Tissue Engineering for Skin Replacement Methods

The skin is the biggest structure of the body, and it plays a significant role in maintaining the unity of the body environment. The skin is important for the endurance of the organism as an outer coat for the thermal regulation and hydration preservation. With the intention of helping these significant utilities, the skin continually experiences regeneration and holds the capability to overhaul wound by repair and regeneration of several kinds of skin stem cells. Noteworthy, development has been accomplished throughout the recent times in the generation of engineered skin alternates which imitate human skin cells in vitro for replacement or modeling. Conversely, existing new skin alternatives do not reinstate completely the healthy skin anatomy and suffer from deficiency of natural supplements in skin covering, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, and sweat glands. Improvements in stem cell biology and skin morphogenesis show significant potentials to evidently advance the engineering of skin replacements which would preferably be vague from normal skin. This chapter reviews these developments in the in vivo and in vitro techniques of engineered and manufactured skin scaffold biomaterials

The urgent need for microbiology literacy in society

Contains fulltext : 204933.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Potential value of a rapid syndromic multiplex PCR for the diagnosis of native and prosthetic joint infections: a real-world evidence study

Introduction: The BIOFIRE Joint Infection (JI) Panel is a diagnostic tool that uses multiplex-PCR testing to detect microorganisms in synovial fluid specimens from patients suspected of having septic arthritis (SA) on native joints or prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Methods: A study was conducted across 34 clinical sites in 19 European and Middle Eastern countries from March 2021 to June 2022 to assess the effectiveness of the BIOFIRE JI Panel. Results: A total of 1527 samples were collected from patients suspected of SA or PJI, with an overall agreement of 88.4 % and 85 % respectively between the JI Panel and synovial fluid cultures (SFCs). The JI Panel detected more positive samples and microorganisms than SFC, with a notable difference on Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species, Enterococcus faecalis, Kingella kingae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and anaerobic bacteria. The study found that the BIOFIRE JI Panel has a high utility in the real-world clinical setting for suspected SA and PJI, providing diagnostic results in approximately 1 h. The user experience was positive, implying a potential benefit of rapidity of results' turnover in optimising patient management strategies. Conclusion: The study suggests that the BIOFIRE JI Panel could potentially optimise patient management and antimicrobial therapy, thus highlighting its importance in the clinical setting

A concept for international societally relevant microbiology education and microbiology knowledge promulgation in society

