Amts Schwarzenberg Mühlenverzeichnis von 1724

Des 'Amts Schwarzenberg Mühlenverzeichnis von 1724' bietet einen tabellarischen Überblick über die im Kreisamt Schwarzenberg mit Crottendorf bestehenden Getreidemühlen, deren Besitzer und betriebene Mahlgänge. Insgesamt listet das Verzeichnis 104 Mahlmühlen, denen in Summe 154 Mahlgänge konzediert waren

What do Twitter comments tell about news article bias? Assessing the impact of news article bias on its perception on Twitter

News stories circulating online, especially on social media platforms, are nowadays a primary source of information. Given the nature of social media, news no longer are just news, but they are embedded in the conversations of users interacting with them. This is particularly relevant for inaccurate information or even outright misinformation because user interaction has a crucial impact on whether information is uncritically disseminated or not. Biased coverage has been shown to affect personal decision-making. Still, it remains an open question whether users are aware of the biased reporting they encounter and how they react to it. The latter is particularly relevant given that user reactions help contextualize reporting for other users and can thus help mitigate but may also exacerbate the impact of biased media coverage. This paper approaches the question from a measurement point of view, examining whether reactions to news articles on Twitter can serve as bias indicators, i.e., whether how users comment on a given article relates to its actual level of bias. We first give an overview of research on media bias before discussing key concepts related to how individuals engage with online content, focusing on the sentiment (or valance) of comments and on outright hate speech. We then present the first dataset connecting reliable human-made media bias classifications of news articles with the reactions these articles received on Twitter. We call our dataset BAT - Bias And Twitter. BAT covers 2,800 (bias-rated) news articles from 255 English-speaking news outlets. Additionally, BAT includes 175,807 comments and retweets referring to the articles. Based on BAT, we conduct a multi-feature analysis to identify comment characteristics and analyze whether Twitter reactions correlate with an article’s bias. First, we fine-tune and apply two XLNet-based classifiers for hate speech detection and sentiment analysis. Second, we relate the results of the classifiers to the article bias annotations within a multi-level regression. The results show that Twitter reactions to an article indicate its bias, and vice-versa. With a regression coefficient of 0.703 ( ), we specifically present evidence that Twitter reactions to biased articles are significantly more hateful. Our analysis shows that the news outlet’s individual stance reinforces the hate-bias relationship. In future work, we will extend the dataset and analysis, including additional concepts related to media bias

Urbane Grünflächenausstattung und deren Erreichbarkeit – Indikatordesign und empirischer Städtevergleich

Das Bestreben, multifunktionale Grünflächen zu erhalten und zu fördern, bedarf entsprechender Kennwerte und Indikatoren zur quantitativen und qualitativen Beschreibung der Zielerreichung. Im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojekts wurden Indikatoren zur Bewertung der Ökosystemleistung „Erholung in der Stadt“ erarbeitet und für 182 deutsche Städte umgesetzt. Die bundesweite Auswertung der Untersuchungsergebnisse ergibt für deutsche Städte mit mehr als 50 000 Einwohnern ein heterogenes Bild in der Grünflächenausstattung und -erreichbarkeit. Eine detailliertere Ergebnisinterpretation wird hierbei durch einen empirischen Städtevergleich auf Basis eines Rankings und einer Typisierung ermöglicht. Auf Grundlage der Typisierung können Städte mit einer im bundesweiten Vergleich überdurchschnittlich guten Grünflächenausstattung und Grünflächenerreichbarkeit identifiziert werden

Messansatz zur Grünflächenversorgung von Einwohnern auf Stadt- und Stadtteilebene

Im Beitrag wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie eine nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung, die die Funktionalität von grauer und grüner Infrastruktur berücksichtigt, im Kontext von Grünflächen- und Freiraumplanung durch Kenngrößen unterstützt werden kann. Anhand einer Kombination von sechs Indikatoren, die einerseits den Zugang von Einwohnern zu Grünflächen und andererseits die Siedlungscharakteristik sowie die anthropogene Überprägung der urbanen Landschaft beschreiben, wird die spezifische Grünflächenversorgung analysiert. Die Indikatoren wurden berechnet und für eine Klassifikation der Untersuchungsgebiete in einer „9-Zellenmatrix“ zusammengeführt. Die Umsetzung erfolgte auf zwei Skalen, für alle deutschen Städte mit mindestens 50 000 Einwohnern sowie beispielhaft für Stadtteile von acht Großstädten. Die berechneten Indikatorwerte zur Abbildung von grüner Infrastruktur nehmen mit steigender Einwohnerzahl ab, während es sich bei den Indikatoren der grauen Infrastruktur umgekehrt verhält. Einige nordrhein-westfälische Großstädte fallen durch ein ausgeglichenes Niveau grüner und grauer Infrastruktur auf

LUVMI: an innovative payload for the sampling of volatiles at the Lunar poles

The ISECG identifies one of the first exploration steps as in situ investigations of the moon or asteroids. Europe is developing payload concepts for drilling and sample analysis, a contribution to a 250kg rover as well as for sample return. To achieve these missions, ESA depends on international partnerships. Such missions will be seldom, expensive and the drill/sample site selected will be based on observations from orbit not calibrated with ground truth data. Many of the international science community’s objectives can be met at lower cost, or the chances of mission success improved and the quality of the science increased by making use of an innovative, low mass, mobile robotic payload following the LEAG recommendations. LUVMI provides a smart, low mass, innovative, modular mobile payload comprising surface and subsurface sensing with an in-situ sampling technology capable of depth-resolved extraction of volatiles, combined with a volatile analyser (mass spectrometer) capable of identifying the chemical composition of the most important volatiles. This will allow LUVMI to: traverse the lunar surface prospecting for volatiles; sample subsurface up to a depth of 10 cm (with a goal of 20 cm); extract water and other loosely bound volatiles; identify the chemical species extracted; access and sample permanently shadowed regions (PSR). The main innovation of LUVMI is to develop an in situ sampling technology capable of depth-resolved extraction of volatiles, and then to package within this tool, the analyser itself, so as to maximise transfer efficiency and minimise sample handling and its attendant mass requirements and risk of sample alteration. By building on national, EC and ESA funded research and developments, this project will develop to TRL6 instruments that together form a smart modular mobile payload that could be flight ready in 2020. The LUVMI sampling instrument will be tested in a highly representative environment including thermal, vacuum and regolith simulant and the integrated payload demonstrated in a representative environment

Multi-Parameter Analysis of Biobanked Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Shows Little Influence for Donor Age and Mild Comorbidities on Phenotypic and Functional Properties

Heterogeneous populations of human bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSC) are among the most frequently tested cellular therapeutics for treating degenerative and immune disorders, which occur predominantly in the aging population. Currently, it is unclear whether advanced donor age and commonly associated comorbidities affect the properties of ex vivo-expanded BMSCs. Thus, we stratified cells from adult and elderly donors from our biobank (n = 10 and n = 13, mean age 38 and 72 years, respectively) and compared their phenotypic and functional performance, using multiple assays typically employed as minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). We found that BMSCs from both cohorts meet the standard criteria for MSC, exhibiting similar morphology, growth kinetics, gene expression profiles, and pro-angiogenic and immunosuppressive potential and the capacity to differentiate toward adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineages. We found no substantial differences between cells from the adult and elderly cohorts. As positive controls, we studied the impact of in vitro aging and inflammatory cytokine stimulation. Both conditions clearly affected the cellular properties, independent of donor age. We conclude that in vitro aging rather than in vivo donor aging influences BMSC characteristics