Problems of innovative receptivity of personnel of enterprises of industrial automation

Стаття присвячена аналізу галузі промислової автоматики (ПА), позначенню та з’ясовуванню проблематики у підприємств ПА для поліпшення інноваційної діяльності (ІД) шляхом комплексного підвищення інноваційної сприйнятливості (ІС) персоналу в системі управління персоналом. Показана динаміка виробничих економічних показників українських підприємств ПА за 2011-2017 рр., запропоновані рекомендації по підвищенню ІС персоналу. Наведено аналіз техніко-економічних показників підприємств ПА. Приведений загальний огляд реалізації продукції (товарів, послуг за видами економічної діяльності) на Україні за період 2010-2017 рр. Для дослідження приведена методологія порівняльного аналізу. Результати дослідження показують виявлення проблем підприємств ПA, які полягають у збільшенні реалізованої продукції і зниженні прибутку, що говорить про необхідність підвищення IС персоналу в системі управління персоналом.The article is devoted to the analysis of industrial areas in particular the field of industrial automation (ІA), the identification and clarification of problems in PA enterprises, to improve innovation activity (IА) through a comprehensive increase in the innovative receptivity (IR) of personnel in the personnel management system. The industrial enterprises of Ukraine and in particular industry of ІА now experiences heavy times of competitive activity with foreign companies and in particular with more cheap commodities from China. Not to lose the positions and occupy new markets it is needed not only to watch after novelties in the field of productive but also in the sphere of personnel and increase of him ІR for the increase of competitiveness. The dynamics of the production of economic indicators of the Ukrainian enterprises of IA for 2011-2017 is shown, recommendations for increasing the executive personnel are offered. The analysis of technical and economic indicators of IA enterprises is given. And also provides a general overview of the sale of products (goods, services by type of economic activity) in Ukraine for the period 2010-2017. For research methodology over of comparative analysis is brought. Research results are exposures of problems of enterprises of IA such as an increase of the realized products and decline of profit, that talks at the necessity of increase of IR of personnel, in control system by a personnel. Innovative activity of every enterprise of industrial automation (IA) is important for the increase of competitiveness and increase arrived. The innovative oriented skilled personnel failing in the Ukrainian enterprises, what called to provide development and increase of efficiency of activity of enterprises. For development normatively of technical documentation on a management and development of personnel experience of front-rank world companies is poorly used what track is adapted to take into account taking into account Ukrainian realities. To the necessity of development of control system by a personnel with the purpose of leading to of them to the standards of front-rank world companies

Prospective Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Nanosilver T-Shirts

A cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment (LCA) is performed to compare nanosilver T-shirts with conventional T-shirts with and without biocidal treatment. For nanosilver production and textile incorporation, we investigate two processes: flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) and plasma polymerization with silver co-sputtering (PlaSpu). Prospective environmental impacts due to increased nanosilver T-shirt commercialization are estimated with six scenarios. Results show significant differences in environmental burdens between nanoparticle production technologies: The "cradle-to-gate" climate footprint of the production of a nanosilver T-shirt is 2.70 kg of CO2-equiv (FSP) and 7.67-166 kg of CO2-equiv (PlaSpu, varying maturity stages). Production of conventional T-shirts with and without the biocide triclosan has emissions of 2.55 kg of CO2-equiv (contribution from triclosan insignificant). Consumer behavior considerably affects the environmental impacts during the use phase. Lower washing frequencies can compensate for the increased climate footprint of FSP nanosilver T-shirt production. The toxic releases from washing and disposal in the life cycle of T-shirts appear to be of minor relevance. By contrast, the production phase may be rather significant due to toxic silver emissions at the mining site if high silver quantities are require

Fur in Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense Influences Magnetosomes Formation and Directly Regulates the Genes Involved in Iron and Oxygen Metabolism

Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense strain MSR-1 has the unique capability of taking up large amounts of iron and synthesizing magnetosomes (intracellular magnetic particles composed of Fe3O4). The unusual high iron content of MSR-1 makes it a useful model for studying biological mechanisms of iron uptake and homeostasis. The ferric uptake regulator (Fur) protein plays a key role in maintaining iron homeostasis in many bacteria. We identified and characterized a fur-homologous gene (MGR_1314) in MSR-1. MGR_1314 was able to complement a fur mutant of E. coli in iron-responsive manner in vivo. We constructed a fur mutant strain of MSR-1. In comparison to wild-type MSR-1, the mutant strain had lower magnetosome formation, and was more sensitive to hydrogen peroxide and streptonigrin, indicating higher intracellular free iron content. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses indicated that Fur protein directly regulates expression of several key genes involved in iron transport and oxygen metabolism, in addition it also functions in magnetosome formation in M. gryphiswaldense

Genome-wide search for breast cancer linkage in large Icelandic non-BRCA1/2 families

