A49T, V89L and TA repeat polymorphisms of steroid 5α-reductase type II and breast cancer risk in Japanese women

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is hormone related, as are cancers of the endometrium, ovary, and prostate. Several studies have suggested that higher extracellular levels of androgens are associated with breast cancer risk, while biological evidence indicates that androgens are protective. The codon 49 alanine to threonine substitution (A49T), codon 89 valine to leucine substitution (V89L) and TA repeat polymorphisms of the steroid 5α-reductase type II (SRD5A2) gene are considered functional with respect to enzyme activity converting testosterone into dihydrotestosterone. To test the hypothesis that these three polymorphisms are associated with risk of breast cancer, a case–control study was conducted with patients of Aichi Cancer Center Hospital. METHODS: The cases were 237 patients histologically diagnosed with breast cancer, and the controls were 185 noncancer outpatients. DNA from peripheral blood was genotyped by PCR methods. RESULTS: The threonine allele of A49T was not found in our subjects. Compared with the V/V genotype of V89L, the L/L genotype was associated with a decreased risk (crude odds ratio [OR] = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.36–1.05). This was also the case for the TA(9/9) genotype, with an OR of 0.58 (95% CI = 0.13–2.63) relative to TA(0/0). Among women with the TA(0/0) genotype, however, the OR for the L/L genotype was 0.46 (95% CI = 0.24–0.88) compared with the V/V genotype, and those with the V/V and TA(0/0) genotypes had the highest risk. The haplotype with the L and TA(9) repeat alleles was not found. CONCLUSION: This study is the first to our knowledge focusing on Japanese women, suggesting that SRD5A2 polymorphisms might have an association with breast cancer risk. Further large-sample studies will be required to confirm the association and to assess any interactions with environmental factors

Lipase-catalyzed domino Michael-aldol reaction of 2-methyl-1,3-cycloalkanedione and methyl vinyl ketone for the synthesis of bicyclic compounds

Synthesis of bicyclic compounds was achieved via a lipase-catalyzed, stereoselective, domino Michael–aldol reaction of 2-methyl-1,3-cycloalkanedione and methyl vinyl ketone. Appropriate reaction conditions, including the type of enzyme, solvent, and temperature, were determined. In addition, the effects of solvent polarity and addtives were investigated. The reaction proceeded in the presence of lipase AS in a solution of 20% acetone in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) at 10 °C for 8 days, followed by the addition of p-toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH) to afford bicyclic compounds in 51–83% yields with moderate stereoselectivity. Although this domino Michael–aldol reaction showed only moderate stereoselectivity, even with the acid-supported enhancement of the reaction, these results represent potential new applications for lipase

The relation between positive recognition of stress and mental health in university students

大学生は多様なストレッサーを経験しているが、ストレス反応の生起には、ストレス認知が影響を及ぼしていることが明らかとなっている。そこで本研究では、大学生156名を対象に、ストレス認知を測定する尺度を構成し、その特徴を明らかにした。さらにストレスの肯定的認知に着目し、ストレス反応やコーピング、ストレスに関する知識との関連を検討した。その結果、ストレスを肯定的に認知する者は、ストレスの心理的反応が抑制され、情動焦点型コーピングを多用していることが明らかとなった。また、ストレスに関する知識も豊富で、学校でのストレス教育の経験が多いと判断していた。すなわち、ストレスの肯定的認知は精神的健康を高める可能性があり、教育機関におけるストレス教育によって知識を付与することが肯定的認知の醸成につながることが示唆された。University students are surrounded by many kinds of stressors in their daily lives. Studies have recently shown that students\u27 stress recognition methods affect their stress responses. We developed a scale targeting 156 university students to find how they recognize stress. This study focused on positive recognition to clarify the connection between stress responses, coping, and knowledge of stress. The results show that people who recognize stress positively have fewer mental responses than those who do not, and that they usually use emotion-focused coping strategies. They also have a wealth of knowledge about stress, and had more opportunities for stress education in school. In other words, these results suggest the possibility that stress recognition improves mental health states, and that learning about stress in educational institutions gradually helps students recognize stress positively

Fundamental physics activities with pulsed neutron at J-PARC(BL05)

"Neutron Optics and Physics (NOP/ BL05)" at MLF in J-PARC is a beamline for studies of fundamental physics. The beamline is divided into three branches so that different experiments can be performed in parallel. These beam branches are being used to develop a variety of new projects. We are developing an experimental project to measure the neutron lifetime with total uncertainty of 1 s (0.1%). The neutron lifetime is an important parameter in elementary particle and astrophysics. Thus far, the neutron lifetime has been measured by several groups; however, different values are obtained from different measurement methods. This experiment is using a method with different sources of systematic uncertainty than measurements conducted to date. We are also developing a source of pulsed ultra-cold neutrons (UCNs) produced from a Doppler shifter are available at the unpolarized beam branch. We are developing a time focusing device for UCNs, a so called "rebuncher", which can increase UCN density from a pulsed UCN source. At the low divergence beam branch, an experiment to search an unknown intermediate force with nanometer range is performed by measuring the angular dependence of neutron scattering by noble gases. Finally the beamline is also used for the research and development of optical elements and detectors. For example, a position sensitive neutron detector that uses emulsion to achieve sub-micrometer resolution is currently under development. We have succeeded in detecting cold and ultra-cold neutrons using the emulsion detector.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings of International Conference on Neutron Optics (NOP2017

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早期負荷インプラント用カスタムトレーについて

This clinical report discusses a custom made tray used for fabrication of the superstructure of early load implants. The activities of the dental technician impressions and bite taking simultaneously in implant operations. The results of the observations led to the manufacture of a custom made tray with a duplicate denture made from the full denture used. The bite-seating impression was performed with the custom made tray, and the superstructure was installed in four treatment days. The progress is excellent, and the patient expresses satisfaction with the result. As a result of this study, it was possible to made the bite-seating impression by the full denture in use. After the operation, the superstructure could be made in a short time. Only very small adjustments of the vertical dimension and horizontal position were necessary because the custom made tray made from a duplicate denture

画像誘導システム(IGI)を用いた口腔インプラント手術

In recent years, as the needs for the dental implant treatment needs, dental implant therapy has been demanded of oral rehabilitation, esthetic restorations, and improvement QOL more highly. Image guided implantation system (IGI) is able to archive the highest level of accuracy when performing dental implant surgery by sophisticated planning software and real time navigation. IGI was introduced to implant special outpatient on dental and internal medicine clinic health sciences university of Hokkaido in 2005. We reports that some cases by IGI were experienced. As the result, IGI allowed safety invasive surgery with enhanced accuracy and efficiency and shorter operation time than past surgery methods