Penelitian Tentang Perkembangan Cabang Olahraga Futsal di Kota Banda Aceh Tahun 2007-2012

Penelitian ini berjudul: “Penelitian Tentang Perkembangan Cabang Olahraga Futsal di Kota Banda Aceh Tahun 2007-2012”. Banda Aceh memiliki fasilitas olahraga futsal yang lebih lengkap dibandingkan daerah lain, namun perkembangan dari tahun ke tahun belum berkembang dengan baik, padahal peminat olahraga ini cukup banyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan olahraga Futsal di Kota Banda Aceh tahun 2007-2012. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah pengelola lapangan futsal dan wasit futsal, yang tersebar di Kota Banda Aceh yang berjumlah 10 orang, yang diperoleh melalui sampel bertujuan (purposive sampling). Jenis penelitian ini tergolong dalam jenis penelitian deskriptif. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari hasil observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Perkembangan olahraga Futsal di Kota Banda Aceh tahun 2007-2012 berkembang sedikit lambat, tetapi telah menunjukkan Perubahan yang lebih baik dari tahun ke tahun, meskipun belum berkembang pesat seperti di provinsi-provinsi lain. (2) Pengelolaan struktur organisasi olahraga Futsal di Kota Banda Aceh tahun 2007-2012 sudah berjalan, namun masih berada dibawah pengelolaan PSSI, belum memiliki organisasi sendiri seperti Badan Futsal Daerah (BFD), dan secara keseluruhan belum terkelola dengan baik

Standardisasi Nafkah Istri: Studi Perbandingan Mazhab Maliki dan Mazhab Syafi’i

The standard of living for the wife that is obliged to be provided by the husband is not clearly defined in the Koran and the hadiths, thus requiring the scholars to perform ijtihad in determining the size of the wife's income. The results of the ulama's ijtihad regarding the size of the wife's income will differ along with the different methods of ijtihad and the argument used, so that it becomes ambiguous (obscure) for the community to understand the actual size of the living according to the opinion of certain schools of thought. Based on the description of the problem, it is necessary to have an in-depth study of the standardization of the wife's income, which the author limits according to the Maliki and Shafi'i school. In this study the authors used a qualitative research method with a normative approach. The results of the research of the Maliki school of wife's income were not determined by a certain size, but the wife's obligation to support her was according to the husband's income level and the level of the wife's needs, so the Maliki school did not see the wife's obligation to support the husband's rich or poor. While the Shafi'i school determines the level of the wife's income with two classifications, food and clothing are determined according to the husband's class of income, while the residence or house is determined according to the wife's family stratum and the wife's eligibility to live in. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the standardization of the wife's income is determined according to the ijtihad of different scholars according to the ijtihad method used.Standar nafkah istri yang wajib diberikan suami tidak ditentukan secara jelas dalam Alquran dan hadis, sehingga mengharuskan para ulama untuk berijtihad dalam menentukan ukuran nafkah istri tersebut. Hasil ijtihad para ulama tentang ukuran nafkah istri akan berbeda seiring dengan berbedanya metode ijtihad dan dalil yang digunakan, sehingga menjadi ambigu (kekaburan) bagi masyarakat untuk memahami ukuran nafkah yang sebenarnya menurut pendapat mazhab tertentu. Berdasarkan deskripsi permasalahan tersebut perlu ada sebuah kajian yang mendalam tentang standardisasi nafkah istri yang penulis batasi menurut mazhab Maliki dan Syafi’i. Dalam kajian ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan perbandingan hukum (comparative approach). Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa dalam mazhab Maliki nafkah istri tidak ditentukan ukuran tertentu namun kewajiban nafkah istri tersebut menurut kadar penghasilan suami dan kadar kebutuhan istri, jadi mazhab Maliki tidak melihat kewajiban nafkah istri tersebut kepada kaya atau miskinnya suami. Sementara mazhab Syafi‘i menentukan kadar nafkah istri dengan dua klasifikasi, untuk makanan dan pakaian ditentukan menurut kelas perhasilan suami, sementara untuk tempat tinggal atau rumah ditentukan sesuai dengan strata keluarga istri dan kelayakan istri untuk menetap di dalamnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa standardisasi nafkah istri ditentukan menurut ijtihad para ulama yang berbeda sesuai dengan metode ijtihad yang digunakan

Characteristics of Early-Onset vs Late-Onset Colorectal Cancer: A Review.

