311 research outputs found

    D3.3 Business models report

    Get PDF
    RECIPROCITY aims to transform European cities into climate-resilient and connected, multimodal nodes for smart and clean mobility. The project's innovative four-stage replication approach is designed to showcase and disseminate best practices for sustainable urban development and mobility. As part of this project, the present business model report (D3.3) provides an overview of innovative urban mobility business models that could be tailored to cities in the RECIPROCITY replication ecosystem. The work developed was based upon the work carried-out in WP1-2-4, and aimed to collect and derive the business model patterns for urban mobility and propose a business model portfolio that encourage cross-sector collaboration and create an integrated mobility system. This report is therefore addressed to cities and local authorities that have to meet mobility challenges (i.e. high costs and low margin, broad set of partners, competing with private car) by providing new services to activate and accelerate a sustainable modal shift. It also targets other stakeholders interested in business model concepts applied to cities

    PĂȘcheries fixes du Cotentin : un patrimoine immatĂ©riel entre une houle de proscriptions et un rĂ©cent courant patrimonial

    Get PDF
    Une pĂȘcherie est un piĂšge Ă  poissons fixĂ© sur le littoral en forme de V dont la pointe est orientĂ©e vers le large. Les dimensions sont monumentales puisque chaque cĂŽtĂ© peut atteindre 350 mĂštres et la hauteur Ă  la pointe peut dĂ©passer deux mĂštres. Les poissons sont piĂ©gĂ©s lors de chaque marĂ©e descendante aprĂšs que la hauteur d’eau de la marĂ©e haute prĂ©cĂ©dente a permis Ă  la mer de recouvrir le piĂšge. Deux types de pĂȘcheries coexistent sur les cĂŽtes de la Manche : les pĂȘcheries en bois, toutes ..

    Early cardiovascular events in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus

    Get PDF
    International audienceBackground: The effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is not assessed within the first 10 years postpartum, regardless of subsequent diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of CVD events related to GDM within 7 years of postpartum.Methods: This nationwide population-based study of deliveries in 2007 and 2008 with a follow-up of 7 years was based on data from the French medico-administrative database. Two groups were formed: women with a history of GDM and women without GDM or previous diabetes. CVD included angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart bypass surgery, coronary angioplasty, carotid endarterectomy and fibrinolysis. Hypertensive disease was assessed separately. Determinants studied included age, obesity, subsequent diabetes mellitus and hypertensive diseases during pregnancy. Adjusted odds ratios for outcomes were calculated using multiple logistic regressions.Results: The hospital database recorded 1,518,990 deliveries in 2007 and 2008. Among these, 62,958 women had a history of GDM. After adjusting for age, DM, obesity and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, GDM was significantly associated with a higher risk of CVD (adjusted Odds Ratio aOR = 1.25 [1.09-1.43]). Considering each variable in a separate model, GDM was associated with angina pectoris (aOR = 1.68 [1.29-2.20]), myocardial infarction (aOR = 1.92 [1.36-2.71]) and hypertension (aOR = 2.72 [2.58-2.88]) but not with stroke.Conclusions: A history of GDM was identified as a risk factor of CVD, especially coronary vascular diseases, within the 7 years postpartum. A lifestyle changes from postpartum onwards can be recommended and supported

    Stabilisation progressive

    Get PDF
    International audienceCet article est un rĂ©sumĂ© Ă©tendu de (Altisen et al., Euro-Par 2016) dans lequel nous nous intĂ©ressons Ă  des rĂ©seaux pouvant subir des changements topologiques transitoires. Nous proposons une nouvelle spĂ©cialisation de l'autostabilisation adaptĂ©e Ă  ce type de rĂ©seau : la stabilisation progressive. Un algorithme est progressivement stabilisant sous hypothĂšse de (τ, ρ)-dynamicitĂ© s'il est autostabilisant et satisfait la propriĂ©tĂ© supplĂ©mentaire suivante : aprĂšs au plus τ pas dynamiques vĂ©rifiant la condition ρ et se produisant Ă  partir d'une configuration lĂ©gitime, l'algorithme converge rapidement vers une configuration oĂč une spĂ©cification plus faible est satisfaite ; puis il continue Ă  converger progressivement vers des configurations oĂč des spĂ©cifications de plus en plus fortes sont vĂ©rifiĂ©es, et ce, jusqu'Ă  retrouver une configuration lĂ©gitime vĂ©rifiant la spĂ©cification initiale du problĂšme. Nous illustrons cette nouvelle propriĂ©tĂ© en proposant un algorithme progressivement stabilisant de synchronisation d'horloges

