80 research outputs found

    OvervÄkning av vekstsesongen med automatiske kamera i Adventdalen, Svalbard

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    Dette notatet omhandler etablering av kameraovervÄkning av vekstsesongen i Adventdalen.publishedVersio

    Changes in Onset of Vegetation Growth on Svalbard, 2000–2020

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    The global temperature is increasing, and this is affecting the vegetation phenology in many parts of the world. The most prominent changes occur at northern latitudes such as our study area, which is Svalbard, located between 76°30â€ČN and 80°50â€ČN. A cloud-free time series of MODIS-NDVI data was processed. The dataset was interpolated to daily data during the 2000–2020 period with a 231.65 m pixel resolution. The onset of vegetation growth was mapped with a NDVI threshold method which corresponds well with a recent Sentinel-2 NDVI-based mapping of the onset of vegetation growth, which was in turn validated by a network of in-situ phenological data from time lapse cameras. The results show that the years 2000 and 2008 were extreme in terms of the late onset of vegetation growth. The year 2020 had the earliest onset of vegetation growth on Svalbard during the 21-year study. Each year since 2013 had an earlier or equally early timing in terms of the onset of the growth season compared with the 2000–2020 average. A linear trend of 0.57 days per year resulted in an earlier onset of growth of 12 days on average for the entire archipelago of Svalbard in 2020 compared to 2000.This work (S.R.K.) was supported by the Research Council of Norway under the project Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System—Infrastructure Development of the Norwegian Node (SIOS-InfraNor Project No. 269927). This SIOS project (InfraNord instrument #51) is funded by the Norwegian Space Agency (NoSA). The research was also partially funded (S.R.K., H.T.) by the Horizon 2020 project ArcticHubs, grant agreement no 869580. This work (S.B.) was also partially supported by Generalitat Valenciana (SEJIGENT/2021/001), the European Union–Next Generation EU (ZAMBRANO 21-04), and European Research Council (ERC) under the ERC-2017-STG SENTIFLEX project (grant agreement 755617)

    Satellittbasert overvÄkning av vekstsesongen pÄ Svalbard, - status 2012

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    Denne rapporten omhandler satellittbasert overvÄkning av vekstsesongen (fenologi) pÄ Svalbard. MODIS-NDVI satellittdata er brukt til Ä kartlegge, start, slutt og lengden pÄ vekstsesongen for Ärene 2000 til 2012. Kombinert optisk (MODIS) og mikrobÞlge (ASAR) satellittdata er brukt til Ä kartlegge siste og fÞrste dag med snÞ for Ären 2005 til 2012.publishedVersio

    Kartlegging og overvÄking av reinbeiter

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    Denne rapporten beskriver arbeidet med satellittbasert kartlegging av vinterbeite i indre Finnmark. Prosjektet utgjĂžr en ny oppdatering av reinbeitene pĂ„ Finnmarksvidda og inngĂ„r i ”OvervĂ„kingsprogrammet for Indre Finnmark”. Dette programmet ble initiert i 1998, med oppdateringer i 2005/2006, 2009/2010, 2013 og 2018. OvervĂ„kingsprogrammet ble opprinnelig inndelt i to deloppdrag – et for registrering av bakkedata og et for kartlegging og arealberegning basert pĂ„ satellitt data.Kartlegging og overvĂ„king av reinbeiterpublishedVersio

    Using Ordinary Digital Cameras in Place of Near-Infrared Sensors to Derive Vegetation Indices for Phenology Studies of High Arctic Vegetation

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    We thank Mark Gillespie, Nanna Baggesen, and Anne Marit Vik for field assistance. The University in Svalbard (UNIS) provided logistical support. This work was funded by the Norwegian Research Council through the ‘SnoEco’ project (project No. 230970) and Arctic Field Grant (No. 246110/E10). It was supported by the ESA Prodex project ‘Sentinel-2 for High North Vegetation Phenology’ (contract No. 4000110654), the EC FP7 collaborative project ‘Sentinels Synergy Framework’ (SenSyF), funding from The Fram Centre Terrestrial Flagship, also from the EEA Norway Grants (WICLAP project, ID 198571), and from the GRENE Arctic Climate Change Research Project, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

    GLORIA Norge 2022: OvervÄkning av vegetasjon og vekstsesong

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    GLORIA-Norge sitt hovedmÄl er Ä overvÄke endringer i vegetasjon, fenologi og fysiske faktorer i relasjon til vÊr- og klimaendringer langs hÞyde-, snÞvarighet- og kyst-/innland-gradienter i fjellomrÄder i SÞr- og Nord-Norge. GLORIA-Norge ble opprettet i 2007, og hadde sitt utspring i det EU-finansierte prosjektet GLORIA (Global Research Initiative in Alpine Environments) Europe (2001-2003). GLORIA har utviklet seg til Ä bli et verdensomspennende nettverk som overvÄker endringer i vegetasjon pÄ fjelltopper. I GLORIA-Norge overvÄkes seks fjellomrÄder lokalisert langs kyst-innlands og nord-sÞr gradient, og innen hvert fjellomrÄdene overvÄkes gradienter fra skog til topp, fra lang til kort snÞvarighet og i flere himmelretninger. I tillegg overvÄkes vekstsesongen (fenologi) og isbreer, og det mÄles jordtemperatur og enkelte steder jordfuktighet.GLORIA Norge 2022: OvervÄkning av vegetasjon og vekstsesongpublishedVersio

