Multicultural Competencies of Social Studies Teachers: A Qualitative Study

Purpose: Turkey is a country hosting many people of diverse religious beliefs (e.g., Islam, Christianity, and Judaism) and a great variety of ethnic origins (e.g., Turks, Greeks, Armenians, Slavs, Arabs, Romanians and Kurds). It is also subject to continuous migratory flows from neighboring countries and beyond. Due to these factors, it has become increasingly evident that a more multicultural educational approach is warranted. In this study, researchers analyzed the level of competency in teachers required for the implementation of such approaches within the framework of individual/personal, classroom, and institution/school levels in order to identify the capabilities of social studies teachers’ multicultural competencies.  Method: In this study, researchers used a basic qualitative research design. Using a semi-structured interview technique, one-on-one interviews were conducted with 16 teachers from 8 schools with different socio-economic backgrounds and foreign student numbers. The data was analyzed with a thematic analysis approach.  Findings: What was found in the course of the work? This will refer to analysis, discussion, or results. The findings of the study showed that teachers’ multicultural competencies were weak in individual/personal, institutional/school levels and in the integration of cultural characteristics into teaching at the classroom level. However, participating teachers indicated stronger multicultural competencies in other subcategories of the classroom level.

Effects of long term soccer training on visual and auditory reaction time of dominant and non-dominant leg in footballers

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; uzun dönem spor yaşantısının futbolcuların görsel ve işitsel uyaranlara karşı ayak reaksiyon zamanları üzerine olan etkilerini, baskın olan ve olmayan ayaklarda karşılaştırmalı olarak araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 15 erkek futbolcu (ortalama yaşı; 22.92.4 yıl) ve 15 antrenmansız katılımcı (ortalama yaşı; 22.41.4) olmak üzere toplam 30 erkek denek gönüllü olarak katıldı. Sporcu olan (deney) ve olmayan (kontrol) gruplara ait görsel ve işitsel reaksiyon zamanı değerleri her iki ayağa yönelik olarak elektronik reaksiyon zaman ölçüm aleti ile tespit edildi. Verilerin analizi, SPSS 10.00 istatistik paket programı kullanılarak, bağımsız ve eşleştirilmiş t test yöntemi ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Deney grubunun , baskın olan ve olmayan ayakları arasında işitsel ve görsel uyaranlara karşı reaksiyon zamanı değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunamadı (p 0.05) (Her iki ayakta da: ses; 0.18sn, ışık; 0.21sn). Bu bulgunun aksine kontrol grubunun ayakları arasında, ses ve ışığa yönelik reaksiyon zamanı değerlerinde anlamlı bir faklılık vardı (p0.05). (baskın bacak: ses; 0.18sn, ışık; 0.21sn, baskın olmayan bacak: ses; 0.20sn, ışık; 0.22sn). Her iki grupta da sese karşı reaksiyon zaman değeri ışığa karşı olandan daha iyi idi. Futbolcuların reaksiyon zamanı değerleri antrenmansız gruba göre anlamlı olarak daha düşüktü (p0.05). Sonuç: Bu çalışma bulguları uzun süreli futbol yaşantısının futbolcuların ayak reaksiyon süresini azaltmada etken olduğu görüşünü desteklemektedir.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of long-term soccer life on foot reaction time to visual and auditory stimuli in footballers comparing with dominant and non-dominant foots. Materials and Methods: Total of 30 male, 15 soccer players (subject group) (mean age: 22.9±2.4 year) and untrained 15 students (control group) (mean age: 22.4±1.9 year) were participated voluntarily in to this study. Reaction time of subjects were measured using electronic reaction timer in both two foots for audio and visual. Independent and paired t test were used as statistical method. Results: No statistical significant differences were found between dominant and non- dominant leg of footballers for visual and auditory reaction times (For both two foot voice: 0.18, light:0. 21sec). Despite this, there were significant differences in foot reaction times of untrained group (p<0.05) (Dominant foot: voice; 0.18 sec, light; 0.21sec, non- dominant foot: voice; 0.20 sec, light; 0.22 sec). In both groups, reaction time values to voice were better than to light. Reaction time values of footballers were significantly lower according to untrained group. Conclusion: The results from this study support the viewpoint that long-term football life is effective to decrease the reaction time of footballers