    Stabilisation progressive

    Get PDF
    International audienceCet article est un rĂ©sumĂ© Ă©tendu de (Altisen et al., Euro-Par 2016) dans lequel nous nous intĂ©ressons Ă  des rĂ©seaux pouvant subir des changements topologiques transitoires. Nous proposons une nouvelle spĂ©cialisation de l'autostabilisation adaptĂ©e Ă  ce type de rĂ©seau : la stabilisation progressive. Un algorithme est progressivement stabilisant sous hypothĂšse de (τ, ρ)-dynamicitĂ© s'il est autostabilisant et satisfait la propriĂ©tĂ© supplĂ©mentaire suivante : aprĂšs au plus τ pas dynamiques vĂ©rifiant la condition ρ et se produisant Ă  partir d'une configuration lĂ©gitime, l'algorithme converge rapidement vers une configuration oĂč une spĂ©cification plus faible est satisfaite ; puis il continue Ă  converger progressivement vers des configurations oĂč des spĂ©cifications de plus en plus fortes sont vĂ©rifiĂ©es, et ce, jusqu'Ă  retrouver une configuration lĂ©gitime vĂ©rifiant la spĂ©cification initiale du problĂšme. Nous illustrons cette nouvelle propriĂ©tĂ© en proposant un algorithme progressivement stabilisant de synchronisation d'horloges

    Normal Aging Modulates the Neurotoxicity of Mutant Huntingtin

    Get PDF
    Aging likely plays a role in neurodegenerative disorders. In Huntington's disease (HD), a disorder caused by an abnormal expansion of a polyglutamine tract in the protein huntingtin (Htt), the role of aging is unclear. For a given tract length, the probability of disease onset increases with age. There are mainly two hypotheses that could explain adult onset in HD: Either mutant Htt progressively produces cumulative defects over time or “normal” aging renders neurons more vulnerable to mutant Htt toxicity. In the present study, we directly explored whether aging affected the toxicity of mutant Htt in vivo. We studied the impact of aging on the effects produced by overexpression of an N-terminal fragment of mutant Htt, of wild-type Htt or of a ÎČ-Galactosidase (ÎČ-Gal) reporter gene in the rat striatum. Stereotaxic injections of lentiviral vectors were performed simultaneously in young (3 week) and old (15 month) rats. Histological evaluation at different time points after infection demonstrated that the expression of mutant Htt led to pathological changes that were more severe in old rats, including an increase in the number of small Htt-containing aggregates in the neuropil, a greater loss of DARPP-32 immunoreactivity and striatal neurons as assessed by unbiased stereological counts

    Élection Autostabilisante dans les RĂ©seaux Ă  Haute DynamicitĂ©

    Get PDF
    National audienceNous nous intĂ©ressons Ă  la conception d'algorithmes autostabilisants pour des rĂ©seaux identifiĂ©s hautement dynamiques. PrĂ©cisĂ©ment, nous considĂ©rons le problĂšme de l'Ă©lection dans trois classes de graphes dynamiques (TVG) : la classe T C B (∆) des TVG de diamĂštre temporel bornĂ© par ∆, la classe TCQ (∆) des TVG de diamĂštre temporel quasiment bornĂ© par ∆ et la classe TCR des TVG Ă  connectivitĂ© temporelle rĂ©currente. Nous montrons qu'en dĂ©pit des identitĂ©s, dans les classes TCQ (∆) et TCR, tout algorithme autostabilisant d'Ă©lection nĂ©cessite la connaissance exacte du nombre de processus. Puis nous proposons trois algorithmes d'Ă©lection. Le premier, pour la classe TCB(∆), stabilise en au plus 3∆ rondes. Dans TCQ(∆) et TCR, le temps de stabilisation d'un algorithme autostabilisant d'Ă©lection ne peut pas ĂȘtre bornĂ©. Cependant, nous montrons que nos deux solutions sont spĂ©culatives, c'est-Ă -dire qu'elles ont de bonnes performances dans des cas favorables ; en effet, elles stabilisent en O(∆) rondes lorsque l'on se restreint Ă  la classe TCB(∆)

