Potential of Pandanus odoratissimus as a CNS depressant in Swiss albino mice

In this study, several neuropharmacological effects of methanolic leaf extract of Pandanus odoratissimus (PO) (family; Pandanaceae) were studied in albino mice using various experimental models. The effect of PO on the CNS was studied by using different neuropharmacological paradigms including spontaneous motor activity, rota-rod performance and potentiation of Pentobarbital sodium sleeping time in albino mice. Preliminary phytochemical evaluation and acute toxicity studies were also carried out where LD50 >;2000 mg/kg was considered non-toxic through acute exposure in rats by the oral route. The methanolic leaf extract (50,100 and 200 mg/kg i. p.) produced a reduction in spontaneous motor activity, motor coordination and prolonged Pentobarbital sodium sleeping time. Preliminary qualitative chemical studies indicated the presence of steroids, saponins, terpinoids, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids and phenolics in the extract. These observations suggest that the leaf of Pandanus odoratissimus contains some active principles which possess potential CNS-depressant actionEstudaram-se alguns efeitos neurofarmacológicos do extrato metanólico de Pandanus odoratissimus (PO) (família Pandanaceae) em camundongos albinos, usando vários modelos experimentais. O efeito do PO no SNC foi estudado por meio de diferentes paradigmas neurofarmacológicos, como atividade motora espontânea, desempenho na haste rotatória e a potenciação do tempo de sono em camundongos albinos pelo pentobarbital sódico. A avaliação fitoquímica preliminar e os estudos de toxicidade aguda foram realizados e a DL50 >;2000 mg/kg é considerada não tóxica, por meio da exposição aguda, por via oral, em ratos. O extrato metanólico de folha (50,100 e 200 mg/kg i. p.) produziu redução da atividade motora espontânea, da coordenação motora e tempo prolongado de sono pelo pentobarbital sódico. Estudos químicos qualitativos preliminares indicaram a presença de esteróide, saponinas, terpenóides, glicosídios, taninos, flavonóides e fenólicos no extrato. As observações sugerem que a folha de Pandanus odoratissimus contém alguns princípios ativos com atividade potencial como depressores do SNC

The oral cholera vaccine Shanchol (TM) when stored at elevated temperatures maintains the safety and immunogenicity profile in Bangladeshi participants

Background: The oral cholera vaccine (OCV), Shanchol (TM) has shown protective efficacy lasting up to 5 years, however, requirement for a cold chain limits its use in resource poor settings. The study was conducted to determine the safety and immunogenicity of Shanchol in adult participants in Bangladesh when stored at elevated temperatures.Methods: The study was conducted in Mirpur, Dhaka. Four groups of healthy adult participants received two doses of Shanchol (TM), kept under standard storage temperature (Group A; 2-8 degrees C) or at elevated temperatures (Group B, 25 degrees C; Group degrees C, 37 degrees C; Group D, 42 degrees C) for 14 days, respectively. Vaccine specific antibody responses were determined.Findings: 145 participants were assigned to each group. Adverse events were mild not differing among groups. Vaccine stored at elevated temperatures remained stable with cumulative LPS content within admissible limits.Vibriocidal antibody responses were observed in all groups after each dose of vaccine at day 7 and 21 compared to pre-immune levels (