Anti Histamine activity of Karunchembai Ilai Chooranam (Sesbania sesban) and Anti Diuretic Activity of Ashta Gunma Thiraavagam

KARUNCHEMBAI ILAI CHOORANAM: The herb Karunchembai Ilai was collected from Erode Dist., and purified then powered and stored and was subjected to various studies. • Karunchembai leaves were selected for this study to evaluate the Anti histamine activity, and to prove its efficacy and safety in Eczema. • The Gunapadam aspect expressed that the drug possess good effect on Eczema and other skin diseases. • Pharmacological study showed significant anti-histaminic activity, anti-microbial activity, anti-inflammatory activity. • The microbial studies of the test drug proves highly sensitivity to all micro organism. • Scanning Electron microscope (SEM) the trial drug have good nano particle size that indicated absorption is very good and pharmaco therapeutic value is good. • Qualitative analysis for the trial drug evaluated the presence of Triterpenoid, Flavonoid, Saponins, Glycosides, Tannin and Phenol. • The clinical study showed improvement in symptoms like itching, oozing, erythema, scaling, pustules etc. CONCLUSION: The medicinal plant Karunchembai Ilai Chooranam was taken for the study mainly to evaluate anti-histamine activity in the treatment of Eczema. • The drug is easily available and preparation is very simple as per evidences about the plant, thus proving the efficacy of the drug in the treatment of Eczema. • Qualitative analysis proved the presence of Triterpenoid, Flavonoid, Tannin, Saponin and Phenols. • Presence of Iron increases the Hb production and helps in transport of O2 to the tissues also participates in cellular oxidation mechanisms. • The trial medicine is less expensive. • No any adverse effects has been reported. Hence Karunchembai Ilai Chooranam proves itself as a satisfactorily effective drug for Eczema. ASHTA GUNMA THIRAAVAGAM: Ashta Gunma Thiraavagam was selected for this study to establish the safety and efficacy of its diuretic activity • The Physico – chemical analysis shows the precence of Potassium, Iron, Calcium, Sulphate and Chloride.. These elements are useful in eliminating urine from the body and helps in many metabolic functions of our body. • Acute and Sub acute toxicological studies shows strong evidence of the drug. The results showed. • The pharmacological analysis showed that the drug has got significant efficacy. • In clinical study, the drug has showed improvement in 65% of cases. • The patients were responding well from the beginning of the treatment and no adverse effects were reported. CONCLUSION: The evaluation of the efficacy of Ashta Gunma Thiraavagam for diuretic activity in the managements of oedema, urolithiasis and hypertension gave significant results. • The presence of chloride, calcium and sulphate enhances the diuretic activity. • Pharmacological animal study shows that Ashta Gunma Thiraavagam acts as potent diuretic comparable to that of standard drug. • The drug gives very good therapeutic effect because of its easy absorption. • Clinically, the drug relieved the symptoms of SHT,Urolithiasis,oedema and showed net increase in 24 hrs urine output. • No adverse reactions were produced during the period of the clinical study. So I conclude that Ashta Gunma Thiraavagam act as a good diuretic

Political Dhamma explained by eighteen Lesser Texts

When it comes to political affairs, it is necessary to be familiar with the various dictionaries, encyclopaedias, and commentaries on politics. The basic politics of society, their relevance, the origins of the state, the work of the state, the various forms of governance in the history of mankind, the welfare of the people, how they should act, the Government or Emperor qualifications, characteristics and the crimes and grievances of the state

A Perturbed Self-organizing Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm to solve Multiobjective TSP

Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a very important NP-Hard problem getting focused more on these days. Having improvement on TSP, right now consider the multi-objective TSP (MOTSP), broadened occurrence of travelling salesman problem. Since TSP is NP-hard issue MOTSP is additionally a NP-hard issue. There are a lot of algorithms and methods to solve the MOTSP among which Multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition is appropriate to solve it nowadays. This work presents a new algorithm which combines the Data Perturbation, Self-Organizing Map (SOM) and MOEA/D to solve the problem of MOTSP, named Perturbed Self-Organizing multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm (P-SMEA). In P-SMEA Self-Organizing Map (SOM) is used extract neighborhood relationship information and with MOEA/D subproblems are generated and solved simultaneously to obtain the optimal solution. Data Perturbation is applied to avoid the local optima. So by using the P-SMEA, MOTSP can be handled efficiently. The experimental results show that P-SMEA outperforms MOEA/D and SMEA on a set of test instances

Hydrolysis of proteinaceous tannery solid waste for the production of extracellular acidic protease by Selenomonas ruminantium