Abstract Introduction: A significant proportion of high-risk breast cancer families are not explained by mutations in known genes. Recent genome-wide searches (GWS) have not revealed any single major locus reminiscent of BRCA1 and BRCA2, indicating that still unidentified genes may explain relatively few families each or interact in a way obscure to linkage analyses. This has drawn attention to possible benefits of studying populations where genetic heterogeneity might be reduced. We thus performed a GWS for linkage on nine Icelandic multiple-case non-BRCA1/2 families of desirable size for mapping highly penetrant loci. To follow up suggestive loci, an additional 13 families from other Nordic countries were genotyped for selected markers. Methods: GWS was performed using 811 microsatellite markers providing about five centiMorgan (cM) resolution. Multipoint logarithm of odds (LOD) scores were calculated using parametric and nonparametric methods. For selected markers and cases, tumour tissue was compared to normal tissue to look for allelic loss indicative of a tumour suppressor gene. Results: The three highest signals were located at chromosomes 6q, 2p and 14q. One family contributed suggestive LOD scores (LOD 2.63 to 3.03, dominant model) at all these regions, without consistent evidence of a tumour suppressor gene. Haplotypes in nine affected family members mapped the loci to 2p23.2 to p21, 6q14.2 to q23.2 and 14q21.3 to q24.3. No evidence of a highly penetrant locus was found among the remaining families. The heterogeneity LOD (HLOD) at the 6q, 2p and 14q loci in all families was 3.27, 1.66 and 1.24, respectively. The subset of 13 Nordic families showed supportive HLODs at chromosome 6q (ranging from 0.34 to 1.37 by country subset). The 2p and 14q loci overlap with regions indicated by large families in previous GWS studies of breast cancer. Conclusions: Chromosomes 2p, 6q and 14q are candidate sites for genes contributing together to high breast cancer risk. A polygenic model is supported, suggesting the joint effect of genes in contributing to breast cancer risk to be rather common in non-BRCA1/2 families. For genetic counselling it would seem important to resolve the mode of genetic interaction

Computer-Based Intensity Measurement Assists Pathologists in Scoring Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Immunohistochemistry - Clinical Associations in NSCLC Patients of the European Thoracic Oncology Platform Lungscape Cohort.

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) loss is frequently observed in NSCLC and associated with both phosphoinositide 3-kinase activation and tumoral immunosuppression. PTEN immunohistochemistry is a valuable readout, but lacks standardized staining protocol and cutoff value. After an external quality assessment using SP218, 138G6 and 6H2.1 anti-PTEN antibodies, scored on webbook and tissue microarray, the European Thoracic Oncology Platform cohort samples (n = 2245 NSCLC patients, 8980 tissue microarray cores) were stained with SP218. All cores were H-scored by pathologists and by computerized pixel-based intensity measurements calibrated by pathologists. All three antibodies differentiated six PTEN+ versus six PTEN- cases on external quality assessment. For 138G6 and SP218, high sensitivity and specificity was found for all H-score threshold values including prospectively defined 0, calculated 8 (pathologists), and calculated 5 (computer). High concordance among pathologists in setting computer-based intensities and between pathologists and computer in H-scoring was observed. Because of over-integration of the human eye, pixel-based computer H-scores were overall 54% lower. For all cutoff values, PTEN- was associated with smoking history, squamous cell histology, and higher tumor stage (p < 0.001). In adenocarcinomas, PTEN- was associated with poor survival. Calibration of immunoreactivity intensities by pathologists following computerized H-score measurements has the potential to improve reproducibility and homogeneity of biomarker detection regarding epitope validation in multicenter studies

Checkpoint Signaling, Base Excision Repair, and PARP Promote Survival of Colon Cancer Cells Treated with 5-Fluorodeoxyuridine but Not 5-Fluorouracil

The fluoropyrimidines 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and FdUrd (5-fluorodeoxyuridine; floxuridine) are the backbone of chemotherapy regimens for colon cancer and other tumors. Despite their widespread use, it remains unclear how these agents kill tumor cells. Here, we have analyzed the checkpoint and DNA repair pathways that affect colon tumor responses to 5-FU and FdUrd. These studies demonstrate that both FdUrd and 5-FU activate the ATR and ATM checkpoint signaling pathways, indicating that they cause genotoxic damage. Notably, however, depletion of ATM or ATR does not sensitize colon cancer cells to 5-FU, whereas these checkpoint pathways promote the survival of cells treated with FdUrd, suggesting that FdUrd exerts cytotoxicity by disrupting DNA replication and/or inducing DNA damage, whereas 5-FU does not. We also found that disabling the base excision (BER) repair pathway by depleting XRCC1 or APE1 sensitized colon cancer cells to FdUrd but not 5-FU. Consistent with a role for the BER pathway, we show that small molecule poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1/2 (PARP) inhibitors, AZD2281 and ABT-888, remarkably sensitized both mismatch repair (MMR)-proficient and -deficient colon cancer cell lines to FdUrd but not to 5-FU. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that the roles of genotoxin-induced checkpoint signaling and DNA repair differ significantly for these agents and also suggest a novel approach to colon cancer therapy in which FdUrd is combined with a small molecule PARP inhibitor