Microbes are all pervasive in their distribution and influence on the functioning and well-being of humans, life in general and the planet. Microbially-based technologies contribute hugely to the supply of important goods and services we depend upon, such as the provision of food, medicines and clean water. They also offer mechanisms and strategies to mitigate and solve a wide range of problems and crises facing humanity at all levels, including those encapsulated in the sustainable development goals (SDGs) formulated by the United Nations. For example, microbial technologies can contribute in multiple ways to decarbonisation and hence confronting global warming, provide sanitation and clean water to the billions of people lacking them, improve soil fertility and hence food production and develop vaccines and other medicines to reduce and in some cases eliminate deadly infections. They are the foundation of biotechnology, an increasingly important and growing business sector and source of employment, and the centre of the bioeconomy, Green Deal, etc. But, because microbes are largely invisible, they are not familiar to most people, so opportunities they offer to effectively prevent and solve problems are often missed by decision-makers, with the negative consequences this entrains. To correct this lack of vital knowledge, the International Microbiology Literacy Initiative–the IMiLI–is recruiting from the global microbiology community and making freely available, teaching resources for a curriculum in societally relevant microbiology that can be used at all levels of learning. Its goal is the development of a society that is literate in relevant microbiology and, as a consequence, able to take full advantage of the potential of microbes and minimise the consequences of their negative activities. In addition to teaching about microbes, almost every lesson discusses the influence they have on sustainability and the SDGs and their ability to solve pressing problems of societal inequalities. The curriculum thus teaches about sustainability, societal needs and global citizenship. The lessons also reveal the impacts microbes and their activities have on our daily lives at the personal, family, community, national and global levels and their relevance for decisions at all levels. And, because effective, evidence-based decisions require not only relevant information but also critical and systems thinking, the resources also teach about these key generic aspects of deliberation. The IMiLI teaching resources are learner-centric, not academic microbiology-centric and deal with the microbiology of everyday issues. These span topics as diverse as owning and caring for a companion animal, the vast range of everyday foods that are produced via microbial processes, impressive geological formations created by microbes, childhood illnesses and how they are managed and how to reduce waste and pollution. They also leverage the exceptional excitement of exploration and discovery that typifies much progress in microbiology to capture the interest, inspire and motivate educators and learners alike. The IMiLI is establishing Regional Centres to translate the teaching resources into regional languages and adapt them to regional cultures, and to promote their use and assist educators employing them. Two of these are now operational. The Regional Centres constitute the interface between resource creators and educators–learners. As such, they will collect and analyse feedback from the end-users and transmit this to the resource creators so that teaching materials can be improved and refined, and new resources added in response to demand: educators and learners will thereby be directly involved in evolution of the teaching resources. The interactions between educators–learners and resource creators mediated by the Regional Centres will establish dynamic and synergistic relationships–a global societally relevant microbiology education ecosystem–in which creators also become learners, teaching resources are optimised and all players/stakeholders are empowered and their motivation increased. The IMiLI concept thus embraces the principle of teaching societally relevant microbiology embedded in the wider context of societal, biosphere and planetary needs, inequalities, the range of crises that confront us and the need for improved decisioning, which should ultimately lead to better citizenship and a humanity that is more sustainable and resilient. The biosphere of planet Earth is a microbial world: a vast reactor of countless microbially driven chemical transformations and energy transfers that push and pull many planetary geochemical processes, including the cycling of the elements of life, mitigate or amplify climate change (e.g., Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2019, 17, 569) and impact the well-being and activities of all organisms, including humans. Microbes are both our ancestors and creators of the planetary chemistry that allowed us to evolve (e.g., Life's engines: How microbes made earth habitable, 2023). To understand how the biosphere functions, how humans can influence its development and live more sustainably with the other organisms sharing it, we need to understand the microbes. In a recent editorial (Environmental Microbiology, 2019, 21, 1513), we advocated for improved microbiology literacy in society. Our concept of microbiology literacy is not based on knowledge of the academic subject of microbiology, with its multitude of component topics, plus the growing number of additional topics from other disciplines that become vitally important elements of current microbiology. Rather it is focused on microbial activities that impact us–individuals/communities/nations/the human world–and the biosphere and that are key to reaching informed decisions on a multitude of issues that regularly confront us, ranging from personal issues to crises of global importance. In other words, it is knowledge and understanding essential for adulthood and the transition to it, knowledge and understanding that must be acquired early in life in school. The 2019 Editorial marked the launch of the International Microbiology Literacy Initiative, the IMiLI. HERE, WE PRESENT our concept of how microbiology literacy may be achieved and the rationale underpinning it; the type of teaching resources being created to realise the concept and the framing of microbial activities treated in these resources in the context of sustainability, societal needs and responsibilities and decision-making; and the key role of Regional Centres that will translate the teaching resources into local languages, adapt them according to local cultural needs, interface with regional educators and develop and serve as hubs of microbiology literacy education networks. The topics featuring in teaching resources are learner-centric and have been selected for their inherent relevance, interest and ability to excite and engage. Importantly, the resources coherently integrate and emphasise the overarching issues of sustainability, stewardship and critical thinking and the pervasive interdependencies of processes. More broadly, the concept emphasises how the multifarious applications of microbial activities can be leveraged to promote human/animal, plant, environmental and planetary health, improve social equity, alleviate humanitarian deficits and causes of conflicts among peoples and increase understanding between peoples (Microbial Biotechnology, 2023, 16(6), 1091–1111). Importantly, although the primary target of the freely available (CC BY-NC 4.0) IMiLI teaching resources is schoolchildren and their educators, they and the teaching philosophy are intended for all ages, abilities and cultural spectra of learners worldwide: in university education, lifelong learning, curiosity-driven, web-based knowledge acquisition and public outreach. The IMiLI teaching resources aim to promote development of a global microbiology education ecosystem that democratises microbiology knowledge.http://www.wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/mbt2hj2024BiochemistryGeneticsMicrobiology and Plant PathologySDG-01:No povertySDG-02:Zero HungerSDG-03:Good heatlh and well-beingSDG-04:Quality EducationSDG-06:Clean water and sanitationSDG-07:Affordable and clean energySDG-08:Decent work and economic growthSDG-12:Responsible consumption and productionSDG-13:Climate actionSDG-14:Life below wate

Enflasyona endeksli swapların sıçrama süreci içeren genişletilmiş HJM modeli kullanılarak fiyatlandırılması.