The objective of this study was to produce protease from Selenomonas ruminantium using animal fleshing (ANFL), an untanned tannery solid waste as the sole protein source. Optimization of the minimal medium composition for the production of protease was carried out by a statistical approach using response surface methodology (RSM) which includes the variables such as NH4Cl, K2HPO4, KH2PO4 and NaCl. The isolate was found to produce maximum protease at pH 6 and at a temperature of about 40°C. Protease was purified 56 fold with a total yield of 28.14%. The enzyme was found to be monomeric having a molecular weight around 53 kDa. The purified enzyme was stable at a pH of about 4 revealing its acid protease nature and was also found to be stable up to 40°C. The enzyme was activated by divalent cations like Ca2+ and Mg2+ and inhibited by dithiothreitol (DTT), where the latter suggested its cysteine protease nature. The enzyme had good stability in the presence of non-ionic surfactants like tween 20, tween 40, tween 80 and triton X100 and also in the presence of solvents like methanol, ethanol and isopropanol. These characteristics reveal the potential of the enzyme for different industrial applications.Keywords: Acid protease, animal fleshing, optimization, response surface methodology (RSM), Selenomonas ruminantiu

Anthropometric factors and breast cancer risk among urban and rural women in South India: a multicentric case–control study

Breast cancer (BC) incidence in India is approximately twice as high in urban women than in rural women, among whom we investigated the role of anthropometric factors and body size. The study was conducted at the Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, and in three cancer hospitals in Chennai during 2002–2005. Histologically confirmed cases (n=1866) and age-matched controls (n=1873) were selected. Anthropometric factors were measured in standard ways. Information on body size at different periods of life was obtained using pictograms. Odds ratios (OR) of BC were estimated through logistic regression modelling. Proportion of women with body mass index (BMI)>25.0 kg/m2, waist size >85 cm and hip size >100 cm was significantly higher among urban than rural women. Risk was increased for waist size >85 cm (pre-menopausal: OR=1.24, 95% CI: 0.96–1.62; post-menopausal: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.22–2.12) and hip size >100 cm (pre-menopausal: OR=1.47, 95% CI: 1.05–2.06; post-menopausal 2.42, 95% CI: 1.72–3.41). Large body size at age 10 (OR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.01–3.03) and increased BMI (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.05–1.69 for 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 and OR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.03–2.35 for 30+ kg/m2) were associated with pre-menopausal BC risk. Our data support the hypotheses that increased anthropometric factors are risk factors of BC in India

Conceptual Framework on Workplace Deviance Behavior: A Review

This article aims to highlight the importance of organizational climate with both destructive and constructive deviance behaviour in different cultural setting with workplace as a common ground. First, we discuss the need for research in workplace deviance especially destructive and constructive deviance behaviour with the review of previous studies from deviance literature. Next, we present the importance of climate and culture with both destructive and constructive deviance by proposing relationship among them with the help of a framework. The presented theoretical framework can be useful for conducting future empirical research. Finally, we present the conclusion and future research in conducting cross-national research with respect to deviance

Approaches in biotechnological applications of natural polymers

Natural polymers, such as gums and mucilage, are biocompatible, cheap, easily available and non-toxic materials of native origin. These polymers are increasingly preferred over synthetic materials for industrial applications due to their intrinsic properties, as well as they are considered alternative sources of raw materials since they present characteristics of sustainability, biodegradability and biosafety. As definition, gums and mucilages are polysaccharides or complex carbohydrates consisting of one or more monosaccharides or their derivatives linked in bewildering variety of linkages and structures. Natural gums are considered polysaccharides naturally occurring in varieties of plant seeds and exudates, tree or shrub exudates, seaweed extracts, fungi, bacteria, and animal sources. Water-soluble gums, also known as hydrocolloids, are considered exudates and are pathological products; therefore, they do not form a part of cell wall. On the other hand, mucilages are part of cell and physiological products. It is important to highlight that gums represent the largest amounts of polymer materials derived from plants. Gums have enormously large and broad applications in both food and non-food industries, being commonly used as thickening, binding, emulsifying, suspending, stabilizing agents and matrices for drug release in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In the food industry, their gelling properties and the ability to mold edible films and coatings are extensively studied. The use of gums depends on the intrinsic properties that they provide, often at costs below those of synthetic polymers. For upgrading the value of gums, they are being processed into various forms, including the most recent nanomaterials, for various biotechnological applications. Thus, the main natural polymers including galactomannans, cellulose, chitin, agar, carrageenan, alginate, cashew gum, pectin and starch, in addition to the current researches about them are reviewed in this article.. }To the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfíico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for fellowships (LCBBC and MGCC) and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nvíel Superior (CAPES) (PBSA). This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit, the Project RECI/BBB-EBI/0179/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027462) and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684) (JAT)

ENHANCEMENT OF SOLAR THERMAL STORAGE SYSTEM USING PCM

Abstract This paper summaries the investigation and analysis of thermal energy storage extracted from solar heater and use for domestic purpose. Choosing a suitable phase change materials paraffin wax and sodium acetate try hydrate are used for storing thermal energy in two different insulation tanks. Each tank carries minimum of 15 liters capacity of water. These two different phase change materials are encapsulated in balls and planted in two tanks. Inside the tank phase change materials are receiving hot water from solar panel. This solar energy is stored in encapsulated balls as latent heat energy. Latent heat is absorbed and stored in encapsulated PCM balls. Large quantity of solar energy can be stored in a day time and same heat can be retrieved for later use. PCM are kept in encapsulated balls and planted in the insulation container. Temperature of the water is measured in a definite interval of time. The heat storage system is to be applied to store solar energy and the stored heat is used to domestic hot water supply system and comparison study also taken place between two different encapsulated balls