COMPARISON OF SOME BIOCHEMICAL VARIABLES DURING KICKBOXING COMPETITIONS

Background: Kickboxing is a high-intensity, intermittent combat sport, which is characterized by short-term complex abilities and tactical key movements. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the factors related to variability in potential biochemical parameters and competition behavior of high-level kickboxing athletes. Methods: Blood samples of athletes, which were obtained pre- and post-maximal competition applied in accordance with the period, were investigated. In the study, a total of 50 athletes, which consisted of 39 male and 11 female amateur athletes with a mean age of 20.08 ± 6.33. Results: Significant differences were determined in the Body Mass Index (BMI) values between females and males. It was determined that athletes’ Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Total Oxidant Level (TOL) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) values were significantly increased pre- and post-competition while it was determined that Total Antioxidant Level (TAL) were significantly decreased (

Diagnostic value of anterior cruciate ligament-tibial medial plateau angle in anterior cruciate ligament tears

Amaç: Bu çalışmada ön çapraz bağ (ÖÇB) yırtıklarında ÖÇB-medial tibial plato açısının tanısal değeri araştırıldı. Hastalar ve yöntemler: Ekim 2007 - Mayıs 2008 tarihleri arasında kliniğimizde ÖÇB yırtığı tanısı konulan ve ameliyat edilen 10 erkek hasta (ort. yaş 34.6±11.3 yıl; dağılım 21-51 yıl) geriye yönelik olarak değerlendirildi. Ameliyat öncesi, hastalara öncelikle 1.5 Tesla cihazı ile manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (MRG) ve ardından tanı ve tedavi amaçlı artroskopi yapıldı. Kontrol grubundaki 10 erkek birey (ort. yaş 40.2±13.0 yıl; dağılım 21-56 yıl) rutin diz MRG incelemesi ve artroskopisi yapılan, ancak ÖÇB’si sağlam olan diğer hastalar arasından seçildi. Hastaların ve kontrollerin MRG’leri iki radyolog tarafından değerlendirildi. Hasta ve kontrol grubunda her bir bireyin ÖÇB-medial tibial plato açıları ölçüldü. Bulgular: Ön çapraz bağ yırtığı olan hastalarda ortalama ÖÇB-medial tibial plato açısı değerleri (59.5±1.3°), kontrol grubunun ortalama değerlerine göre (68.1±3.5°) önemli ölçüde düşüktü. Sonuç: Ön çapraz bağ-medial tibial plato açısı değerleri hem tam, hem de kısmi ÖÇB yırtıklarında normal değerlerin altına düşer ve özellikle klinik açıdan şüpheli olgularda tanıya yardımcı olur

Comparison of the retinal and choroidal structures in 3 refractive groups

Objectives: This study investigated the retinal layer thickness, choroidal thickness (CT), and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) parameters in 3 refractive groups. Methods: A total of 201 eyes of 201 subjects were enrolled in this prospective and comparative study. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to refractive status: Group 1 consisted of 60 eyes of myopic subjects, Group 2 comprised 72 eyes of emmetropic subjects, and 69 eyes of hyperopic subjects were categorized as Group 3. The retinal layer thickness, CT, and RNFL parameters were measured using optical coherence tomography and compared between groups. Results: The mean age of the patients was 22.33±10.11 years in Group 1, 21.55±8.3 years in Group 2, and 23.73±11.08 years in Group 3 (p=0.741). Group 1 consisted of 34 women and 26 men, Group 2 contained 44 women and 28 men, and Group 3 was made up of 45 women and 24 men (p=0.124). The mean spherical equivalent value was −6.16±2.01 D in Group 1, 0.13±0.5 D in Group 2, and 5.48±1.32 D in Group 3 (p<0.001). The RNFL and macular thickness values were lower in the myopic patients compared with those of the other groups (p<0.05). The CT measurement was lower in the myopic patients and higher in the hyperopic patients compared with the emmetropic patients (p<0.05). Conclusion: The myopic patients had a lower CT and RNFL thickness measurement than the emmetropic and hyperopic patients, whereas the hyperopic patients had a higher CT than the other patient types

