Joint hydrogen susceptibility of 304 SS welded with titanium

Welds of thick plates (304 SS) clad with Ti of commercial purity in as-received state and also after subsequent heat treatment and/or after hydrogen charging were investigated. Fatigue tests were carried out at amplitude of 20 Hz and in case of bimetal without hydrogen charging also at amplitude of 40 Hz. After heat treatment, charged welds showed higher threshold level than the welds without heat treatment. Energy dispersed analyses (EDA) of fracture surfaces showed that failure predominantly occurred in joint. Hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) response of bimetal samples demonstrated favourable results both after welding and after subsequent heat treatment. Short and thin cracks were observed, exclusively located in mixed zone, where approx. 16-20 at. % of Ti using EDX (energy dispersed analyser) was revealed. By application of monochromatic synchrotron radiation Ti- , Fe-fcc, Fe-bcc and intermetallic phase Fe2Ti were detected.Web of Science5941610160

Phase analysis of explosive welded Ti-Cr/Ni steel in AS-received state and after heat treatment using synchrotron

Surface coatings protection is one of the most important processes ensuring efficient and economic use of basic materials, mostly of lower-quality. At interface of clad and basic material intermetallic phases are formed, representing quite different matrix with dissimilar properties unlike the welded materials. One type of surface coating is explosive bonding which belongs to group of pressure welding. The work is focused on interface shape line, inhomogeneities in vicinity of the wave joint both in basic material and in vicinity of weld line of the Ti and Cr/Ni stainless steel (SS) matrix. Investigated weld was both in as-received state and after heat treatment carried out at 600 C/90 minutes/air. Presented phases have been identified using X-ray diffraction performed by synchrotron. The Ti , Fe-fcc, Fe-bcc and intermetallic phases Fe2Ti were detected at interface area.Web of Science5941614161

Structure and mechanical properties of explosive welded Mg/Al bimetal

In the article we analyzed shape, local mechanical properties, chemical and phase composition of Magnesium/Aluminium cladded material prepared by explosion welding. In particular we focus our investigation on Mg/Al interface and areas close to the joint. Hardness of the joined materials measured far from their interface is similar for both materials, however in the region of interface the hardness drops down by 40%. Phase transformations in the interface was examined by a hard X-ray micro-diffraction experiment performed at beamline P07 at PETRA III at the energy of 99 keV which helped us identify in Al: fcc-Al, Al2Cu tetragonal and Al7Cu2Fe tetragonal and in Mg: hcp-Mg, Mg2Si cubic phases. In the interface we haven’t observed any new intermetallics, but computation of lattice parameters and profiles of Al and Mg peaks proved an existence of solid solution with different gradient of chemical composition.Web of Science5941597159

High-pressure x-ray diffraction of icosahedral Zr-Al-Ni-Cu-Ag quasicrystals

The effect of pressure on the structural stability of icosahedral Zr-Al-Ni-Cu-Ag quasicrystals forming from a Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu7.5Ag10 metallic glass with a supercooled liquid region of 44 K has been investigated by in situ high-pressure angle-dispersive x-ray powder diffraction at ambient temperature using synchrotron radiation. The icosahedral quasicrystal structure is retained up to the highest hydrostatic pressure used (approximately 28 GPa) and is reversible after decompression. The bulk modulus at zero pressure and its pressure derivative of the icosahedral Zr-Al-Ni-Cu-Ag quasicrystal are 99.10+/-1.26 GPa and 4.25+/-0.16, respectively. The compression behavior of different Bragg peaks is isotropic and the full width at half maximum of each peak remains almost unchanged during compression, indicating no anisotropic elasticity and no defects in the icosahedral Zr-Al-Ni-Cu-Ag quasicrystals induced by pressure

Role of heat accumulation in the multi-shot damage of silicon irradiated with femtosecond XUV pulses at a 1 MHz repetition rate

The role played by heat accumulation in multi-shot damage of silicon was studied. Bulk silicon samples were exposed to intense XUV monochromatic radiation of a 13.5 nm wavelength in a series of 400 femtosecond pulses, repeated with a 1 MHz rate (pulse trains) at the FLASH facility in Hamburg. The observed surface morphological and structural modifications are formed as a result of sample surface melting. Modifications are threshold dependent on the mean fluence of the incident pulse train, with all threshold values in the range of approximately 36-40 mJ/cm². Experimental data is supported by a theoretical model described by the heat diffusion equation. The threshold for reaching the melting temperature (45 mJ/cm²) and liquid state (54 mJ/cm²), estimated from this model, is in accordance with experimental values within measurement error. The model indicates a significant role of heat accumulation in surface modification processes