    Finnmarksvidda – kartlegging og overvĂ„king av reinbeiter – status 2013

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    Reindriftsforvaltningen i Alta startet i 1998 opp et program for overvĂ„king av vĂ„r-/hĂžst- og vinterbeitene i Indre Finnmark. Hensikten med dette programmet var Ă„ framskaffe dokumentasjon i om endringer beiteforholdene for reinsdyr i omrĂ„det. Dokumentasjonen i prosjektet er gitt gjennom feltregistreringer og ved studier av satellittbilder. Ved oppstart av programmet ble det lagt ut i alt 66 studiefelt med 324 registreringsruter. Det har tidligere vĂŠrt gjort to ”omdrev” med hensyn pĂ„ innsamling av data i programmet – et i 2005/2006 et i 2009/2010. NINA har hatt ansvaret for innsamling av bakkedata, mens Norut IT har ansvaret for satellittdata-delen av programmet. Denne rapporten presenterer tredje ”omdrev” i programmet. Rapporten oppsummerer status for vegetasjons- og beiteforhold for vinterbeitene i Indre Finnmark basert pĂ„ data fra 2013. Det er gjort en bearbeiding av tre Landsat 8 OLI scener fra 2013. Bearbeidingen av tilgjengelige satellittscener er gjort etter samme metodikk som i fĂžrste ”omdrev” av programmet. Feltdata ble innsamlet sommeren 2013. Resultatet er oppsummert i form av arealtabeller og som vegetasjonskart. Videre er arealtall fra 2013, sammenlignet med tilsvarende data fra 1996, 2000, 2006 og 2009. Lav er en viktig del av vinterfĂžden for reinsdyr. Lavrik vegtasjon i vinterbeiteomrĂ„det i Indre Finnmark utgjĂžr i dag et areal pĂ„ 344,0 kvadratkilometer noe som utgjĂžr 4,0 % av totalarealet. I 1987 utgjorde lavdekket 19,0 % av total arealet. I 1996 var dette tallet redusert til 8,4 prosent og videre til 5,6 % i Ă„r 2000. I 2006 ble det registrert en Ăžkning til 6,7 % med en ny nedgang i 2009 til 6,1 %. Dagens arealtall for lavdekke er det laveste som mĂ„lt for Indre Finnmark siden «OvervĂ„kingsprogrammet for Indre Finnmark» startet opp.publishedVersio

    A new NDVI measure that overcomes data sparsity in cloud-covered regions predicts annual variation in ground-based estimates of high-arctic plant productivity

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    Processing of the MODIS dataset for monitoring the onset of the growing season was, in part, funded by the Environmental Monitoring of Svalbard and Jan Mayen (MOSJ). We are grateful to senior advisor John Richard Hansen, our contact person at the Norwegian Polar Institute in MOSJ, for his support, and to the members of the Arctic Biomass project (Research Council of Norway [RCN], grant 227064/E10) for valuable discussion about the NDVI – biomass relationships. Additional funding was provided by the RCN through the projects ‘Predicting effects of climate change on Svalbard reindeer population dynamics: a mechanistic approach’ (grant 216051) and ‘SnoEco’ (grant 230970), the ESA PRODEX project ‘Sentinel-2 for High North Vegetation Phenology’ (grant 4000110654), and the Svalbard Environmental Protection Funded project ’Effects of climate change on plant productivity’ (grant 15/28).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

    BVLOS UAV missions for vegetation mapping in maritime Antarctic

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    Polar areas are among the regions where climate change occurs faster than on most of the other areas on Earth. To study the effects of climate change on vegetation, there is a need for knowledge on its current status and properties. Both classic field observation methods and remote sensing methods based on manned aircraft or satellite image analysis have limitations. These include high logistic operation costs, limited research areas, high safety risks, direct human impact, and insufficient resolution of satellite images. Fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle beyond the visual line of sight (UAV BVLOS) missions can bridge the scale gap between field-based observations and full-scale airborne or satellite surveys. In this study the two operations of the UAV BVLOS, at an altitude of 350m ASL, have been successfully performed in Antarctic conditions. Maps of the vegetation of the western shore of Admiralty Bay (King George Island, South Shetlands, Western Antarctic) that included the Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 128 (ASPA 128) were designed. The vegetation in the 7.5 km2 area was mapped in ultra-high-resolution(<5cm and DEM of 0.25m GSD), and from the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), four broad vegetation units were extracted: “dense moss carpets” (covering 0.14 km2 ,0.8%ofASPA128), “Sanionia uncinata moss bed” (0.31 km2 , 1.7% of ASPA 128), “Deschampsia antarctica grass meadow” (0.24 km2,1.3% of ASPA 128), and “Deschampsia antarctica–Usnea antarctica heath” (1.66 km2,9.4% of ASPA 128). Our results demonstrate that the presented UAV BVLOS–based surveys are time-effective (single flight lasting 2.5 h on a distance of 300 km) and cost-effective when compared to classical field-based observations and are less invasive for the ecosystem. Moreover, unmanned airborne vehicles significantly improve security, which is of particular interest in polar region research. Therefore, their development is highly recommended for monitoring areas in remote and fragile environments. KEYWORD
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