    Age-Related Differences in Functional and Structural Connectivity in the Spatial Navigation Brain Network

    Get PDF
    International audienceSpatial navigation involves multiple cognitive processes including multisensory integration, visuospatial coding, memory, and decision-making. These functions are mediated by the interplay of cerebral structures that can be broadly separated into a posterior network (subserving visual and spatial processing) and an anterior network (dedicated to memory and navigation planning). Within these networks, areas such as the hippocampus (HC) are known to be affected by aging and to be associated with cognitive decline and navigation impairments. However, age-related changes in brain connectivity within the spatial navigation network remain to be investigated. For this purpose, we performed a neuroimaging study combining functional and structural connectivity analyses between cerebral regions involved in spatial navigation. Nineteen young (ÎŒ = 27 years, σ = 4.3; 10 F) and 22 older (ÎŒ = 73 years, σ = 4.1; 10 F) participants were examined in this study. Our analyses focused on the parahippocampal place area (PPA), the retrosplenial cortex (RSC), the occipital place area (OPA), and the projections into the visual cortex of central and peripheral visual fields, delineated from independent functional localizers. In addition, we segmented the HC and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) from anatomical images. Our results show an age-related decrease in functional connectivity between low-visual areas and the HC, associated with an increase in functional connectivity between OPA and PPA in older participants compared to young subjects. Concerning the structural connectivity, we found age-related differences in white matter integrity within the navigation brain network, with the exception of the OPA. The OPA is known to be involved in egocentric navigation, as opposed to allocentric strategies which are more related to the hippocampal region. The increase in functional connectivity between the OPA and PPA may thus reflect a compensatory mechanism for the age-related alterations around the HC, favoring the use of the preserved structural network mediating egocentric navigation. Overall, these findings on age-related differences of functional and structural connectivity may help to elucidate the cerebral bases of spatial navigation deficits in healthy and pathological aging

    Les activités des médecins du travail dans la prévention des TMS : ressources et contraintes