The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (younger than 50 years) is rising globally, the reasons for which are unclear. It appears to represent a unique disease process with different clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics compared with late-onset colorectal cancer. Data on oncological outcomes are limited, and sensitivity to conventional neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy regimens appear to be unknown. The purpose of this review is to summarize the available literature on early-onset colorectal cancer. Within the next decade, it is estimated that 1 in 10 colon cancers and 1 in 4 rectal cancers will be diagnosed in adults younger than 50 years. Potential risk factors include a Westernized diet, obesity, antibiotic usage, and alterations in the gut microbiome. Although genetic predisposition plays a role, most cases are sporadic. The full spectrum of germline and somatic sequence variations implicated remains unknown. Younger patients typically present with descending colonic or rectal cancer, advanced disease stage, and unfavorable histopathological features. Despite being more likely to receive neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy, patients with early-onset disease demonstrate comparable oncological outcomes with their older counterparts. The clinicopathological features, underlying molecular profiles, and drivers of early-onset colorectal cancer differ from those of late-onset disease. Standardized, age-specific preventive, screening, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies are required to optimize outcomes

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AIM: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery. METHODS: This was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin. RESULTS: Overall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, delay was not associated with a lower rate of complete resection (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.90-1.55, P = 0.224), which was consistent in elective patients only (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.69-1.27, P = 0.672). Longer delays were not associated with poorer outcomes. CONCLUSION: One in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease

Post-Operative Functional Outcomes in Early Age Onset Rectal Cancer

Background: Impairment of bowel, urogenital and fertility-related function in patients treated for rectal cancer is common. While the rate of rectal cancer in the young (&lt;50 years) is rising, there is little data on functional outcomes in this group. Methods: The REACCT international collaborative database was reviewed and data on eligible patients analysed. Inclusion criteria comprised patients with a histologically confirmed rectal cancer, &lt;50 years of age at time of diagnosis and with documented follow-up including functional outcomes. Results: A total of 1428 (n=1428) patients met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final analysis. Metastatic disease was present at diagnosis in 13%. Of these, 40% received neoadjuvant therapy and 50% adjuvant chemotherapy. The incidence of post-operative major morbidity was 10%. A defunctioning stoma was placed for 621 patients (43%); 534 of these proceeded to elective restoration of bowel continuity. The median follow-up time was 42 months. Of this cohort, a total of 415 (29%) reported persistent impairment of functional outcomes, the most frequent of which was bowel dysfunction (16%), followed by bladder dysfunction (7%), sexual dysfunction (4.5%) and infertility (1%). Conclusion: A substantial proportion of patients with early-onset rectal cancer who undergo surgery report persistent impairment of functional status. Patients should be involved in the discussion regarding their treatment options and potential impact on quality of life. Functional outcomes should be routinely recorded as part of follow up alongside oncological parameters

Sanksi Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual: Studi Komparatif Fiqh, Qanun Aceh dan KUHP

Kekerasan seksual seperti pemerkosaan merupak salah satu bentuk kejaharan seksual yang harus dilakukan upaya pencegahannya dengan memberlakukan sanksi yang dapat memberikan efek jera terhadap pelaku dan mencegah terjadinya hal serupa pada orang yang lain. KUHP Pasal 285 merupakan salah satu peraturan yang mengatur secara khusus berkaitan dengan kekerasan seksual, namun hal tersebut belum bisa memberikan dampak yang siknifikan terhadap pencegahan kejahatan pemerkosaan. Berdasarkan realitas tersebut harus dilakukan upaya perancangan perubahan terhadap KUHP dengan mengakomodir hukum Islam (fiqh) dan Qanun Jinayat Aceh. Secara fiqh kejahatan pemerkosaan dalam satu sisi dikategorikan ke dalam zina sehingga dikenakan hukuman hudud, namun disisi lain bisa dikategorikan ke dalam hirabah sehingga bisa dikenakan hukuman yang lebih berat lagi dari hudud. Sementara Qanun Jinayat Aceh menerapkan hukuman ta’zir berupa cambuk atau denda dalam bentuk emas murni. Secara fiqh atau qanun sangat memberikan efek jera terhadap pelaku dan dapat mencegah untuk terulang kembali kejahatan serupa tersebut

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery

Predictive Factors and Risk Model for Positive Circumferential Resection Margin Rate after Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision in 2653 Patients with Rectal Cancer

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of, and preoperative risk factors for, positive circumferential resection margin (CRM) after transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME). Background: TaTME has the potential to further reduce the rate of positive CRM for patients with low rectal cancer, thereby improving oncological outcome. Methods: A prospective registry-based study including all cases recorded on the international TaTME registry between July 2014 and January 2018 was performed. Endpoints were the incidence of, and predictive factors for, positive CRM. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed, and factors for positive CRM were then assessed by formulating a predictive model. Results: In total, 2653 patients undergoing TaTME for rectal cancer were included. The incidence of positive CRM was 107 (4.0%). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, a positive CRM after TaTME was significantly associated with tumors located up to 1 cm from the anorectal junction, anterior tumors, cT4 tumors, extra-mural venous invasion (EMVI), and threatened or involved CRM on baseline MRI (odds ratios 2.09, 1.66, 1.93, 1.94, and 1.72, respectively). The predictive model showed adequate discrimination (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve &gt;0.70), and predicted a 28% risk of positive CRM if all risk factors were present. Conclusion: Five preoperative tumor-related characteristics had an adverse effect on CRM involvement after TaTME. The predicted risk of positive CRM after TaTME for a specific patient can be calculated preoperatively with the proposed model and may help guide patient selection for optimal treatment and enhance a tailored treatment approach to further optimize oncological outcomes