Quantum collapse rules from the maximum relative entropy principle

We show that the von Neumann--Lueders collapse rules in quantum mechanics always select the unique state that maximises the quantum relative entropy with respect to the premeasurement state, subject to the constraint that the postmeasurement state has to be compatible with the knowledge gained in the measurement. This way we provide an information theoretic characterisation of quantum collapse rules by means of the maximum relative entropy principle.Comment: v2: some references added, improved presentation, result generalised to cover nonfaithful states; v3: cross-ref to arXiv:1408.3502 added, v4: some small corrections plus reference to a published version adde

Observables for General Relativity related to geometry

We present a new scheme of defining invariant observables for general relativistic systems. The scheme is based on the introduction of an observer which endowes the construction with a straightforward physical interpretation. The observables are invariant with respect to spatial diffeomorphisms which preserve the observer. The limited residual spatial gauge freedom is studied and fully understood. A full canonical analysis of the observables is presented: we analyze their variations, Poisson algebra and discuss their dynamics. Lastly, the observables are used to solve the vector constraint, which triggers a possible considerable reduction of the degrees of freedom of general relativistic theories.Comment: 33 pages, 1 figur

Addendum: Observables for General Relativity related to geometry

In this addendum we clarify a point which strengthens one of the results from [the original paper]. Namely, we show that the algebra of the observables $F(r,\theta)$ is yet simpler then it was described in [the original paper]. This is an important point, because with this simplification an important subalgebra becomes canonical, allowing for a natural reduction of the phase space.Comment: 4 page

Political parties and trade unions in the post-communist Poland:class politics that have never a chance to happen

Trade unions in Poland have not built the stable and long-term relations with political parties as are observed in Western democracies. By analysing the historical and symbolic background of the transformation to a democratic civil society and free market economy, political preferences of working class, trade union membership rates, and public opinion polls, we argue that, in case of Poland, the initial links between political parties and trade unions weakened over time. Polish trade unions never had a chance to become a long-term intermediary between society and political parties, making the Polish case study a double exception from the traditional models

Optimization Directions for Monitoring of Ground Freezing Process for Grzegorz Shaft Sinking

Grzegorz shaft is the first mine shaft sunk in 21st century in Silesian Coal Basin in USA of ground freezing method. Work carried out by Shaft Sinking Company (PBSz S.A.) is characterized by high level of innovativeness. Geophysical measurements were conducted to find directions of optimization of ground freezing process and its monitoring. Data gathered during research is a starting point for finding directions of optimization of particular fields during Grzegorz shaft sinking, as well as to be used in future similar ventures. Proposed solutions might have bring real improvements for safety and effectiveness of work and also for economic factors. Conducted tests and analysis aim at improvement of monitoring of shape, size and quality of frozen rock mass column in a safe and reliable manner

Les rites du Mal : l'univers romanesque de Jean Genet en tant que jeu d'un peche sanctifie

Despite the passage of time, the literary output by Jean Genet keeps arousing controversy in both critics and readers. It is due to the contents of his works which reflect the private life of a man who is determined to separate himself from the world of “decent people” and to live among the “aristocrats of Evil”. The present study discusses the interference of various rituals that occur in Genet’s prose writing, full of villains and vagabonds. It analyses five novels: Our Lady of the Flowers, The Miracle of the Rose, Funeral Rites, Querelle of Brest and The Thief’s Journal. The main goal is to describe how those rituals are connected to one another and why Evil can be perceived as a driving force. To present a vast range of this problem, the paper takes into consideration a number of religious, erotic and criminal elements

Polish Experience in Shaft Deepening and Mining Shaft Hoist Elongation

Deepening of active mine shaft comprises number of specific an very difficult operations, because it calls for use of untypical devices securing hoist operation in the shaft, as well as special technology tailored to actual technology of the deepened shaft face. The Leon IV shaft at the Rydułtowy mine is one of the last mining shafts deepened in Polish coal mining from the surface, and then deepened and finally equipped with mine shaft hoist installation. This investment will allow for the construction of the exploitation level of 1150 m and the availability of further coal extraction up to a depth of 1200 m. It will guarantee the possibility of exploitation of over 65 million tons of coal and continuous operation of the mine until 2040. At the same time, for the first time in the Polish hard coal mining industry, a flexible guiding of the mining cage and skips was used, which in comparison with rigid guiding is a much cheaper solution and has many other advantages. The chapter presents most important problems and technical solution implemented during construction and deepening of the Leon IV Shaft at Rydułtowy Coal Mine in Poland

La légende du Juif errant dans La Mémoire d’Abraham de Marek Halter

In the very beginning of the 17th century appears a famous legend of the Wandering Jew named Ahasverus, who is characterised by some immutable features. Since then, the story has inspired various artists and despite the passage of time it keeps on arousing a great interest among both writers and readers. The main goal of the present study is to compare the collective protagonist from The Book of Abraham, a twentieth century novel by Marek Halter, to the legendary figure. Therefore, we present a vast and accurate picture of the interactions between the Jewish protagonists from Halter’s novel to the features typical of Ahasuerus

Jeu de rôles : autofiction dans l’œuvre romanesque de Jean Genet

Le présent article se propose d’examiner trois romans de Jean Genet : Notre-Dame-des-Fleurs (1943), Miracle de la rose (1946) et Journal du voleur (1949). Son objectif principal est de vérifier comment le jeu des techniques discursives appliquées par Genet lui permet de créer un univers diégétique inspiré par sa vie privée et de réaliser ainsi le jeu de rôles qu’il assume à des fins idéologiques et ontologiques. Pour effectuer son analyse, l’auteur prend en considération avant tout les outils liés à la poétique de l’œuvre littéraire, mais aussi les aspects choisis du pacte autobiographique visant à persuader le récepteur de la « véracité apparente » du texte littéraire. L’étude de ces éléments montre que l’univers romanesque de Jean Genet, d’une part, s’inspire à un certain degré de la réalité, d’autre part, sert à construire un espace narratif où un jeu continu entre le vrai et le faux est mis au premier plan

Un converti convaincu, repentant et asexué ? (Anti-)Stéréotypes sur le Juif errant dans les romans français du XXe siècle

The present article seeks to analyse the figure of the Wandering Jew in five 20thcentury French novels (Carnet de route du Juif errant by Alexandre Arnoux, Les Entretiens d’Ahasvérus by Louis de Launay, Marches du Juif errant by Henry-Jacques, Jésus raconté par le Juif errant by Edmond Fleg and Histoire du Juif errant by Jean d’Ormesson). Its main goal is to answer the question to what extent the original image of the Jew is reproduced in the abovementioned prose works. In order to carry out his plan, the author takes into account the crucial and stereotypical characteristics which constitute the very nature of the Jewish vagabond. He tries then to point out major differences between the five novels and the popular version of the Ahasverian legend. The study of those elements shows that contemporary texts related to the immortal man break off with the traditional version of the legend and thus bear testimony of the so-called “death of the myth”