    Get PDF
    MSD represents the primary cause of occupational illness and the occupational health physician would appear to be a determining stakeholder in prevention. The studies of risk factors of MSD are important but the studies of intervention are limited. The objective of our research is double: understand the practices of occupational health physician and give the means of activity development. Theoretical framework is multidisciplinary approach about activity analysis. The problematic is to produce knowledge of activity of occupational health physicians to take into account their activity in the debate of professional evolution and pluridisciplinarity in health of work. The disciplinary skills of each equip of research produce some methods. Fifty physicians participate in our research. We have observed during 60 day with ergonomics methods, notably 200 sequences of medical consultation with protocol to record data, confirmed by institutions of protection of physician profession and protection of data. Some types of interview are realized (65): semi-directive, clarification, simple self-confrontation, cross self-confrontation. Furthermore, our research is based on the objective to develop the activity of occupational health physicians. To do this, we set up four groups of volunteer occupational health physicians. The discussion of groups is based on objective data of activity (14 discussion sessions) and on instruction of double (15 discussions sessions). All equips of our research have building a common reference to facilitate the data exploitation. Each equip has written one or some articles (in annex of report) to keep this specificity of data production based of disciplinary approach. The first result is that there are some skills of occupational health physicians to make prevention. Someone physicians prefer to realize their action in consultation while the others prefer make intervention in company. The professionals styles of physicians according to the gender building with experience and training depend on context of company, legislative prevention system, relationship between stakeholders and operators, which facilitate or slow down to built the room of maneuver to exercise these professional styles. The activity of physician can be to hamper in certain conditions. The occupational health physicians are the only one to follow the operators, the story of company and relationships of stakeholders, the evolution of health and work. They use their knowledge about work in company to help operator to understand the relation between work and health. They mobilize the words using by operators in consultation, with respected the medical secret, to modify the stakeholders representation of the interaction between work and health. In the other words, it is impossible to separate the individual approach and collective approach in prevention activity of occupational health physician. These different approaches organize the actions of physician. The discussion of research led to questioning the legislative evolution and comparing our French system with de others system like Quebec system.Les TMS constituent l'une des premiĂšres maladies professionnelles et les mĂ©decins du travail jouent un rĂŽle important dans la prĂ©vention. Aujourd'hui les connaissances sur les facteurs de risque Ă  l'origine de cette pathologie font l'objet de dĂ©bats sur la prĂ©vention des TMS. Les recherches ont besoin d'Ă©voluer vers une meilleure connaissance des modalitĂ©s de prise en charge de ce risque par les professionnels de la prĂ©vention. L'objectif de notre recherche est donc double : comprendre les pratiques des mĂ©decins du travail et participer au dĂ©veloppement de leur activitĂ© de prĂ©vention. Notre cadre thĂ©orique multidisciplinaire (ergonomie, clinique du travail, sociologie du travail) est celui de l'analyse du travail. Notre problĂ©matique est la production de connaissances sur l'activitĂ© rĂ©elle du mĂ©decin afin de contribuer au dĂ©bat sur les Ă©volutions de leur mĂ©tier et la pluridisciplinaritĂ© en santĂ© au travail. Plusieurs mĂ©thodologies ont Ă©tĂ© mises en Ɠuvre selon les compĂ©tences et les disciplines de chaque Ă©quipe de recherche. Une cinquantaine de mĂ©decins volontaires ont participĂ© Ă  notre recherche. Nous avons fait plus de 60 jours d'observation ergonomique du travail sur le terrain, dont 200 observations de consultation avec un protocole validĂ© par le conseil de l'ordre et la CNIL. DiffĂ©rentes formes d'entretiens (au total 65) ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©s (semi-directif, d'explicitation, d'auto-confrontation simple et croisĂ©). Afin de contribuer au dĂ©veloppement de l'activitĂ© de prĂ©vention des mĂ©decins du travail, nous avons constituĂ© quatre groupes de pairs qui ont pu Ă©changer sur les traces de leur activitĂ© rĂ©elle (au total, 14 rĂ©unions collectives) et Ă  partir des mĂ©thodologies d'instruction du sosie (au total, 15 rĂ©unions collectives). Nos Ă©quipes de recherche ont partagĂ© un rĂ©fĂ©rentiel commun afin de faciliter l'exploitation des donnĂ©es. Pour ne pas perdre la spĂ©cificitĂ© de chaque discipline, chaque Ă©quipe a Ă©crit un ou plusieurs textes (en annexes du rapport) qui constituent la base d'un document de synthĂšse. Premier rĂ©sultat, il existe plusieurs maniĂšres et façons de faire de la prĂ©vention des TMS chez les mĂ©decins du travail. Certains mĂ©decins privilĂ©gient une action en consultation alors que d'autres sont plus dans une action en entreprise. Mais ces styles, s'ils correspondent Ă  des postures professionnelles construites avec l'expĂ©rience et le parcours de formation, sont trĂšs dĂ©pendants du contexte de l'entreprise, des dispositifs lĂ©gales de prĂ©vention et du type de relations avec les salariĂ©s, les acteurs de l'entreprise et de la prĂ©vention, qui rendent plus ou moins possibles leurs mises en Ɠuvre. L'activitĂ© du mĂ©decin dans certaines conditions est empĂȘchĂ©e. Les mĂ©decins du travail sont les seuls intervenants de la prĂ©vention Ă  tenir dans la continuitĂ© l'histoire de l'entreprise, des relations, de la santĂ©. Ils ramĂšnent leurs connaissances sur le travail pour aider le salariĂ© Ă  faire les liens entre le travail et la santĂ©. Ils mobilisent la parole des salariĂ©s issue de la consultation dans les espaces d'Ă©changes publics de l'entreprise, tout en respectant le secret mĂ©dical, afin de modifier la reprĂ©sentation des acteurs sur les liens travail-santĂ©. Autrement dit, il est impossible dans l'activitĂ© de prĂ©vention du mĂ©decin de dĂ©lier l'approche individuelle et collective car celles-ci sont sans arrĂȘt articuler et combiner. Cela conduit Ă  s'interroger sur l'Ă©volution de la loi et Ă  comparer les pratiques avec d'autres systĂšmes de prĂ©vention, comme celui du QuĂ©bec
    • 

    corecore