Tissue Engineering for Skin Replacement Methods

The skin is the biggest structure of the body, and it plays a significant role in maintaining the unity of the body environment. The skin is important for the endurance of the organism as an outer coat for the thermal regulation and hydration preservation. With the intention of helping these significant utilities, the skin continually experiences regeneration and holds the capability to overhaul wound by repair and regeneration of several kinds of skin stem cells. Noteworthy, development has been accomplished throughout the recent times in the generation of engineered skin alternates which imitate human skin cells in vitro for replacement or modeling. Conversely, existing new skin alternatives do not reinstate completely the healthy skin anatomy and suffer from deficiency of natural supplements in skin covering, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, and sweat glands. Improvements in stem cell biology and skin morphogenesis show significant potentials to evidently advance the engineering of skin replacements which would preferably be vague from normal skin. This chapter reviews these developments in the in vivo and in vitro techniques of engineered and manufactured skin scaffold biomaterials

The urgent need for microbiology literacy in society

Contains fulltext : 204933.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

Potential value of a rapid syndromic multiplex PCR for the diagnosis of native and prosthetic joint infections: a real-world evidence study

Introduction: The BIOFIRE Joint Infection (JI) Panel is a diagnostic tool that uses multiplex-PCR testing to detect microorganisms in synovial fluid specimens from patients suspected of having septic arthritis (SA) on native joints or prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Methods: A study was conducted across 34 clinical sites in 19 European and Middle Eastern countries from March 2021 to June 2022 to assess the effectiveness of the BIOFIRE JI Panel. Results: A total of 1527 samples were collected from patients suspected of SA or PJI, with an overall agreement of 88.4 % and 85 % respectively between the JI Panel and synovial fluid cultures (SFCs). The JI Panel detected more positive samples and microorganisms than SFC, with a notable difference on Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species, Enterococcus faecalis, Kingella kingae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and anaerobic bacteria. The study found that the BIOFIRE JI Panel has a high utility in the real-world clinical setting for suspected SA and PJI, providing diagnostic results in approximately 1 h. The user experience was positive, implying a potential benefit of rapidity of results' turnover in optimising patient management strategies. Conclusion: The study suggests that the BIOFIRE JI Panel could potentially optimise patient management and antimicrobial therapy, thus highlighting its importance in the clinical setting

Enflasyona endeksli swapların sıçrama süreci içeren genişletilmiş HJM modeli kullanılarak fiyatlandırılması.

Inflation indexed instruments are designed to help protect investors against the changes in the general level of prices. So, they are frequently preferred by investors and they have become increasingly developing part of the market. In this study, firstly, the HJM model and foreign currency analogy used to price of inflation indexed instruments are investigated. Then, the HJM model is extended with finite number of Poisson process. Finally, under the extended HJM model, a pricing derivation of inflation indexed swaps, which are the most liquid ones among inflation indexed instruments in the market, is given.M.S. - Master of Scienc

Kaynaktan eğitime atasözleri ve deyimler Çelebioğlu Abdülhalim Hakkı'nın Atalar Sözü Mecmuası 2. cilt 1643-1724 sayfaları arası

Atasözü ve deyimler Türkçenin bilinen en eski dönemlerinden beri günümüze kadar özellikle yazılı eserlerde karşımıza çıkan mühim kaynaklardır. Özellikle Osmanlı Devleti’nin son dönemlerinde atasözleri ve deyimlere dair pek çok derleme çalışması yapılarak mevcut dönemdeki atasözleri ve deyimler kayıt hâline alınmıştır. Bu derlemelerden biri de bu çalışmaya konu olan Atalar Sözü Mecmuası’dır. Bu eser Çelebioğlu Abdülhalim Hakkı tarafından iki cilt hâlinde toplam yazılmış olup Türk Dil Kurumu Kütüphanesinde Atalar Sözü adıyla, Etüt/104-1 ve Etüt/104-2 numaralarıyla kayıtlı olarak muhafaza edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada eserin Etüt-104-2 adlı ikinci cildinin 1643-1723. sayfaları arası ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada; Giriş, Yöntem, Dizin, Sonuç, Kaynaklar ve Ekler olmak üzere toplam yedi bölüm mevcuttur.Arap harfi temelli Osmanlı elifbasıyla yazılmış Atalar Sözü Mecmuası, rika hattı ile kaleme alınmıştır. Metin kısmı; atasözü, deyim, vecize, dua, kargış, beyit ve mısra gibi dil yapılardan müteşekkil madde başlarından oluşan eserin madde başlarındaki kelime açıklamaları ile madde başlarının geçtiği alıntılar kısmı mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada madde başları, açıklamalar ve alıntılar tespit edilmiş, madde başları ile açıklamalar Türkiye Türkçesine aktarılmış; alıntılar da çeviri yazı ile kaydedilmiştir. Madde başlarında müellif tarafından yapılan izahlar ile yine müellif tarafından kaydedilen farklı imlalara sahip kelimeler dipnotlarla belirtilmiştir. Eser ile ilgili gerekli görülen hususlar da ayrıca dipnotlarda açıklanmıştır.Proverbs and idioms are important sources that have been encountered especially in written works since the earliest known periods of Turkish. Especially in the last periods of the Ottoman Empire, many compilation studies were made on proverbs and idioms, and the proverbs and idioms in the current period were recorded. One of these compilations is Atalar Sözü Mecmuası, which is the subject of this study. This work was written by Çelebioğlu Abdülhalim Hakkı in two volumes and is preserved under the name of Atalar Sözü, with the numbers Etüt/104-1 and Etüt/104-2, in the Türk Dil Kurumu Kütüphanesi. In this study, the second volume of the work called Etüt-104-2, 1643-1723. covered between pages. There are a total of seven chapters in the study: Introduction, Method, Index, Conclusion, References and Appendices.Atalar Sözü Mecmuası was written in Ottoman alphabet based on Arabic letters and was written in rika calligraphy. The text part consists of clauses consisting of language structures such as proverbs, idioms, aphorisms, prayers, confusion, couplets and verses. In addition, there are also word explanations and quotations section in the work. In this study, clauses, explanations and quotations were determined, clauses and explanations translated into Turkey Turkish and The quotations are recorded with the translated text. In the clauses, the explanations made by the author and the words with different spellings recorded by the author are indicated with footnotes. The necessary matters regarding the work are also explained in the footnotes

