Towards energy-autonomous wake-up receiver using visible light communication

The use of Visible Light Communication (VLC) in wake-up communication systems is a potential energy-efficient and low-cost solution for wireless communication of consumer electronics. In this paper, we go one step further and propose the use of visible light both for wake-up communication and energy harvesting purposes, with the final objective of an energy-autonomous wake-up receiver module. We first present the details and the design criteria of this novel system. We then present the results of evaluation of design criteria such as solar panel and capacitor type choices. To evaluate the performance of the developed wake-up system with energy-autonomous receiver system, we perform realistic indoor scenario tests, analyzing the effect of varying distances, angles, and light intensities as well as the effect of presence of interfering lights.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Air-Stable Benzimidazoline n-Type Dopants for Conductive Host Materials with Low Electron Affinities

Nowadays a growing interest is devoted to molecular reductants for solution-processable organic semiconductors such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic photovoltaics (OPVs), thermoelectric generators (TEGs), organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), and circuitry in which they can increase the conductivity, reduce bulk ohmic losses and/or decrease carrier-injection barriers.[1] They can also modulate the work function (WF) of inorganic electrode materials and push the performance of inverted perovskite solar cell by boosting the conductivity of PCBM type ETMs. However, the availability of high-performance and airstable solution-processable n-doped materials remains limited, primarily due to the low electron affinity of n-type materials that strongly restricts the n-doping level. Benzimidazoline-based reductants (Figure1) have recently emerged as efficient and air-stable n-type dopants in electron transporting materials (ETMs) to increase electrical conductivities.[2] Hence we designed and synthesized a series of Benzimidazoline based compounds as air-stable n-dopants and their doping abilities have been surveyed by analysing the electron conductivity trend of organic semiconductors. Moreover an in-depth study of their electrochemical characteristics have been carried out and their molecular orbital energy levels investigated. The most efficient n-doping molecules are intended to largescale, printed electronics for energy-harvesting and storage applications

Keselamatan bagi Tunas Liar?: Tafsiran Terhadap Alegori Keselamatan dalam Roma 11:17-24

The concept of salvation that is unraveled in the New Testament is an interesting thing to analyze. Christians often use the concept of salvation to see a different world with their own identity. One of them is Romans 11:17-24, which speaks of salvation for both Gentiles and Jews. In this article, the text is analyzed descriptively, qualitatively. The findings of this study are: First, Israel’s refusal has resulted in the opening of salvation for people outside Israel. Second, the person who has been chosen to be saved must take responsibility for the choice, which is based on compassion and grace alone. Third, the form of safety response is an attitude of faith and obedience.AbstrakKonsep keselamatan yang terurai dalam Perjanjian Baru merupakan hal yang menarik untuk dianalisis. Kekristenan sering menggunakan konsep keselamatan untuk melihat dunia yang berbeda dengan identitas mereka sendiri. Salah satunya adalah teks Roma 11:17-24 yang berbicara tentang keselamatan bagi orang bukan Yahudi dan orang Yahudi. Dalam artikel ini, teks tersebut dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan mempertimbangkan interpretasi gambaran visual dalam teks. Setelah dianalisis, maka ada beberapa hal yang ditemukan; Pertama, penolakan Israel mengakibatkan terbukanya keselamatan bagi orang di luar Israel. Kedua, orang yang telah dipilih untuk menjadi selamat harus bertanggung jawab atas pilihan, yang didasarkan pada belas kasih dan anugerah semata. Ketiga, bentuk respons keselamatan adalah sikap percaya dan taat

A Parameteric Estimation Approach to for Effective Cluster Selection in WPAN

WPAN is the most advanced communication network that combines the capabilities of Mobile network and sensor network in a complex global area scenario. This network defines various integrated processes under communication scenario specification. Cluster Selection process is the most common requirement of any WPAN scenario because of the mobility feature for vehicle nodes. In this work, an effective soft-Cluster Selection mechanism is defined under positional and communication parameter analysis. The work is defined for global highway scenario. The obtained results from system shows the effective comm-unication rate and lesser communication loss

Load balancing the GRID ad-hoc routing protocol

Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 47-48).Grid is a mobile ad hoc routing system with significantly better scaling properties than previously designed protocols in networks with a uniform distribution of nodes. It achieves scalability by building a distributed location database in which memory requirements are apportioned fairly to all nodes in the network. In networks of spatially non-uniform node distribution, however, a small fraction of the nodes need to store a disproportionate amount of location information, posing a significant problem for nodes with limited memory such as small handheld devices. We propose a new location service to improve the scalability of Grid while preserving its fundamental design. Our new service, GLS2, ensures protocol correctness despite limited memory constraints. To preserve high success rate and improve query path efficiency, GLS2 applies a new location query algorithm which allows nodes to drop location information if necessary. Simulated tests demonstrate that GLS2's efficiency and correctness are preserved in situations of limited memory as well as those of extremely uneven node distributions while still achieving proper load-balancing.by Rebecca S. Bloom.M.Eng

In fear of androgyny: theological reflections on masculinity and sexism, male homosexuality and homophobia, Romans 1:24–27 and hermeneutics (a response to Alexander Venter)

Exposes the inadequate treatment by Venter of the entire masculinity issue. His condemnation of gays is central to his support for patriarchy. Examines important theoretical issues concerning human sexuality: underlying the Venter article is the fear of androgyny (gender confusion). Shows the problematic consequences of this and offers alternative views. Naive essentialism does not distinguish clearly between sex and gender. Biological determinism grounds gender in physiological sex. Careful exegetical study of Romans 1 shows Venter's failure to take the historical context of biblical texts seriously and highlights his damaging lack of sympathy for countless lives ruined by homophobia. We must take exegetical and hermeneutical problems seriously. Human sexuality is not a trivial matter for the church in post-apartheid South Africa

Die Wiener Schule und Preßburg/Bratislava: Reflexionen, Aufführungen, Nachwirkung

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Rezeption der Komponisten Arnold Schönberg, Alban Berg und Anton Webern als Hauptrepräsentanten der Wiener Schule in Preßburg/Bratislava im 20. Jahrhundert bis zum Jahr 2007. Er ist in drei Themenbereiche – Reflexionen, Aufführungen, Nachwirkung – gegliedert, die allerdings eng miteinander zusammenhängen, was bedeutet, daß die Grenzen zwischen ihnen fließend sind. Im ersten Themenbereich sind vornehmlich die musikgeschichtlichen, ästhetischen und theoretischen Ansichten über die erwähnten Komponisten, ihr Schaffen und ihre Bedeutung skizziert, wie sie in den zeitgenössischen slowakischen Periodika sowie in der Literatur publiziert wurden. Im zweiten Themenbereich stehen die Aufführungen der einzelnen Werke und deren Nachhall in der Musikkritik im Vordergrund. Im dritten Themenbereich werden die Nachwirkung der Wiener Schule und die Anregungen der Zwölftontechnik bzw. der seriellen Kompositionsart auf das Musikschaffen der slowakischen Komponisten kurz geschildert