Inflation indexed instruments are designed to help protect investors against the changes in the general level of prices. So, they are frequently preferred by investors and they have become increasingly developing part of the market. In this study, firstly, the HJM model and foreign currency analogy used to price of inflation indexed instruments are investigated. Then, the HJM model is extended with finite number of Poisson process. Finally, under the extended HJM model, a pricing derivation of inflation indexed swaps, which are the most liquid ones among inflation indexed instruments in the market, is given.M.S. - Master of Scienc

Kaynaktan eğitime atasözleri ve deyimler Çelebioğlu Abdülhalim Hakkı'nın Atalar Sözü Mecmuası 2. cilt 1643-1724 sayfaları arası

Atasözü ve deyimler Türkçenin bilinen en eski dönemlerinden beri günümüze kadar özellikle yazılı eserlerde karşımıza çıkan mühim kaynaklardır. Özellikle Osmanlı Devleti’nin son dönemlerinde atasözleri ve deyimlere dair pek çok derleme çalışması yapılarak mevcut dönemdeki atasözleri ve deyimler kayıt hâline alınmıştır. Bu derlemelerden biri de bu çalışmaya konu olan Atalar Sözü Mecmuası’dır. Bu eser Çelebioğlu Abdülhalim Hakkı tarafından iki cilt hâlinde toplam yazılmış olup Türk Dil Kurumu Kütüphanesinde Atalar Sözü adıyla, Etüt/104-1 ve Etüt/104-2 numaralarıyla kayıtlı olarak muhafaza edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada eserin Etüt-104-2 adlı ikinci cildinin 1643-1723. sayfaları arası ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada; Giriş, Yöntem, Dizin, Sonuç, Kaynaklar ve Ekler olmak üzere toplam yedi bölüm mevcuttur.Arap harfi temelli Osmanlı elifbasıyla yazılmış Atalar Sözü Mecmuası, rika hattı ile kaleme alınmıştır. Metin kısmı; atasözü, deyim, vecize, dua, kargış, beyit ve mısra gibi dil yapılardan müteşekkil madde başlarından oluşan eserin madde başlarındaki kelime açıklamaları ile madde başlarının geçtiği alıntılar kısmı mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada madde başları, açıklamalar ve alıntılar tespit edilmiş, madde başları ile açıklamalar Türkiye Türkçesine aktarılmış; alıntılar da çeviri yazı ile kaydedilmiştir. Madde başlarında müellif tarafından yapılan izahlar ile yine müellif tarafından kaydedilen farklı imlalara sahip kelimeler dipnotlarla belirtilmiştir. Eser ile ilgili gerekli görülen hususlar da ayrıca dipnotlarda açıklanmıştır.Proverbs and idioms are important sources that have been encountered especially in written works since the earliest known periods of Turkish. Especially in the last periods of the Ottoman Empire, many compilation studies were made on proverbs and idioms, and the proverbs and idioms in the current period were recorded. One of these compilations is Atalar Sözü Mecmuası, which is the subject of this study. This work was written by Çelebioğlu Abdülhalim Hakkı in two volumes and is preserved under the name of Atalar Sözü, with the numbers Etüt/104-1 and Etüt/104-2, in the Türk Dil Kurumu Kütüphanesi. In this study, the second volume of the work called Etüt-104-2, 1643-1723. covered between pages. There are a total of seven chapters in the study: Introduction, Method, Index, Conclusion, References and Appendices.Atalar Sözü Mecmuası was written in Ottoman alphabet based on Arabic letters and was written in rika calligraphy. The text part consists of clauses consisting of language structures such as proverbs, idioms, aphorisms, prayers, confusion, couplets and verses. In addition, there are also word explanations and quotations section in the work. In this study, clauses, explanations and quotations were determined, clauses and explanations translated into Turkey Turkish and The quotations are recorded with the translated text. In the clauses, the explanations made by the author and the words with different spellings recorded by the author are indicated with footnotes. The necessary matters regarding the work are also explained in the footnotes

Molybdenum oxide and hybride films as anodes for lithium ion batteries

WOS: 000448031900047PubMed ID: 30360177Scientists have been working to replace graphite, the state-of-art anode material, to improve battery performances. In this sense, transitional metals and their oxides become attractive due to their capacities, widespread availabilities, and environmental benignity. In this paper, first in literature, a progressive study has been followed to evaluate the possible uses of pristine, partially oxidized and reduced Mo oxide films (with glucose droplets on top of the oxide layer gives the hybride and the film without glucose droplets on top of the oxide film gives merely reduced Mo oxide film) as anodes in lithium ion batteries. Unlike to conventional studies, herein the oxidation of molybdenum (Mo) atoms is restricted with the surface atoms to benefit the advantages of metallic Mo atoms at the electrode/current collector interface. These Mo atoms which are inactive versus Li and insoluble in copper are expected to create conductive pathway in the oxide (or hybride) films as well as minimize volume changes in cycling. Knowing that carbonaceous materials have been used as efficient additives to improve the electrochemical performance of electrodes, the best performance is achieved when the hybrid molydenbum oxide (C film on top of the reduced molybdenum oxide film as a result of the reduction of the glucose droplet) sample is cycled between 0.005-3.0 V versus Li/Li+