Molybdenum oxide and hybride films as anodes for lithium ion batteries

WOS: 000448031900047PubMed ID: 30360177Scientists have been working to replace graphite, the state-of-art anode material, to improve battery performances. In this sense, transitional metals and their oxides become attractive due to their capacities, widespread availabilities, and environmental benignity. In this paper, first in literature, a progressive study has been followed to evaluate the possible uses of pristine, partially oxidized and reduced Mo oxide films (with glucose droplets on top of the oxide layer gives the hybride and the film without glucose droplets on top of the oxide film gives merely reduced Mo oxide film) as anodes in lithium ion batteries. Unlike to conventional studies, herein the oxidation of molybdenum (Mo) atoms is restricted with the surface atoms to benefit the advantages of metallic Mo atoms at the electrode/current collector interface. These Mo atoms which are inactive versus Li and insoluble in copper are expected to create conductive pathway in the oxide (or hybride) films as well as minimize volume changes in cycling. Knowing that carbonaceous materials have been used as efficient additives to improve the electrochemical performance of electrodes, the best performance is achieved when the hybrid molydenbum oxide (C film on top of the reduced molybdenum oxide film as a result of the reduction of the glucose droplet) sample is cycled between 0.005-3.0 V versus Li/Li+

Antimicrobial Susceptibilities and Molecular Characterization of Toxin-Positive Clostridium difficile Isolates: The First Report on the Presence of Hypervirulent Strains from Turkey

WOS: 000408311400004PubMed ID: 28929960Clostridium difficile infection is one of the most important hospital-acquired infections. Infections caused by hypervirulent C. difficile strains which produce toxins at high levels, have higher morbidity and mortality rates, more complications and relapses. They are characterized by higher sporulation ratios and resistance rates for fluoroquinolones. In order to prevent serious morbidities, mortalities and remarkable increase in health costs, highly pathogenic C. difficile strains must be identified before causing severe outbreaks. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibilities and molecular characteristics of 61 C. difficile strains isolated by culture from toxin-positive fecal samples of patients who were admitted to three different laboratories in Ankara, between September 2012 and November 2014. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined by using gradient test strips and results were interpreted according to the current CLSI and EUCAST criteria. The presence of toxin genes was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and mutations in the tcdC gene were determined by sequence analysis following PCR amplification. Genetic characterization of one hypervirulent strain was performed by Public Health Institution of Turkey using the GenoType CDiff (Hain Lifescience, Germany) test. All strains were susceptible to vancomycin and metronidazole. Three (4.9%) isolates were resistant to moxifloxacin with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of > 8 mu g/ml. The MIC 50 and MIC 90 values for erythromycin and clindamycin were 1.5-3 mu g/ml, and 2-4 mu g/ml, respectively. All strains carried the tcdA and tcdB genes, and 1 (1.6%) was positive for the binary-toxin (cdtA and cdtB) genes. The binary-toxin positive strain carried a 54 bp deletion as well as a single nucleotide change in the tcdC gene. Various single nucleotide changes were found in the tcdC gene of 12 strains (19.6%). Our results have shown that, hypervirulent strains exist in our country, but we have no evidence for the presence of ribotype 027 yet. On the other hand, when the increasing incidence of these strains through out the world is taken into consideration, it would be of great importance to perform surveillance studies and characterize the isolated strains