on the duration of therapy attendance (T1-0-2 years, T2-3-4 years, T3-5-10 years). The research tool was an original questionnaire addressed to parents and carers of disabled children. Results. During the study a significant improvement in the motor sphere was achieved, it was mainly an improvement of balance, posture and muscular strength. In the psychic sphere, aspects such as communication skills, speech development, motivation and family life improved. Conclusion: Hippotherapy has a positive effect on the psychosocial development of children, taking into account both the motoric and mental spheres

Narrare humanum est. Włoski teatr narracji ostatniego trzydziestolecia

In the 1980’s young artists of Italian theatre begin to work on restoring the communicationbetween the stage and the audience and giving the theatre a new meaning, as its decline becomesa point of discussion. In time, their attention goes to story telling, and it is artists themselveswho become story tellers.We believe that it is not by accident that the revival of narration theatre starts exactly atthat time. A post-modernist man, who perceives his own identity as disorganized set of fragments,needs a tool that would allow him to put himself together. That tool, as A. Giddens,S. Hall or P. Ricoeur state, is narration (Ricoeur talks about “narrative identity”). Narrationtheatre meets this human need by means of travel and laboratory method which teaches selfexpressionin relation with another person. (The term “teatro di narrazone” is translated into“narration theatre”, rather than “storyteller’s theatre”, to emphasize the relation of narrationtheatre with the theory of narrative identity.)Apart from this individual dimension, narration theatre has also a group dimension. Newnarrators – Teatro Laboratorio Settimo or M. Paolini – on one hand become living archives ofthe history of societies in which they work, and cultures in which they grew up; but on theother hand by active involvement of the audience in the artistic process they contribute to thecreation of new communities, based on the consciousness of the same past and connecting allof its members

Education as an element of integration policy – comparative analysis

The aim of the article is to present and evaluate the main activities that support the education of immigrant children in Poland and in selected European countries as well as to compare the models of integration in the field of the education of immigrant children in respective countries.The article uses the following methods: critical analysis of the literature and deductive reasoning techniques. The paper consists of three parts. The first part presents the role of education in integration policy and the objectives of the main models of integration in the area of the education of immigrant children. The second part presents legal regulations and key data relevant to immigrant children in Polish schools. The third part of the article presents integration models in European countries and compares the models of integration in Poland and in other European countries. The research hypothesis is the following: education of immigrant children as an important aspect of the policy of integration is characterised by diversified activities in respective European countries.The aim of the article is to present and evaluate the main activities that support the education of immigrant children in Poland and in selected European countries as well as to compare the models of integration in the field of the education of immigrant children in respective countries. The article uses the following methods: critical analysis of the literature and deductive reasoning techniques. The paper consists of three parts. The first part presents the role of education in integration policy and the objectives of the main models of integration in the area of the education of immigrant children. The second part presents legal regulations and key data relevant to immigrant children in Polish schools. The third part of the article presents integration models in European countries and compares the models of integration in Poland and in other European countries. The research hypothesis is the following: education of immigrant children as an important aspect of the policy of integration is characterised by diversified activities in respective European countries

Ku teatrowi agonistycznemu. Pippa Delbona Waleczność rycerska w Teatrze San Carlo

The author aims to outline the dramatic work of the Italian director Pippo Delbon as establishing a theater of agon. From the state of research, she analyzes the staging of Pietro Mascagni’s Cavalleria rusticana and formulates the theory of Delbonos’s theater of agon based on M. de Certeau’s and W. Świątkowska’s papers and the theories of dramaturgy of Anna Krajewska and Dariusz Kosiński.The author aims to outline the dramatic work of the Italian director Pippo Delbon as establishing a theater of agon. From the state of research, she analyzes the staging of Pietro Mascagni’s Cavalleria rusticana and formulates the theory of Delbonos’s theater of agon based on M. de Certeau’s and W. Świątkowska’s papers and the theories of dramaturgy of Anna Krajewska and Dariusz Kosiński

Teatr Ludowy PRL jako przedmiot badań komparatystycznych zarys problematyki

La definizione del “teatro popolare” rappresenta una sfida per gli studi comparati italo‑polacchi di teatro. Infatti, analizzando la situazione istituzionale del teatro polacco e quello italiano degli anni Sessanta e Settanta, la prima sfida è quella di tradurre il termine “ludowy” in italiano: si tratta di un teatro “per il popolo” nello stesso significato del “popolo” che ne dava la Repubblica Popolare Polacca? In altre parole, cercando la risposta a questa domanda, dobbiamo chiederci, come “sperimentavano” la popolarità / “ludowość” gli ambienti teatrali e istituzionali italiani e polacchi del secondo dopoguerra.Komparatystyczne, polsko‑włoskie podejście do teatru ludowego PRL wymaga od badacza przede wszystkim zdefiniowania charakteru zbiorowości, jaką jego twórcy określali mianem „ludu” nie tyle ze względu na wieloznaczność samego pojęcia „ludu”, co na dodatkową trudność wynikającą z faktu, że określenie teatro popolare skłania, w sposób bardziej bezpośredni niż w języku polskim, do szukania powinowactw z projektem Jeana Vilara. Dookreślenie, w odniesieniu do Konstytucji PRL, terminu „lud pracujący” i przeciwstawienie go narodowi, otwiera przed badaczem szersze ramy interpretacyjne dynamiki, w jakiej kształtował się projekt kulturalny teatru ludowego PRL, a w szczególności Teatru Ludowego Krystyny Skuszanki-Krasowskiej, Jerzego Krasowskiego i Józefa Szajny