Investigation of Some Physical and Motoric Characteristics of Children Aged 8-10 Years With Different SocioEconomic Status

Bu çalışma, Ardahan İl'i merkezinde ilköğretim sürecine tabii olan farklı sosyo-ekonomik statüye sahip 8-10 yaş gurubundaki kız ve erkek çocukların bazı fiziksel ve motorsal performans profillerini incelemek üzere tasarlanmıştır. Çalışmaya ebeveynlerinin izni ile 239 kız ve 286 erkek olmak üzere toplam 525 çocuk iştirak etmiştir. Her bir çocuğun; boy, vücut ağırlığı ve vücut yağ yüzdesi ile durarak uzun atlama, el pençe kuvveti, esneklik, mekik çekme ve 5 x 10 m çeviklikle kombine edilmiş hız özellikleri ölçülmüştür. Çalışmaya katılan çocukların ailelerinin sosyo-ekonomik statülerini farklılaştıran toplam aylık gelirleri, anne ve babanın eğitim düzeyleri ile ikametgâh adreslerindeki farklılıklar ailelere sorulan sorulardan elde edilen cevaplar ile kategorilendirilmiştir. Çalışma neticesinde, ailelerin sahip olduğu sosyo-ekonomik statünün, çocukların fiziksel gelişimi ve bazı motorsal performans değerleri üzerinde olumlu / olumsuz etkiye yol açtığı tespit edilmiştir.This study has been designed to investigate some physical and motoric performance profiles of male and female children aged between 8-10 with different socio-economic status and having primary education in the center of Ardahan province. A total of 525 children, including 239 girls and 286 boys have participated with the consent of their parents. Each child’s height, weight, body fat percentage, standing long jump, hand grip strength, flexibility crunches and speed characteristics combined with 5 x 10 m agility have been measured. Their total monthly income differentiating the socio economic status of the children’s families participated in the study, parents’ education levels and differences in their residence address have been categorized with the answers obtained from questions asked to the families. As a result of the study, it has been found out that the families’ socio economic status has positive / negative effects on children’s physical development and some motoric performance values

Contract Teaching and Oral Exam: What Do The Teacher Candidates Think?

The purpose of this study is to examine the opinions of teacher candidates about contract teaching and oral exam system. The study group consisted of 12 teacher candidates involved in different departments of the faculty of education. The criterion sampling method was used to determine the participants, and interviews conducted with the participants who met the criteria. A semi-structured interview form used as a data collection tool and, a thematic analysis method was realized to analyze the data. Results revealed that teacher candidates regarded contracted teaching as it is harming the teaching profession, making teachers uneasy because there is no job guarantee and as a profession, and they were found to be more insecure and riskier than before. It concluded that the six-year compulsory service period affects teachers' personal life negatively. Lack of teachers' right to replacement is also a problem. They also stated that the oral exam cannot be objective and that the chance factor may be effective. Based on the opinions of the participants, arrangements can be made by the authorized institutions for contract teaching and oral examination system. Besides, to reduce the negative thoughts of pre-service teachers, it can be explained to pre-service teachers why contract teaching and oral examination are important

Interferon alpha might be an alternative therapeutic choice for refractory Neuro-Behçet's disease

Comments on Neuro-Behcet's DiseasePubMe

Banker Kastelli

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2017.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by Ünsal, Mehmet Süha